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EC number: 201-579-4 | CAS number: 85-00-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
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- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 04 Nov 2005 to 22 Nov 2005
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)
- Version / remarks:
- 1984
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Preparation of the test substrate: The dry constituents are blended in the correct proportions (10% of peat, 20% of kaolin and 70% of sand). Bideionized water is added to give an overall moisture content of about 40% of the WHOmax. The complete mixture should be moist but not so wet that water appears when the artificial soil is compressed. The initial pH of the soil were 6.67 and the initial and final humity of the soil was 0.095 g water/g soil and 0.062 g water/g soil, respectively.
- Preparation of the test concentration: The test concentrations were prepared by add the test substance directly to the soil. Each test concentration was prepared by adding a mass of the test substance to 750 g of artificial soil. The flask used to weight the test substance was rinsed 3 times with a total of 5 mL of bideionized water and it was incorporated to the respective soil. - Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Earch worm
- Source: commercial culture
- Culture condition: Earthworms are grown in dried manure substrate and fed with fruits and vegetables
- Age at test initiation: > 2 months (sexually developed)
- Feeding during test: without food
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: > 2 weeks - Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 14 d
- Test temperature:
- 18.1 - 20.7 °C
- pH:
- 6.67
- Moisture:
- Approximately 40% of the WHOmax
- Initial of the test: 0.095 g water/g soil
- End of the test: 0.062 g water/g soil - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 1.2 L glass flasks
- Total weight: Approximately 750 g
- No. of organisms per container: 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 4
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE: See 'Details on preparation and application of test substrate'
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 24 h of attenuated light
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
Test organisms were observed after 14 days of exposure and a count was conducted on the number of dead and alive organisms. Definitive test observations are summarized in Final results based on those observations was applied the statistic procedure of Trimmed Spearman Karber.
RANGE FINDING STUDY
In order to determine the best working range a 96-h preliminary test was conducted with four concentrations plus one control and five organisms per concentration with one replication.
- Test concentration: 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µL of test substance/kg soil
- Conclusion: Results show that the 14 days effects should start at concentrations > 1000 mg/kg of soil - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentration: 35.17, 73.90, 149.28, 295.98 and 587.19 mg a.i. (as cation)/kg soil (See effective concentration analysis and Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables')
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 176.21 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: Recalculated value, expressed as pure substance, see ‘Any other information on results incl. tables’ for respective calculation
- Duration:
- 14 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- 94.33 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Remarks:
- cation
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks on result:
- other: Original value presented in study
- Remarks:
- 95% C.L.: 77.56 - 114.73 mg a.i./kg dry soil
- Details on results:
- After 14 days exposure to the test substance, all organisms survived in the control and 35.17 mg a.i./kg soil treatment group. The concentration that immobilizes 100% of organisms was not determinated in this study. The average mortality were 50%, 65%, 90% and 90% in 73.9, 149.28, 295.98 and 587.19 mg a.i.(as cation)/kg soil dw, respectively. Based on the findings, the LC50 was determined to be 94.33 mg cation/L (equivalent to 176.21 mg registered substance/L).
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The results were treated according to the Trimmed-Spearman-Karber method for determination of the LD50 and of the reliability intervals to 95% when observed mortality for over 50% of the organisms under exposure in the highest test concentration. The reliability interval that was not achieved with this method was estimated according to Hoeven.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Based on the findings, the LC50 was determined to be 94.33 mg cation/L.
- Executive summary:
A laboratory study was conducted to determine the acute toxicity of the test substance to soil earthworm (Eisenia foetida). The study was based on OECD TG 207 and in compliance with GLP criteria. The study was performed with five test concentrations (35.17, 73.90, 149.28, 295.98 and 587.19 mg a.i. (as cation)/kg soil) and a control group. Each concentration has four replications with ten organisms per replicate. Thus, in total of 40 organisms per concentration. The test substrate was an artificial soil prepared with 70% sand, 20% kaolin and 10% peat. The test was conduced under continuous and attenuate illumination at a temperature of 20 ± 2°C. The end point was based on mortalities after 14 days. The concentrations of active ingredient (expressed as cation) were determined analytically.
After 14 days exposure to the test substance, all organisms survived in the control and 35.17 mg a.i./kg soil treatment group. The concentration that immobilizes 100% of organisms was not determinated in this study.The average mortality were 50%, 65%, 90% and 90% in 73.9, 149.28, 295.98 and 587.19 mg a.i.(as cation)/kg soil dw, respectively. Based on the findings, the LC50 was determined to be 94.33 mg cation /kg of soil dw.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 22 Jun 2007 to 20 Jul 2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 222 (Earthworm Reproduction Test (Eisenia fetida/Eisenia andrei))
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Preparation of the test substrate: Approximately 24 hours before test start, the artificial soil was prepared for use. Deionised water was added to the dry components to adjust the water content to approximately 40 - 60 % of WHC. Adult earthworms of the species Eisenia fetida (approximately 3 months old with clitellum) were acclimatised in a separate batch of the artificial substrate, mixed with horse manure for approximately 24 hours before test start.
- Application of the test substrate: The test substrate consisted of artificial soil, the test item (except in controls) and deionised water. The test item was introduced by dispersing the quantity of the test item to obtain the desired test concentration in a portion of deionised water necessary to wet the soil substrate to the required water content. The control substrate contained the corresponding amount of deionised water only. Each test vessel was then filled with the treated soil (approximately 751 g wet weight corresponding to 556 g dry weight). After a randomising procedure according to the worm fresh weight, selected groups of 10 worms were then randomly assigned to each treatment group. The individually weighed worms (10 worms/vessel) were placed on the surface of the soil. The test vessels were closed with perforated transparent lids, which allowed for gas exchange between substrate and atmosphere and access of light to prevent worms from escaping. The test vessels were then set up at random in a controlledenvironment test room. - Test organisms (species):
- Eisenia fetida
- Animal group:
- annelids
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Earthworm
- Source: Reared under ambient laboratory conditions in the test facility
- Breeding medium: Mixture of horse manure, straw, peat (1:1:1)
- Breeding conditions: 50 cm x 40 cm x 30 cm breeding containers, with moist soil, under diffuse light, approximately 20 °C and pH 7 condition.
- Age at test initiation: Adult worms (approximately 3 months old with clitellum)
- Weight of animals used in the test: 304 - 463 mg/worm
- Food used during the test: Air-dried and finely ground horse manure
- Feeding frequency: Weekly during the first four weeks of the test
To avoid systematic errors in distributing the worms to the test vessels the homogeneity of the test population was being determined by individually weighing of worms sampled randomly from the synchronized population, having ensured homogeneity, batches of worms were then selected, weighed and assigned to test vessels using a randomisation procedure.
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Approximately 24 hours in the artificial substrate - Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 8 wk
- Remarks:
- 4 weeks adult mortality; 4 weeks juvenile development
- Test temperature:
- 18 - 21 °C
- pH:
- - Test start: 6.2 - 6.3
- Test end: 5.9 - 6.0 - Moisture:
- - Test start: 34.8 - 35.2% (equivalent to 56.9- 57.5% of WHC)
- Test end: 34.4 - 34.9% (equivalent to 56.2 - 57.0% of WHC) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test container: Plastic vessel (18.3 cm x 13.6 cm x 6.4 cm) with a lid which is pervious to air and light
- Amount of soil or substrate: Approximately 751 g wet weight
- No. of organisms per container: 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 8
SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE
- Details of the subtrate preparation see 'Details on preparation and application of test substrate'
- Peat: 10% sphagnum peat
- Clay: 20% kaolinite clay
- Calcium carbonate: 0.4% calcium carbonate
- Sand: 69.6 % industrial quartz sand
- WHCmax: 61.2 %
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 hours light and 8 hours darkness
- Light intensity: 590 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED
Behaviour (worms on the soil surface) and feeding activity were assessed during each feeding in weekly intervals. During assessment of the feeding activity the percentage of manure consumed per replicate was determined visually. The water content of the soil was checked weekly by reweighing of the test vessels. Water loss was compensated, if necessary. After four weeks, the adult worms were removed from the test vessels. The number of surviving worms (adult mortality) and their biomass change were determined, behaviour (including feeding activity) and pathological symptoms were recorded. The adult worms were discarded after counting and weighing. Subsequently, the soil of each vessel was mixed carefully with 5 g manure. This was the last feeding occasion during experiment. The test was then continued for another four weeks. The final assessment included counting of surviving juveniles per test vessel, determination of the water content and pH measurements of the artificial soil. Juveniles were counted by manual inspection of the substrate.
The following parameters were studied during the test:
At test started :
- individual fresh weight (mg/worm)
- behaviour of earthworms
- determination of physico-chemical parameters of the artificial soil (water content, pH)
Weekly:
- observation of behavioural and pathological symptoms (including feeding activity)
4 weeks after test start:
- number of surviving adult earthworms per replicate
- observation of behavioural and pathological symptoms
- fresh weight of surviving adult earthworms per replicate
8 weeks after test start:
- number of surviving juveniles per replicate
- observation of behavioural and pathological symptoms
- morphological alterations
- determination of physico-chemical parameters (water content, pH) - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- - Nominal concentration: 0 (negative control), 5, 10, 17, 27, 37 mg cation/kg soil dw.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 8 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 69.1 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: Mortality, behaviour, biomass and reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: Recalculated value, expressed as pure substance, see ‘Any other information on results incl. tables’ for respective calculation
- Duration:
- 8 wk
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 37 mg/kg soil dw
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Remarks:
- cation
- Basis for effect:
- other: Mortality, behaviour, biomass and reproduction
- Remarks on result:
- other: Original value presented in study
- Details on results:
- An overview of the results is provided in Table 1 and Table 2 in ‘Any other information on results incl. tables’.
No mortality (0 %) occurred in the control group. The test item caused no mortality at any tested concentration after 4 weeks. No effects on behaviour (including feeding activity) of the worms were observed during the test. The test item caused no statistically significant change in biomass (change in fresh weight after 4 weeks relative to initial fresh weight) compared to the control group at all the concentrations tested, i.e. a weight increase of 17.9, 19.6, 16.5, 19.0, 17.2 and 15.3 % was recorded in the control group and at concentrations of 5, 10, 17, 27 and 37 mg cation/kg soil d.w., respectively. No statistically significant effects (DUNNETT-Test, p > 0.05) on the number of juveniles compared to the control group were recorded at any concentration tested.
The NOEC was determined to be 37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight. The EC50 could not be calculated, but it can be concluded that the EC50 is higher than 37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The statistical analysis was performed with the software. The Dunnett-test was used to compare the control with the independent test item groups. For statistical evaluation of the biomass change, the changed mean fresh weight of surviving worms per replicate was used.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The NOEC was determined to be 37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight.
- Executive summary:
A laboratory study was conduced to determine the chronic toxicity of the test substance to soil earthworm (Eisenia foetida). The study was based on OECD TG 222 and in compliance with GLP criteria. The study was performed with five test concentrations (5, 10, 17, 27 and 37 mg cation/kg soil) and a control group. Each test concentration had four replicates and the control had 8 replicates. Ten worms were used in each of the replicate. Thus, in total there were 40 organisms per test concentration and 80 organisms in the control. The test substrate was an artificial soil prepared with 69.6% industrial quartz sand, 20% kaolinite clay, 10% sphagnum peat and 0.4% calcium carbonate. There was34.4 - 35.2 % water content in the soil during the test.The test was conduced under 590 lux light intensity (16 hours on and 8 hours darkness), at a temperature of 18 - 21 °C and pH 5.9 – 6.3. The exposure period was 8 weeks (4 weeks to for adult mortality study and 4 weeks for juvenile development study). The behaviour and pathological symptoms of the earthworms (including feeding activity) were observed weekly, the survival of the adult and juveniles worms were recorded after 4 weeks exposure, and the morphological alterations of the juveniles were studied after 8 weeks exposure.
No mortality (0 %) occurred in the control group. The test item caused no mortality at any tested concentration after 4 weeks. No effects on behaviour (including feeding activity) of the worms were observed during the test.The test item caused no statistically significant change in biomass (change in fresh weight after 4 weeks relative to initial fresh weight) compared to the control group at all the concentrations tested, i.e. a weight increase of 17.9, 19.6, 16.5, 19.0, 17.2 and 15.3 % was recorded in the control group and at concentrations of 5, 10, 17, 27 and 37 mg cation/kg soil d.w., respectively.No statistically significant effects (Dunnet-Test, p > 0.05) on the number of juveniles compared to the control group were recorded at any concentration tested.
The EC50 could not be calculated, but it can be concluded that the EC50 is >37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight. The NOEC was determined to be 37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 2. Test concentration and observed effects in 14 days exposition
Identification |
Test concentration (mg a.i. (as cation) /kg soil) |
Observed effects - 14 days (Dead/live) |
|||
Replication 1 |
Replication 2 |
Replication 3 |
Replication 4 |
||
A |
- |
0/10 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
B |
35.17 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
0/10 |
C |
73.9 |
8/2 |
8/2 |
0/10 |
4/6 |
D |
149.28 |
6/4 |
9/1 |
5/5 |
6/4 |
E |
295.98 |
9/1 |
9/1 |
8/2 |
10/0 |
F |
587.19 |
10/0 |
9/1 |
9/1 |
8/2 |
Calculation of key result
The original effect levels were expressed as cation species of the registered substance. The key effect levels are re-calculated and corrected to include the counterion species by multiplying with 1.868 (344.0 g/mol molecular weight of registered substance divided by 184.2 g/mol molecular weight of cation species).:
1.868 x 94.33 mg cation/kg soil dw = 176.21 mg registered substance/kg soil dw
Table 1 Effects of the test substance on growth (biomass increase during 4 weeks exposure) of adult earthworms.
Replicate |
Initial fresh weight / worm (mg) (Mean per replicate) |
|||||
1 |
357.8 |
364.0 |
363.8 |
364.9 |
367.1 |
362.1 |
2 |
370.4 |
371.6 |
380.7 |
368.9 |
372.2 |
376.7 |
3 |
387.2 |
389.9 |
381.8 |
384.6 |
381.9 |
388.1 |
4 |
404.8 |
390.8 |
392.4 |
392.9 |
392.2 |
392 |
5 |
352 |
|||||
6 |
379.4 |
|||||
7 |
382.5 |
|||||
8 |
393.7 |
|||||
Mean |
378.5 |
379.1 |
379.7 |
377.8 |
378.4 |
379.7 |
SD |
17.8 |
13.4 |
11.8 |
13.2 |
11.1 |
13.4 |
cv % |
4.7 |
3.5 |
3.1 |
3.5 |
2.9 |
3.5 |
Initial fresh weight / Worm (mg) after 4 weeks (Mean per replicate) |
||||||
1 |
444.2 |
428 |
429.6 |
469.5 |
466.9 |
406.7 |
2 |
424.1 |
449.3 |
415 |
441.8 |
414.6 |
438.3 |
3 |
425.9 |
458.6 |
462.6 |
430.8 |
446.3 |
450.2 |
4 |
454.4 |
478.5 |
461.8 |
454.8 |
445.2 |
457.4 |
5 |
423.7 |
|||||
6 |
441 |
|||||
7 |
462.1 |
|||||
8 |
490.2 |
|||||
Mean |
445.7 |
453.6 |
442.3 |
449.2 |
443.3 |
438.2 |
SD |
23 |
21 |
23.8 |
16.7 |
21.6 |
22.4 |
cv % |
5.2 |
4.6 |
5.4 |
3.7 |
4.9 |
5.1 |
Biomass change (change in fresh weight after 4 weeks relative to initial fresh weight) weight / worm [mg] (mean per replicate) |
||||||
1 |
86.4 |
64 |
65.8 |
104.6 |
99.8 |
44.6 |
2 |
53.7 |
77.7 |
34.3 |
72.9 |
42.4 |
61.6 |
3 |
38.7 |
68.7 |
80.8 |
46.2 |
64.4 |
62.1 |
4 |
49.6 |
87.7 |
69.4 |
61.9 |
53 |
65.4 |
5 |
71.7 |
|||||
6 |
61.6 |
|||||
7 |
79.6 |
|||||
8 |
96.5 |
|||||
Mean |
67.2 |
74.5 |
62.6 |
71.4 |
64.9 |
58.4 |
SD |
19.8 |
10.5 |
19.9 |
24.7 |
24.9 |
9.4 |
Biomass change (change in fresh weight after 4 weeks relative to initial fresh weight) % (mean per replicate) |
||||||
1 |
24.1 |
17.6 |
18.1 |
28.7 |
27.2 |
12.3 |
2 |
14.5 |
20.9 |
9 |
19.8 |
11.4 |
16.4 |
3 |
10 |
17.6 |
21.2 |
12 |
16.9 |
16 |
4 |
12.3 |
22.4 |
17.7 |
15.8 |
13.5 |
16.7 |
5 |
20.4 |
|||||
6 |
16.2 |
|||||
7 |
20.8 |
|||||
8 |
24.5 |
|||||
Mean |
17.9 |
19.6 |
16.5 |
19 |
17.2 |
15.3 |
SD: Standard deviation cv%: coefficient of variantion
Table 2.Effects of the test substance on mortality of adult earthworms and reproduction
Treatment group (mg cation/kg soil dw) |
Conrtol |
5 |
10 |
17 |
27 |
37 |
Replicate |
Number of surviving adult worms per replicate (4 weeks after test initiation) Replicate |
|||||
1 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
2 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
3 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
4 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
5 |
10 |
|||||
6 |
10 |
|||||
7 |
10 |
|||||
8 |
10 |
|||||
mean |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
10 |
SD |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
cv% |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Mortality (%): |
||||||
mean |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Number of juvenile worms per replicate |
||||||
1 |
98 |
129 |
127 |
96 |
135 |
89 |
2 |
113 |
104 |
117 |
101 |
122 |
118 |
3 |
86 |
83 |
103 |
110 |
108 |
120 |
4 |
116 |
112 |
67 |
132 |
75 |
96 |
5 |
92 |
|||||
6 |
135 |
|||||
7 |
124 |
|||||
8 |
104 |
|||||
mean |
108.5 |
107 |
103.5 |
109.8 |
110 |
105.8 |
SD |
16.6 |
19.1 |
26.2 |
15.9 |
25.8 |
15.6 |
cv% |
15.3 |
17.8 |
25.4 |
14.5 |
23.5 |
14.7 |
Change of reproduction [%] |
||||||
% to control |
- |
-1.4 |
-4.6 |
1.2 |
1.4 |
-2.5 |
SD: Standard deviation cv%: coefficient of variantion
Calculation of key result
The original effect levels were expressed as cation species of the registered substance. The key effect levels are re-calculated and corrected to include the counterion species by multiplying with 1.868 (344.0 g/mol molecular weight of registered substance divided by 184.2 g/mol molecular weight of cation species).:
1.868 x 37 mg cation/kg soil dw = 69.1 mg registeretd substance/kg soil dw
Description of key information
14-d LC50 = 176.21 mg pure test substance/kg soil dw, mortality, Eisenia foetida, OECD TG 207, Bender 2006
56-d NOEC = 69.1 mg pure test substance/kg soil dw, reproduction, Eisenia foetida, OECD TG 222, Friedrich 2007
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Short-term EC50 or LC50 for soil macroorganisms:
- 176.21 mg/kg soil dw
- Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil macroorganisms:
- 69.1 mg/kg soil dw
Additional information
Short-term, 14-days
The acute toxicity of the test substance to soil earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was studied under GLP to OECD TG 207. A total of 40 organisms per concentration and control was exposed in an artificial soil prepared with 70% sand, 20% kaolin and 10% peat over a period of 14 days. A dose-dependent increase in mortality was seen in the other treatment groups, reaching a maximum of 90% at 295.98 and 587.19 mg cation/kg soil dw, respectively. The 14-day LC50 was determined to be 94.33 mg cation/kg of soil dw (equivalent to 176.21 mg pure test substance/kg soil dw).
Chronic, 56 days
The chronic toxicity of the test substance to soil earthworm (Eisenia foetida) was studied under GLP to OECD TG 222. A total of 40 organisms per test concentration and 80 organisms in the control (10 per replicate) were used. The test substrate was an artificial soil prepared with 69.6% industrial quartz sand, 20% kaolinite clay, 10% sphagnum peat and 0.4% calcium carbonate with 34.4-35.2% water content in the soil during the test. No mortality occurred in the control group. The test item caused no mortality at any tested concentration after 4 weeks. No effects on behaviour (including feeding activity) of the worms were observed during the test. The test item caused no statistically significant change in biomass (change in fresh weight after 4 weeks relative to initial fresh weight) compared to the control group. No statistically significant effects (Dunnett-Test, p > 0.05) on the number of juveniles compared to the control group were recorded at any concentration tested. The long-term NOEC was determined to be 37 mg cation/kg soil dry weight (equivalent to 69.1 mg pure test substance/kg soil dry weight).
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