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EC number: 204-535-2 | CAS number: 122-34-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Phototransformation in water
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 7 July 1993 - 28 September 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 995
- Report date:
- 1995
Materials and methods
- Study type:
- direct photolysis
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Aqueous solutions of simazine and an actinometer were subjected to artificial light from a xenon arc lamp while under constant temperature at 25°C. Solutions of simazine and actinometer were also maintained in the dark to act as controls. At six time points subsamples were removed from the test solutions and analysed to monitor any decrease in test substance concentration.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Simazine
- EC Number:
- 204-535-2
- EC Name:
- Simazine
- Cas Number:
- 122-34-9
- Molecular formula:
- C7H12ClN5
- IUPAC Name:
- 6-chloro-N2,N4-diethyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Test material: Simazine (pure)
- Appearance: White powder
- Batch No.of test material: Ref 766
- Expiration date of the batch: Two years from date of manufacture
- Purity: 99.5%
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: In the dark at 4°C
Study design
- Radiolabelling:
- no
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- Details on sampling:
- PRELIMINARY TEST:
The solutions within the Suntest box were analysed at Day 0 (start of test) and again at Day 3. At Day 3, the simazine dark control was also analysed.
EXTENDED TEST:
On Days 0, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10 aliquots of ~3 mL were removed from each cell in the Suntest box for analysis. At each time point the actinometer solution stored in the dark at ambient temperature was also analysed. The simazine dark control solution was analysed on Days 3, 7 and 10. - Light source:
- Xenon lamp
- Light spectrum: wavelength in nm:
- >= 290 - <= 500
- Details on light source:
- The irradiance of the xenon arc lamp was measured in situ in the Suntest chamber. The cosine diffuser of the radiometer was placed in the appropriate positions underneath the quartz lids used to cover the sample cells. The spectrometer slit width was 1.25 mm. Measurement of the irradiance was taken at 5 nm intervals in the range 290 - 500 nm.
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Type, material and volume of test apparatus/vessels: Suntest cells: Borosilicate glass, double jacketed with quartz lids
TEST MEDIUM
- Kind and purity of water: Distilled water
- Preparation of test medium: A test solution of simazine in distilled water was prepared at half saturation concentration.
REPLICATION
- No. of replicates (dark): 2
- No. of replicates (irradiated): 2
ACTINOMETER:
Paranitroacetophenone (PNAP) in acetonitrile was used as the actinometer system.
PRELIMINARY TEST:
Two cells were placed in the Suntest apparatus to be subjected to the maximum level irradiance in the ultraviolet visible range from a xenon arc lamp. Test solution was poured into one cell and actinometer solution in the other. Quartz lids were placed over each cell.
The Suntest box was switched on and the cells irradiated. The solutions within the Suntest box were analysed at Day 0 (start of test) and again at Day 3. At Day 3, the simazine dark control was also analysed. From this information the percentage drop over 3 days was calculated and an estimation of the timing of the 6 data points for the extended test was made.
EXTENDED TEST:
The test cells were set up in an identical manner to the preliminary test. The third cell was filled with simazine solution and placed outside the Suntest box and covered with aluminium foil to exclude light (simazine dark control).
The Suntest box was switched on and the cells irradiated. At six time points (Days 0, 3, 6, 7, 9, 10) aliquots of ~3 mL were removed from each cell in the Suntest box for analysis. At each time point the actinometer solution stored in the dark at ambient temperature was also analysed. The simazine dark control solution was analysed on Days 3, 7 and 10.
Duration of test at given test condition
- Duration:
- 10 d
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 2.335 other: µg/mL
- Reference substance:
- no
- Dark controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Filled with simazine solution and placed outside the Suntest box and covered with aluminium foil
Results and discussion
- Preliminary study:
- The preliminary test showed a drop of 35% in simazine concentration over 3 days.
- Test performance:
- Simazine dark control data showed that all the results lie in the range 92.5 - 97.5% recovery showing the solution to be stable in the dark.
Actinometer dark control data show that all the results lie in the range 96.2 - 98.8% recovery showing the solution to be stable in the dark.
No peaks were seen at the characteristic retention time for the blank solutions in either of the methods showing them to be free from interferences.
- Quantum yield (for direct photolysis):
- 0
Dissipation half-life of parent compound
- Key result
- DT50:
- 7.2 d
- Test condition:
- Suntest apparatus
- Predicted environmental photolytic half-life:
- 36 days
- Transformation products:
- not measured
- Details on results:
- The rate constants for simazine and the actinometer were 0.095868 days-1 and 0.068883 days-1, respectively.
The half-life of simazine in the Suntest apparatus was calculated as 7.2 days.
The half-life of simazine in the environment for surface waters at latitude 40 - 50°N was calculated as 36 days.
The half-life of 36 days is valid only for direct transformation, in mid-day sunlight conditions in the top mm of a neutral aquatic system of latitude 40 - 50°N. It can, however, be used as a rough estimate of the persistence of simazine.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Photolysis calibration data showed that the analytical methods were linear over the standard concentration ranges used.
Simazine quality control data showed that all the results lie in the range 96.0 - 100.5% recovery.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not applicable
- Conclusions:
- Simazine has been found to photodegrade in the Suntest apparatus with a half-life time of 7.2 days. The quantum yield for direct photodegradation was established as 1.25E-05. Using published tables of irradiance values, an environmental half-life time for simazine of 36 days was obtained for surface waters at latitude 40 - 50 °N.
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