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EC number: 242-899-4 | CAS number: 19231-06-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 15 January 2019 - 19 March 2019
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Version / remarks:
- Annex 5 corrected: 28 July 2011
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Based on the results of the preliminary range-finding test five test concentrations in a geometric series with a spacing factor of 2.5 were used in the main test. A concurrent control ran parallel.
The measured concentrations deviated more than 20 % from the nominal during the experiment therefore the geometric mean of the measured concentrations were calculated to determine exposure concentrations.
Biological results and endpoints are based on the measured geometric mean concentrations. - Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Hardness:
- The reconstituted water (ISO medium) has an approximate theoretical total hardness of 249 mg/L (as CaCO3).
- Test temperature:
- The test temperature was in the range of 21.1 – 21.7°C measured in the test vessels during the test. The additionally measured ambient temperature within the climate chamber was between 20.5 – 21.8°C.
- pH:
- The pH of the test solution was not adjusted and not varied by more than 1.5 units in any one test. The pH was in the range of 7.39 – 7.94 during the test.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- The dissolved oxygen concentration was in the range of 6.98 – 7.68 mg/L during the test.
- Salinity:
- Reconstituted water (ISO medium, according to OECD 202) was used as dilution water in the experiment. Separate stock solutions of individual substances are first prepared in deionised water (prepared in TOXI-COOP ZRT. by MILLIPORE ELIX 3 water purification system). The ISO medium is prepared by adding 25 mL from each of four stock solutions to one litre deionised water.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- The test solutions used in the test were prepared by mechanical dispersion. A stock solution was first prepared by dissolving an amount of 0.0107 g test item in 1070 mL dilution water (OECD medium) resulting a nominal concentration of 10 mg/L. Test solutions of chosen test concentrations were prepared by appropriate dilution of this stock solution (see the Table below). After the formulation procedure the algal cells were immediately introduced into the test solution.
Table: Preparation of the test solutions
Nominal Stock ISOMedium
concentration [mg/L] Solution [mL] [mL]
10.0 300–
5.7 171 q.s. ad 300
3.3 98 q.s. ad 300
1.9 56 q.s. ad 300
1.1 32 q.s. ad 300
q.s. ad = quantum sufficiat ad (a sufficient quantity to make) - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.04 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (total fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.33 - < 0.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (dissolved fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 0.13 - < 0.22 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (dissolved fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Key result
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- >= 0.07 - <= 0.15 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat. (dissolved fraction)
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Details on results:
- Six different concentrations arranged in a geometric series with a spacing factor of 2.5 and a concurrent control was tested in the main experiment.
The measured concentrations deviated more than 20 % from the nominal therefore the exposure concentrations were calculated as the geometric mean of the start and end concentrations.
As the concentration was below the Limit of Detection (LOD) in the lowest test concentration (0.05 mg/L nominal) at the end of the test, the end concentration was taken as the Limit of Detection (LOD = 0.03 mg/L) according to the recommendation of OECD 23 Guidance document [6]. - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The results of the statistical evaluation show that the 0-72 h average specific growth rate was statistically significantly different from the untreated control value in the concentrations of 0.10, 0.29, 0.77, 1.91 and 3.71 mg/L (measured) and not significantly different in the concentration of 0.04 mg/L (measured).
Accordingly the 72-h NOEC based on growth rate was determined to be 0.04 mg/L.
The 72 h ErC50 value was determined to be 0.40 mg/L (95 % confidence limits: 0.33 – 0.50 mg/L). - Executive summary:
Test item:
DIMETHOXYDIPHENYL-IODONIUMBROMID (Batch No.: B486663)
Test species:
Raphidocelis subcapitata (formerly known as Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata); Strain number: 61.81 SAG
Exponentially-growing cultures; preculture was incubated for four days before the test.
Dilution water: OECD medium, prepared in the laboratory of TOXI-COOP ZRT.
Concentrations: Nominal concentrations of 0.05, 0.13, 0.32, 0.80, 2.00 and 5.00 mg/L were investigated in the main study. Concurrent control ran.
The measured concentrations deviated more than 20 % from the nominal during the experiment therefore the geometric mean of the measured concentrations were calculated to determine exposure concentrations.
The corresponding calculated geometric mean concentrations were the followings: 0.04, 0.10, 0.29, 0.77, 1.91 and 3.71 mg/L.
Biological results and endpoints are based on the measured geometric mean concentrations.
Test design:
Exponentially-growing cultures of Raphidocelis subcapitata were exposed to the test item under defined conditions. The algal growth in relation to a control culture was determined over a fixed test period of 72 hours and, thus, over several algal generations. The test design included three replicates at each test concentration and six replicates for the untreated control. The alga cell concentration was approximately 104 cells/mL at the start of the test in all of the test cultures. Glass flasks with total capacity of 250 mL were used as test vessels. The volume of the test liquid in the vessels was 100 mL. The alga cell concentration was determined by manual cell counting by microscope in each testing flask during the 72-hour test, in 24-hour intervals.
Analytics: For determination of the test item concentrations, samples were taken from each concentration level and control at the start and at the end of the test. Concentrations were determined using HPLC method with UV detection.
Endpoints: EC10, EC20, EC50, NOEC and LOEC for both response variables (i.e. average specific growth rate and yield).
Statistics: For the determination of the LOEC and NOEC, ANOVA and Dunnett’s tests, for determination of the ECx values Probit analysis was used.
Validity:
All validity criteria were met and therefore the study can be considered as valid.A 72-h NOEC based on growth rate was determined to be 0.04 mg/L.
The 72 h ErC50 value was determined to be 0.40 mg/L (95 % confidence limits: 0.33 – 0.50 mg/L).
Reference
Description of key information
Growth Inhibition Test on Algae (Raphidocelis subcapitata) OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, Section 2, No. 201: "Freshwater Alga and Cyanobacteria, Growth Inhibition Test", adopted 23rd March, 2006 (Annex 5 corrected: 28 July 2011).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.4 mg/L
Additional information
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