1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

Toxicity to terrestrial plants

Administrative data

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

other information

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study with acceptable restrictions

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Phytotoxicity studies with Lactuca sativa in soil and nutrient solution

Author:

Hulzebos EM, Adema DMM, Dirven-van Breemen, Henzen L, van Dis, WA, Herbold, HA, Hoekstra JA, Baerselman, R, van Gestel CAM

Year:

1993

Bibliographic source:

Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 12 (6): 1079-1094

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 208 (Terrestrial Plants Test: Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Additional semistatic experiments with the nutrient solutions were carried out

GLP compliance:

not specified

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

EC Number:

201-757-1

EC Name:

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

Cas Number:

87-61-6

Molecular formula:

C6H3Cl3

IUPAC Name:

1,2,3-trichlorobenzene

Details on test material:

purity: >= 95%

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

- soil: analytical monitoring took place at the start and at the end of the test
- nutrient solution: analytical monitoring took place at the start of the test and just before the next replacement of the test solution

Test substrate

Vehicle:

yes

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- all chlorobenzenes were either dissolved in acetone and/or mixed with a small amount of quartz sand
- the compound was mixed through the soil using the quartz sand as a carrier

Study design

Test type:

early seedling growth toxicity test

Study type:

laboratory study

Substrate type:

natural soil

Limit test:

no

Remarks:

soil: 14 days, nutrient solution: 16 d

Test conditions

Test temperature:

21+/-4 °C

pH:

7.5

Moisture:

soil experiment: 25-30% moisture content (80% of the water-holding capacity)

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facilities:
a) National Institute of Public Health and Environmental Protection (RIVM), Bilthoven, NL
b) Institute of Environmental Science (TNO), Delft, NL
- Test container (type, material, size): 0.25-L plastic trays
- Amount of soil: 400g
- No. of seeds per container: 10
- No. of plants (retained after thinning): 5
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 2 (for control and for at least three test concentrations)

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: no data
- Collection procedures: no data
- Soil texture (if natural soil)
- % clay: RIVM: 24; TNO: 12
- % organic matter content: RIVM: 1.8; TNO: 1.4
- Pretreatment of soil: sieved 4-mm before test start
- Storage (condition, duration): no data

NUTRIENT MEDIUM (if used)
- according to Steiner (1968)

GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16:8 h light:dark
- Light source: fluorescent tubes
- Light intensity and quality: 6,500 lx
- Relative humidity (%): 40-80
- other: trays were covered with glass plates until germination of seedlings
- Watering regime and schedules:
- Water source/type: demineralized water
- Volume applied: no data
- Interval of applications: daily
- Method of application: no data

Nominal and measured concentrations:

soil experiment: nominal concentrations in µg/g dry soil were spaced by a factor of 3.2,
nutrient solution experiment: nominal concentrations in mg/L were spaced by a factor of 3.2

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

> 1 - < 3.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: result from RIVM-test facility

Effect concentrations 2

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

1 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 0.2-5, result from RIVM-test facility

Effect concentrations 3

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

5.8 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 4.5-7.4, result from TNO-test facility

Effect concentrations 4

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

14 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

3.8 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 3.4-4.2; result from TNO-test facility

Effect concentrations 5

Species:

Lactuca sativa

Duration:

16 d

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

0.028 other: mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

growth

Remarks on result:

other: 95% CL: 0.022-0.036, nutrient solution, result from TNO-test facility

Any other information on results incl. tables

Due to the fact that the presented tests were not carried out according to the EU-TGD the results need to be recalculated for a standard soil that contains 3.4% organic matter:

 

	Reported (mg/kg dw)	Recalculated (mg/kg dw)
Lactuca sativa : 7-day EC50; RIVM	>1 - <3.2	>1.9 - <6.0
Lactuca sativa : 14-day EC50; RIVM	1 (0.2-5)	1.9 (0.4-9.4)
Lactuca sativa : 7-day EC50; TNO	5.8 (4.5-7.4)	14.1 (10.9-18)
Lactuca sativa : 14-day EC50; TNO	3.8 (3.4-4.2)	9.2 (8.3-10.2)