2-benzylideneheptanal

Toxicity to microorganisms

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

toxicity to microorganisms, other

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

data from handbook or collection of data

Justification for type of information:

Data is from peer reviewed journal.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Refer below principle

Principles of method if other than guideline:

The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical alpha amyl cinnamaldehyde was observed on Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66, Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) for exposure period of 24 hrs.

GLP compliance:

not specified

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): alpha-Amyl cinnamaldehyde
- Molecular formula : C14H18O
- Molecular weight : 202.2952g/mole
- Smiles notation : c1(\C=C(\CCCCC)C=O)ccccc1
- InChl : 1S/C14H18O/c1-2-3-5-10-14(12-15)11-13-8-6-4-7-9-13/h4,6-9,11-12H,2-3,5,10H2,1H3/b14-11-
- substance type: organic
- physical state: liquid

Analytical monitoring:

not specified

Details on sampling:

Sampling method:
Muller Hinton agar medium in culture dishes (35*10mm) was used for the measurement of MIC. Various concentrations of fragrance materials were prepared in ethyl alcohol or DMSO depending on the solubility of the materials. The bacteria tested were pre-propagated with sensitivity test broth of NISSUI using shaking culture. The incubated mediums were diluted by 0.75% physiological saline to the microbial concentration of 106CFU/ml. In the Muller Hinton agar medium containing fragrance material, 0.1ml of diluted culture solution was inoculated. MIC was determined as the concentration where no growth was observed after 24hrs at 37°C.

Vehicle:

yes

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant):dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).

Test organisms (species):

other: Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66,Staphylococ cus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC))

Details on inoculum:

Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66,Staphylococ cus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) from the Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania.

Test type:

not specified

Water media type:

freshwater

Total exposure duration:

24 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

No data

Post exposure observation period:

No data

Hardness:

No data

Test temperature:

No data

pH:

No data

Dissolved oxygen:

No data

Salinity:

No data

Conductivity:

No data

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
Test vessel: Agar plates
No. of organisms per vessel: microbial concentration of 106CFU/ml

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

other: MIC

Effect conc.:

> 2 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Remarks on result:

other: effects conc. at inoculum 105CFU/plate for Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Staphylococ cus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) species

Key result

Duration:

24 h

Dose descriptor:

other: MIC

Effect conc.:

1 000 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

meas. (not specified)

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth inhibition

Remarks on result:

other: Effect concentration at inoculum of 10 6 CFU/Plate for Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66

Details on results:

No data

Results with reference substance (positive control):

No data

Reported statistics and error estimates:

No data

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Staphylococ cus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) micro organisms species was >2000 mg/l, and for Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66 was 1000 mg/l (inoculum 105CFU/plate) after 24 hours exposure to alpha amyl cinnamaldehyde.

Executive summary:

The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical Benzyl phenylacetate was observed on Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66, Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) for exposure period of 24 hrs. Muller Hinton agar medium in culture dishes (35*10mm) was used for the measurement of MIC. Various concentrations of fragrance materials were prepared in ethyl alcohol or DMSO depending on the solubility of the materials. The bacteria tested were pre-propagated with sensitivity test broth of NISSUI using shaking culture. The incubated medium were diluted by 0.75% physiological saline to the microbial concentration of 10⁶CFU/ml. In the Muller Hinton agar medium containing fragrance material, 0.1ml of diluted culture solution was inoculated. MIC was determined as the concentration where no growth was observed after 24hrs at 37°C.

The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Staphylococ cus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) micro organisms species was >2000 mg/l, and for Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66 was 1000 mg/l  (inoculum 105CFU/plate) after 24 hours exposure to alpha amyl cinnamaldehyde.

Description of key information

The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical Benzyl phenyl acetate was observed on Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66, Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) for exposure period of 24 hrs. Muller Hinton agar medium in culture dishes (35*10mm) was used for the measurement of MIC. Various concentrations of fragrance materials were prepared in ethyl alcohol or DMSO depending on the solubility of the materials. The bacteria tested were pre-propagated with sensitivity test broth of NISSUI using shaking culture. The incubated medium were diluted by 0.75% physiological saline to the microbial concentration of 106CFU/ml. In the Muller Hinton agar medium containing fragrance material, 0.1ml of diluted culture solution was inoculated. MIC was determined as the concentration where no growth was observed after 24hrs at 37°C. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM), Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) microorganisms species was >2000 mg/l, and for Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66 was 1000 mg/l  (inoculum 105CFU/plate) after 24 hours exposure to alpha amyl cinnamaldehyde.

Additional information

Based on the various experimental data and predicted data for the target chemical and RA chemicals have been reviewed to determine the toxic nature of α-Amylcinnamaldehyde, (2-benzylideneheptanal) 122-40-7 on the microorganisms, by using the read across chemicals RA 104-55-2 cinnamaldehyde and predicted data from QSAR toolbox version 3.4. The studies are as mentioned below:

Experiment according to the key study (1993), for α-Amylcinnamaldehyde, 122-40-7,The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical Benzyl phenyl acetate was observed on Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM),Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66, Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) for exposure period of 24 hrs. Muller Hinton agar medium in culture dishes (35*10mm) was used for the measurement of MIC. Various concentrations of fragrance materials were prepared in ethyl alcohol or DMSO depending on the solubility of the materials. The bacteria tested were pre-propagated with sensitivity test broth of NISSUI using shaking culture. The incubated medium were diluted by 0.75% physiological saline to the microbial concentration of 106CFU/ml. In the Muller Hinton agar medium containing fragrance material, 0.1ml of diluted culture solution was inoculated. MIC was determined as the concentration where no growth was observed after 24hrs at 37°C.

The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Corynebacterium minutissimum (CM), Staphylococcus aureus (IAM-1011, (SA)),Staphylococcus epidermidis var. (SE) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 11775, (EC)) microorganisms species was >2000 mg/l, and for Arthrobacter sp. isolated from Lipo-66 was 1000 mg/l  (inoculum 105CFU/plate) after 24 hours exposure to alpha amyl cinnamaldehyde.

 

Similarly in the another supporting study as per the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 for the target chemicalα-Amylcinnamaldehyde (122-40-7), Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.4 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the five closest read across substances, toxicity on microorganisms was predicted for alpha-Amyl cinnamaldehyde (CAS: 122-40-7). IGC50 value was estimated to be 15mg/l when alpha-Amyl cinnamaldehyde was exposed to Tetrahymena pyriformis for 48 hours.

 

By considering another study for the RA chemical Cinnamaldehyde (104-55-2), 2009 The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical Cinnamaldehyde was observed on E. coli CGMCC 1.487 for exposure period of 24 hrs. By using Broth macro-dilution assay. 3200, 1600, 800, 400, 200, and 100 mg/L concentrations of chemical was added to MHB to obtain a stock solution of 3200 mg/L with Tween-80 as emulsifier culture Was maintained on Mueller–Hinton agar (MHA) (Beijing Chemical Corp., Beijing, China) slants at 4 ◦C. Cells were prepared by 16-h culture in Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB) (Beijing Chemical Corp.) at 37 ◦C. A 16-h culture was diluted with MHB, inoculum 1 × 106CFU/mL was added. The Minimum Inhibition (MIC) effect of test chemical Cinnamaldehyde on E. coli CGMCC 1.487 was 400mg/l.