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EC number: 239-198-0 | CAS number: 15137-09-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From October 08 to 12, 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling method: 400 mg test item/L was freshly prepared with dilution water. The dispersion was agitated until the solution was visually clear. The stock solution was diluted to obtain the required test item concentrations
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: HINDÁK, CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAMS Research Services Ltd, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory- Dunbeg, OBAN; Argyll PA37 1QA; Scotland, UK
- Method of cultivation at test facility: fresh stocks are prepared every month on Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted to 2590 - 5180 lux corresponding to 35 - 70 µE ∙ m-2 ∙ s-1 for 24 hours per day
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Nutrient medium Z according to LÜTTGE et al. (1994); - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 - 24°C, controlled at ± 2°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 10.2 - 25.6 - 64.0 - 160 - 400 mg/L (nominal concentration)
0.0171 – 0.0617 – 0.157 – 0.140 – 0.220 mg/L (geometric mean measured cobalt concentrations) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Sterile glass Erlenmeyer flasks, volume: 250 mL
- Test volume: 100 ml
- Initial cells density: approximately 5 x 103 - 104 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 6442 cells/mL
- No. of organisms per vessel:
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes. EDTA was not included in the medium in order to avoid interferences with the test item
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: 24 hours/day light
- Light intensity and quality: Approximately 4440 to 8880 lux, corresponding to 60 to 120 µE*m-2*s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Chlorophyll measurement: the cell density was measured daily via Chlorophyll a-fluorescence, excitation at 436 nm, emission at 685 nm. Dilution water was used as a background signal. No self-fluorescence was found in the definitive test at the concentration of 400 mg/L.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.5
Range finding study
- Test concentrations:0.100 - 1.00 - 10.0 – 100 mg/L (nominal). The measured concentrations were below the lowest calibration level (0.002 mg/L) in all test concentrations. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 400 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 235 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- The EC50-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were > 400 mg/L [0.220 mg Co2+/L] and 235 (138 - 363) mg/L [0.190 (0.158 - > 0.220) mg Co2+/L], respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 160 mg/L [0.140 mg Co2+/L]. The measured concentrations of cobalt at the start of the exposure (0 hours) were between 0 and 1% of the nominal concentrations and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) between of 1 and 8% of the nominal concentration because most of the Co-complex remained undissociated.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The toxicity of potassium dichromate (SIGMA ALDRICH, batch number MKBV0900V, purity 99.0%, CAS RN 7778-50-9) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined over a period of 72 hours from 2018-09-25 to 2018-09-28. The reference item toxicity is in the valid range following test facility SOPS
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- ErC50 > 400 mg/l based on nominal concentration
- Executive summary:
Method
The toxicity of the test item to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined according to the principles of OECD guideline 201.
The aim of the study was the determination of the effects on growth rate and yield over a period of 72 hours.
The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of 6442 cells/mL. A stock solution with a nominal loading of 400 mg test item/L was freshly prepared with dilution water. This dispersion was agitated until the solution was visually clear. The stock solution was diluted to obtain the required test item concentrations. Five concentrations were tested in a geometrical series with a spacing factor of 2.5: 10.2 - 25.6 - 64.0 - 160 - 400 mg/L, corresponding to the geometric mean measured cobalt concentration of 0.0171 – 0.0617 – 0.157 – 0.140 – 0.220 mg/L.
Three replicates were tested for each test item concentration and six replicates for the control. The environmental conditionswere within the acceptable limits.
The concentrations of the test item were analytically verified via spectrophotometric analysis at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours).
The measured concentrations of Cobaltat the start of the exposure (0 hours) were between 0 and 1% of the nominal concentration. At the end of the exposure (72 hours), the Cobalt concentration was detected in the range of 1 and 8 % of the nominal concentration
Results
The EC50-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were > 400 mg/L [0.220 mg Co2+/L] and 235 (138 - 363) mg/L [0.190 (0.158 - > 0.220) mg Co2+/L], respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 160 mg/L [0.140 mg Co2+/L].
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- From October 08 to 12, 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- For the detailed read across justification see the document provided in section 13.2 of this dossier.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- assessment report
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Sampling method: 400 mg test item/L was freshly prepared with dilution water. The dispersion was agitated until the solution was visually clear. The stock solution was diluted to obtain the required test item concentrations
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Strain: HINDÁK, CCAP 278/4
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): SAMS Research Services Ltd, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory- Dunbeg, OBAN; Argyll PA37 1QA; Scotland, UK
- Method of cultivation at test facility: fresh stocks are prepared every month on Z-Agar. Light intensity amounted to 2590 - 5180 lux corresponding to 35 - 70 µE ∙ m-2 ∙ s-1 for 24 hours per day
ACCLIMATION
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Nutrient medium Z according to LÜTTGE et al. (1994); - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 21 - 24°C, controlled at ± 2°C
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 10.2 - 25.6 - 64.0 - 160 - 400 mg/L (nominal concentration)
0.0171 – 0.0617 – 0.157 – 0.140 – 0.220 mg/L (geometric mean measured cobalt concentrations) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: Erlenmeyer flasks
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Sterile glass Erlenmeyer flasks, volume: 250 mL
- Test volume: 100 ml
- Initial cells density: approximately 5 x 103 - 104 cells/mL
- Control end cells density: 6442 cells/mL
- No. of organisms per vessel:
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes. EDTA was not included in the medium in order to avoid interferences with the test item
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes
- Photoperiod: 24 hours/day light
- Light intensity and quality: Approximately 4440 to 8880 lux, corresponding to 60 to 120 µE*m-2*s-1
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Chlorophyll measurement: the cell density was measured daily via Chlorophyll a-fluorescence, excitation at 436 nm, emission at 685 nm. Dilution water was used as a background signal. No self-fluorescence was found in the definitive test at the concentration of 400 mg/L.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2.5
Range finding study
- Test concentrations:0.100 - 1.00 - 10.0 – 100 mg/L (nominal). The measured concentrations were below the lowest calibration level (0.002 mg/L) in all test concentrations. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- Potassium dichromate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 400 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 235 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Details on results:
- The EC50-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were > 400 mg/L [0.220 mg Co2+/L] and 235 (138 - 363) mg/L [0.190 (0.158 - > 0.220) mg Co2+/L], respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 160 mg/L [0.140 mg Co2+/L]. The measured concentrations of cobalt at the start of the exposure (0 hours) were between 0 and 1% of the nominal concentrations and at the end of the exposure (72 hours) between of 1 and 8% of the nominal concentration because most of the Co-complex remained undissociated.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The toxicity of potassium dichromate (SIGMA ALDRICH, batch number MKBV0900V, purity 99.0%, CAS RN 7778-50-9) to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined over a period of 72 hours from 2018-09-25 to 2018-09-28. The reference item toxicity is in the valid range following test facility SOPS
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- ErC50 > 400 mg/l based on nominal concentration
- Executive summary:
Method
The toxicity of the test item to the unicellular freshwater green alga Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata was determined according to the principles of OECD guideline 201.
The aim of the study was the determination of the effects on growth rate and yield over a period of 72 hours.
The study was conducted under static conditions with an initial cell density of 6442 cells/mL. A stock solution with a nominal loading of 400 mg test item/L was freshly prepared with dilution water. This dispersion was agitated until the solution was visually clear. The stock solution was diluted to obtain the required test item concentrations. Five concentrations were tested in a geometrical series with a spacing factor of 2.5: 10.2 - 25.6 - 64.0 - 160 - 400 mg/L, corresponding to the geometric mean measured cobalt concentration of 0.0171 – 0.0617 – 0.157 – 0.140 – 0.220 mg/L.
Three replicates were tested for each test item concentration and six replicates for the control. The environmental conditionswere within the acceptable limits.
The concentrations of the test item were analytically verified via spectrophotometric analysis at the start (0 hours) and at the end of the exposure (72 hours).
The measured concentrations of Cobaltat the start of the exposure (0 hours) were between 0 and 1% of the nominal concentration. At the end of the exposure (72 hours), the Cobalt concentration was detected in the range of 1 and 8 % of the nominal concentration
Results
The EC50-values for inhibition of growth rate (ErC50) and yield (EyC50) after 72 hours were > 400 mg/L [0.220 mg Co2+/L] and 235 (138 - 363) mg/L [0.190 (0.158 - > 0.220) mg Co2+/L], respectively. The NOEC for both growth rate and yield was 160 mg/L [0.140 mg Co2+/L].
Referenceopen allclose all
Description of key information
A study according to OECD 201 was conducted on Co(NH4)EDTA. A read across approach to CoNa2EDTA is reasonable (see the justification provided in section 13.2 of this dossier). Based on the nominal concentrations of the Co-EDTA-complex it can be stated that the EC50 is > 400 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 400 mg/L
Additional information
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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