Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 203-937-5 | CAS number: 112-12-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- data from handbook or collection of data
- Justification for type of information:
- Data is from authoritative databases and secondary sources
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: as mentioned below
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Short term toxicity to fish study was carried out for 96 hrs.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Vehicle:
- not specified
- Test organisms (species):
- Pimephales promelas
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Fathead Minnow
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 31 d
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 21.9 mm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.157 gm
- Method of cultivation: Test fishes were cultured at the U. S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth and the University of the Wisconsin-Superior campus.
- Other: Adults were held in flowing water with a 16 hr light controlled photoperiod and fed frozen adult brine shrimp. They were provided with asbestos pipes (cut in half-longitudinally) as spawning substrates.
Test fishes were not fed 24 hr before or during the test. - Test type:
- flow-through
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- 48.8 mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 25.1°C (23 to 26.7°C)
- pH:
- 7.7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 6.6 mg/l
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: a continuous flow mini-diluter, an ABC solenoid-operated electronic diluter, or a single cell/glass column system.
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5, 10 or 20 test fish/vessel
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): Duplicates
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): Duplicates
- Biomass loading rate: 0.5 g/l/day
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS : Lake Superior water or water from the municipal suplly for the City of Superior, Wisconsin, which is derived from wells beneath Lake Superior and it is very similar in its natural chemical characteristics to Lake Superior water.
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hr continuous light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : All test exposure chambers were sampled at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. It was analyzed immediately or adequately preserved for later analysis. The number of dead fish was noted after every 24 hr after the beginning of a test, at which time they were also removed. Observations of fish behavior and toxic signs were noted. Unique behavior was also recorded using a color video camera and 0.5 inch video tape recorder.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 1.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% C. I. = 1.39 to 1.62 mg/l
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The LC50 value with corresponding 95% C. I. were calculated using the corrected average of the analyzed tank concentrations and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Conclusions:
- Based on the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 1.5 mg/l (95% C. I. = 1.39 to 1.62 mg/l).
- Executive summary:
An acute toxicity to fish study was carried out for 96 hrs. Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) of 31 d old was used as a test fishes. It has a length of 21.9 mm and weight of 0.157 gm, respectively. Test fishes were cultured at the U. S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth and the University of the Wisconsin-Superior campus. Adults were held in flowing water with a 16 hr light controlled photoperiod and fed frozen adult brine shrimp. They were provided with asbestos pipes (cut in half-longitudinally) as spawning substrates. Test fishes were not fed 24 hr before or during the test. Study was performed under flow through conditions at a temperature of 25.1°C, hardness of 48.8 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen of 6.6 mg/l and pH of 7.7 mg/l, respectively. Test chemical analysis was carred out either using gas-liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Lake Superior water or water from the municipal suplly for the City of Superior, Wisconsin, which is derived from wells beneath Lake Superior and it is very similar in its natural chemical characteristics to Lake Superior water. A continuous flow mini-diluter, an ABC solenoid-operated electronic diluter, or a single cell/glass column system was used as a test vessel. Prior to initiating a test, prospective test fish were ''pooled'' if reared in more than one tank. At the start of the test, individuals were removed from the ''common pool'' of fish with a net and distributed at random among the exposure chambers. The tests were intiated by adding 20, 10 or 5 fish per treatment and control for the mini, electronic, and single cell/glass column systems, respectively. Fish loading did not exceed 0.5 g/l/day in flow through systems. All experiments were performed in duplicates. All test exposure chambers were sampled at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. It was analyzed immediately or adequately preserved for later analysis. The number of dead fish was noted after every 24 hr after the beginning of a test, at which time they were also removed. Observations of fish behavior and toxic signs were noted. Unique behavior was also recorded using a color video camera and 0.5 inch video tape recorder. The LC50 value with corresponding 95% C. I. were calculated using the corrected average of the analyzed tank concentrations and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 1.5 mg/l (95% C. I. = 1.39 to 1.62 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Reference
Description of key information
An acute toxicity to fish study was carried out for 96 hrs (from authoritative databases and secondary sources). Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) of 31 d old was used as a test fishes. It has a length of 21.9 mm and weight of 0.157 gm, respectively. Test fishes were cultured at the U. S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth and the University of the Wisconsin-Superior campus. Adults were held in flowing water with a 16 hr light controlled photoperiod and fed frozen adult brine shrimp. They were provided with asbestos pipes (cut in half-longitudinally) as spawning substrates. Test fishes were not fed 24 hr before or during the test. Study was performed under flow through conditions at a temperature of 25.1°C, hardness of 48.8 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen of 6.6 mg/l and pH of 7.7 mg/l, respectively. Test chemical analysis was carred out either using gas-liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Lake Superior water or water from the municipal suplly for the City of Superior, Wisconsin, which is derived from wells beneath Lake Superior and it is very similar in its natural chemical characteristics to Lake Superior water. A continuous flow mini-diluter, an ABC solenoid-operated electronic diluter, or a single cell/glass column system was used as a test vessel. Prior to initiating a test, prospective test fish were ''pooled'' if reared in more than one tank. At the start of the test, individuals were removed from the ''common pool'' of fish with a net and distributed at random among the exposure chambers. The tests were intiated by adding 20, 10 or 5 fish per treatment and control for the mini, electronic, and single cell/glass column systems, respectively. Fish loading did not exceed 0.5 g/l/day in flow through systems. All experiments were performed in duplicates. All test exposure chambers were sampled at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. It was analyzed immediately or adequately preserved for later analysis. The number of dead fish was noted after every 24 hr after the beginning of a test, at which time they were also removed. Observations of fish behavior and toxic signs were noted. Unique behavior was also recorded using a color video camera and 0.5 inch video tape recorder. The LC50 value with corresponding 95% C. I. were calculated using the corrected average of the analyzed tank concentrations and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 1.5 mg/l (95% C. I. = 1.39 to 1.62 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 1.5 mg/L
Additional information
Various experimental studies and predicted data of the test chemical and its read across chemical were reviewed for short term toxicity to fish end point which are summarized as below:
In an experimental study from authoritative databases and secondary sources, an acute toxicity to fish study was carried out for 96 hrs. Pimephales promelas (Fathead Minnow) of 31 d old was used as a test fishes. It has a length of 21.9 mm and weight of 0.157 gm, respectively. Test fishes were cultured at the U. S. EPA Environmental Research Laboratory-Duluth and the University of the Wisconsin-Superior campus. Adults were held in flowing water with a 16 hr light controlled photoperiod and fed frozen adult brine shrimp. They were provided with asbestos pipes (cut in half-longitudinally) as spawning substrates. Test fishes were not fed 24 hr before or during the test. Study was performed under flow through conditions at a temperature of 25.1°C, hardness of 48.8 mg/L CaCO3, dissolved oxygen of 6.6 mg/l and pH of 7.7 mg/l, respectively. Test chemical analysis was carred out either using gas-liquid chromatography, high performance liquid chromatography and UV-visible spectrophotometry. Lake Superior water or water from the municipal suplly for the City of Superior, Wisconsin, which is derived from wells beneath Lake Superior and it is very similar in its natural chemical characteristics to Lake Superior water. A continuous flow mini-diluter, an ABC solenoid-operated electronic diluter, or a single cell/glass column system was used as a test vessel. Prior to initiating a test, prospective test fish were ''pooled'' if reared in more than one tank. At the start of the test, individuals were removed from the ''common pool'' of fish with a net and distributed at random among the exposure chambers. The tests were intiated by adding 20, 10 or 5 fish per treatment and control for the mini, electronic, and single cell/glass column systems, respectively. Fish loading did not exceed 0.5 g/l/day in flow through systems. All experiments were performed in duplicates. All test exposure chambers were sampled at 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. It was analyzed immediately or adequately preserved for later analysis. The number of dead fish was noted after every 24 hr after the beginning of a test, at which time they were also removed. Observations of fish behavior and toxic signs were noted. Unique behavior was also recorded using a color video camera and 0.5 inch video tape recorder. The LC50 value with corresponding 95% C. I. were calculated using the corrected average of the analyzed tank concentrations and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber method. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 1.5 mg/l (95% C. I. = 1.39 to 1.62 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
Another short term toxicity to fish study was carried out (from authoritative databases, secondary sources and PPDB database). Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow trout) of 1.2 gm was used as a test fishes. Study was performed under static conditions for a period of 96 hrs. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 3.0 mg/l (95% C. I. = 2.2 to 4.4 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
In a supporting study from authoritative databases and secondary sources, short term toxicity to fish study was carried out. Lepomis macrochirus (Bluegill) of 1.0 gm in weight was used as a test fishes. Study was performed under static conditions for a period of 96 hrs. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 2.1 mg/l (95% C. I. = 1.6 to 3.1 mg/l). Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
In a prediction done using the EPI Suite ECOSAR version 1.11, the short-term toxicity of the test chemical to aquatic fish was predicted. On the basis of effect of test chemical observed in a static system on the mortality of the test organism during the 96 hr exposure duration, the lethal effect concentration (LC50) for the test chemical was estimated to be 4.213 mg/l. Thus, based on the LC50 value, test chemical can be considered as toxic to aquatic fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
For the test chemical, short term toxicity to fish study was carried out. Study was performed as per the OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test). Oryzias latipes (Japanese rice fish (Medaka)) was used as a test fishes. Conc. of vehicle used in the test solution was 0.1 ml/l. Test fishes (10 fishes/conc.) were exposed to different test chemical conc. (i.e., 0 (control), 0 (vehicle control), 1.0, 1.8, 3.2, 5.6, 10 mg/L) for a period of 96 hrs under semi-static conditions. Total amount of the test solution was renewed every 24 hours. Aeration was not provided in the test vessel during the study. Test conditions involve a temperature of 24 ± 1°C under a photoperiod of 16 hours light / 8 hours dark in a room light. On the basis of the effect on mortality of the test fishes, the 96 hr LC50 value was determined to be 1.7 mg/l. Thus, test chemical was considered as toxic to fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic to aquatic fishes and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria.
On the basis of the above results, it can be concluded that the test chemical can be considered as toxic to aquatic fishes. Since, the test chemical is readily biodegradable in water, chemical was considered as non-toxic and hence, considered to be ‘not classified’ as per CLP classification criteria
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.