Cyclopropanemethanol, 1-methyl-2-[(1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hex-3-yl)methyl]-

Biodegradation in water: screening tests

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

September to December 1997

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Javanol
- Physical state: Pale yellow viscous liquid
- Analytical purity: 88.4% (GC, sum of two peaks)
- Lot/batch No.: 008825

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

Fresh activated sludge from a biological wate water treatment plant treating predominantly domestic sewage (City of Geneva) was used. The sludge is collected in the morning, washed three times in the mineral medium and kept aerobic until being used on the same day.

Duration of test (contact time):

38 d

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

Performance of the test: Everyday the oxygen consumption of each flask is recorded and correct temperature and stirring are checked.
At the end of the test period, the pH of each flask was measured again.

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Test performance:

Everyday the oxygen consumption of each flask is recorded and correct temperature and stirring are checked.

At the end of the test period (normally 28 days), the pH of each flask is measured again.

The respirometer used during this studywas SAPROMAT D 12 (Voith, Heidenheim, DE).

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

38 d

Results with reference substance:

Degradation observed for the Reference Substance (Sodium Benzoate) was :
86% degradation by Day 7, and
94% egradation by Day 14

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 38 days under the test conditions.
Thus, Javanol should be regarded as not readily biodegradable according to this test.
The curves obtained with the reference substance alone and with Javanol + reference substance show no toxic effect of Javanol on the micro-organisms at the test concentration tested.

Executive summary:

The ready biodegradability of Javanol was determined by the manometric respirometry test according to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, method No. 301F.

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 38 days in the test conditions.

Thus, Javanol should be regarded as not readily biodegradable according to this test.

At the concentration used in the test (100 mg/l), Javanol is not inhibitory to the micro-organisms.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: inherent biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

1997

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 302 C (Inherent Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (II))

GLP compliance:

yes

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): Javanol
- Physical state: Pale yellow viscous liquid
- Analytical purity: 88.4% (GC, sum of two peaks)
- Lot/batch No.: 008825

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted

Details on inoculum:

Fresh activated sludge from a biological waste water treatment plant treating predominantly domestic sewage (City of Geneva) was used. The sludge is collected in the morning, washed three times in the mineral medium and kept aerobic until being used on the same day.

Duration of test (contact time):

48 d

Initial conc.:

30 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Details on study design:

Performance of the test: The oxygen consumption of each flask is automatically recorded by the BI-1000 during the whole test duration. Correct temperature and stirring are regularly checked visually. At the end of the test period, the pH of each flask was measured.

The respirometer used during this study was a BI-1000 (BioScience Inc., Bethlehem, PA, USA).

Reference substance:

benzoic acid, sodium salt

Remarks:

Degradation of the Reference Substance (Sodium Benzoate) : 83% by Day 5 87% by Day 7 and 97% by Day 14.

Test performance:

The oxygen consumption of each flask is automatically recorded by the BI-1000 during the whole test duration. Correct temperature and stirring are regularly checked visually. At the end of the test period, the pH of each flask is measured.

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

48 d

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Results with reference substance:

Degradation of the Reference Substance (Sodium Benzoate) :
83% by Day 5
87% by Day 7 and
97% by Day 14.

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not inherently biodegradable

Conclusions:

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 48 days under the test conditions.
The negative biodegradation levels could be interpreted in terms of toxicity of Javanol to the inoculum. However, a previous test (97E78) showed that, at a higher concentration (100 mg/l) Javanol was not inhibitory to activated sludge microorganisms. Hence, the effect presently observed cannot be assigned to toxicity as a general property of Javanol.
Thus, Javanol should be regarded as not inherently biodegradable according to this test.

Executive summary:

The inherent biodegradability of Javanol was determined by the manometric respirometry test according to the OECD Guidelines for testing of chemicals, method No. 302C.

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 48 days in the test conditions.

The negative biodegradation levels could be interpreted in terms of toxicity of Javanol to the inoculum. However, a previous test (97-E78) showed that, at a higher concentration (100 mg/l) Javanol was not inhibitory to activated sludge microorganisms. Hence, the effect presently observed canot be assigned to toxicity as a general property of Javanol.

Thus, Javanol should be regarded as not inherently biodegradable according to this test.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

supporting study

Study period:

05 September, 2012 - 12 February, 2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 301 C (Ready Biodegradability: Modified MITI Test (I))

Version / remarks:

17 July, 1992

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

JAVANOL :
Lot Number : VE00182094
Purity : 94.4% (all other components and impurities at < 1%)
Date of Expiry : 19 January, 2014

Oxygen conditions:

aerobic

Inoculum or test system:

mixture of sewage, soil and natural water

Remarks:

On-site sludge sampling carried out at 10 locations (surface water, surface soil of rivers, lakes and inland sea, return sludges from sewage plants.

Details on inoculum:

On-site sludge sampling carried out at 10 locations (surface water, surface soil of rivers, lakes and inland sea, return sludges from sewage plants.

Activated sludge was prepared and controlled in this laboratory. The inoculum used in this study was sampled during July 2012. The activated sludge was cultivated for 18.5 hours following the addition of the synthetic sewage. The synthetic sewage was prepared according to the following method : glucose, peptone and potassium dihydrogenphosphate were dissolved in purified water and the pH of the solution adjusted to 7.0 +/- 1.0.

Duration of test (contact time):

28 d

Initial conc.:

100 mg/L

Based on:

test mat.

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

O2 consumption

Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:

test mat. analysis

Reference substance:

aniline

Remarks:

Lot No. : TLQ5022; Purity : 99.7%; Date of Expiry : 09 February, 2013

Key result

Parameter:

% degradation (O2 consumption)

Value:

0

Sampling time:

28 d

Parameter:

% degradation (test mat. analysis)

Value:

8

Sampling time:

28 d

Remarks on result:

other: The test item underwent partial primary degradation and formed 8% of the corresponding Carboxylic Acid metabolite.

Details on results:

No biodegradation was observed during the 28 day study period based on Oxygen Consumption.

Through substances specific analytics, an average of 8% (n=3, range 6 - 11%) of the initial dose was transformed to the corresponding Carboxylic Acidmetabolite of the Parent. Mass balance in the Sludge + Test Item incubates was between 100 and 102% of the initially applied dose.

No transformation of JAVANOL was observed in the Abiotic sample, which gave a mass balance of 102 %.

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Metabolite : 1-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)methyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid.
Also synonymous with the substance code GR-72-3153.

Results with reference substance:

Percentage biodegradation of Aniline by BOD was :
- On Day 7 : 83%
- On Day 14 94%

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Interpretation of results:

not readily biodegradable

Conclusions:

No biodegradation was observed during the 28 day study period based on Oxygen Consumption.

Through substances specific analytics, an average of 8% (n=3, range 6 - 11%) of the initial dose was transformed to the corresponding Carboxylic Acidmetabolite of the Parent. Mass balance in the Sludge + Test Item incubates was between 100 and 102% of the initially applied dose.

No transformation of JAVANOL was observed in the Abiotic sample, which gave a mass balance of 102 %.

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Metabolite : 1-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)methyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid.
Also synonymous with the substance code GR-72-3153.

Description of key information

JAVANOL is not Readily nor Inherently biodegradable under the conditions of OECD 301F and 302 C screening studies, respectively.

In an OECD 301C limited priamry degradation to the corresponding Carboxylic Acid metabolite (-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)methyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid) was observed.

Ready Biodegradability :

The ready biodegradability of Javanol was determined by the manometric respirometry test according to the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals, method No. 301F.

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 38 days in the test conditions.

Thus, Javanol should be regarded as not readily biodegradable according to this test.

At the concentration used in the test (100 mg/l), Javanol is not inhibitory to the micro-organisms.

In a further study performed under OECD 301C test conditions, no biodegradation was observed during the 28 day study period based on Oxygen Consumption.

Through substances specific analytics, an average of 8% (n=3, range 6 - 11%) of the initial dose was transformed to the corresponding Carboxylic Acidmetabolite of the Parent. Mass balance in the Sludge + Test Item incubates was between 100 and 102% of the initially applied dose.

No transformation of JAVANOL was observed in the Abiotic sample, which gave a mass balance of 102 %.

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Metabolite : 1-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)methyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid. 

Inherent Biodegradability :

The inherent biodegradability of Javanol was determined by the manometric respirometry test according to the OECD Guidelines for testing of chemicals, method No. 302C.

Javanol undergoes no biodegradation after 48 days in the test conditions.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Biodegradation in water:

under test conditions no biodegradation observed

Type of water:

freshwater

Additional information

JAVANOL is not Readily nor Inherently biodegradable under the conditions of OECD 301F and 302 C screening studies, respectively.

In an OECD 301C limited priamry degradation to the corresponding Carboxylic Acid metabolite (-methyl-2-((1,2,2-trimethylbicyclo[3.1.0]hexan-3-yl)methyl)cyclopropane carboxylic acid) was observed

.