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Short-term toxicity to fish

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Reference
Endpoint:
short-term toxicity to fish
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Analytical monitoring:
yes
Details on sampling:
Four samples were taken from the freshly prepared control and test media at 0 and 72 hours, respectively. Four samples were taken from the expired control and test media at 24 and 96 hours.
Samples were stored frozen until analysis.
Vehicle:
no
Details on test solutions:
PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: water accommodated fraction (WAF)
The test material was dispersed in dechlorinated water in a glass aspirator at a nominal concentration of 100 mg/L. The contents were stirred for approximately 24 hours and then left to stand for approximately 24 hours in the dark. An aliquot was then removed from the mid-vessel region to provide the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Test organisms (species):
Oncorhynchus mykiss (previous name: Salmo gairdneri)
Details on test organisms:
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: rainbow trout
- Source:commercial fish farm in the UK
- Length at study initiation: 5.85 cm (mean total length)
- Weight at study initiation: 1.64 g (mean wet weight)
- Feeding during test: none

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 14 days
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: commercial fish food (TROUW (UK) Ltd. Nutra Fry 02); amount equivalent to 1% of the total wet-weight of fish in the holding tank; no food was given during the 24-hour period immediately before exposure.
- Health during acclimation: no medication, no mortality
Test type:
semi-static
Water media type:
freshwater
Limit test:
yes
Total exposure duration:
96 h
Hardness:
170 mg/L as CaCO3
Test temperature:
14 ± 1 °C, constant to within ± 1°C during the study
pH:
7.8-8.3
Dissolved oxygen:
90-103% air saturation value
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal loading rate: 100 mg test material/L as WAF
mean measured TOC levels (after background correction):
in fresh media: 42.3-45.4 mg C/L (control mean: 1.2-1.4 mg C/L)
in expired media (24 h): 42.9-47.6 mg C/L (control mean: 1.5-1.8 mg C/L)
overall geometric mean value: 44.2 mg C/L
Details on test conditions:
TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass aquaria, containing 20 litres of medium to a depth of 19 cm.
- Type: open
- Aeration: yes
- Renewal rate of test solution: daily
- No. of organisms per vessel: 10 (During the test, one fish was found outside of the control vessel at 24 hours; this animal was removed from the study data so the number of fish exposed in the control vessel was nine.)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 1
- Biomass loading rate: 0.82 g body weight/L

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: laboratory tap water, dechlorinated and softened by passage through a water purification system consisting of activated carbon filter, water softener and reverse osmosis treatment.
Total organic carbon: 1.2-1.4 mg C/L
- Culture medium different from test medium: no

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light : 8 hours dark with periods of subdued lighting at the beginning and end of each light phase

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality and sub-lethal effects; recorded at approx. 2, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours

TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: not applicable (limit test)
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: nominal loading rates 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no mortality or sub-lethal effects were noted after 96 hours
Reference substance (positive control):
not required
Key result
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
LL50
Effect conc.:
> 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
mortality (fish)
Remarks on result:
other: results are expressed in terms of loading rates
Duration:
96 h
Dose descriptor:
NOELR
Effect conc.:
>= 100 mg/L
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
test mat.
Basis for effect:
other: mortality and sub-lethal effects
Remarks on result:
other: results are expressed in terms of loading rates
Details on results:
- Other biological observations: none
- Mortality of control: zero
- Other adverse effects control: none

The test medium was a off-white hazy dispersion.
Reported statistics and error estimates:
The “no observed effect loading rate” (NOELR) was derived by direct inspection of the data for lethal and sub-lethal effects. An incidence rate of more than 10% was considered to be significant.
Validity criteria fulfilled:
yes
Remarks:
mortality of control animals <10%; concentration of dissolved oxygen in all test vessels >60% saturation

Description of key information

96-h LC50 (based on loading rates) >100 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss (OECD TG 203, EU C.1)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

LC50 for freshwater fish: > 100 mg/L
The results indicate that the test material is not toxic to fish up to the limits of its water solubility and a NOEC and thus a PNEC cannot be determined.