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EC number: 204-844-2 | CAS number: 127-47-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 08/02/1993-07/05/1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study according to international guideline (OECD Guideline 201) under GLP conditions, validity criteria met.
Cross-referenceopen allclose all
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to other study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 993
- Report date:
- 1993
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 201 (Alga, Growth Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not relevant
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Retinyl acetate
- EC Number:
- 204-844-2
- EC Name:
- Retinyl acetate
- Cas Number:
- 127-47-9
- Molecular formula:
- C22H32O2
- IUPAC Name:
- (2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-yl acetate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Vitamin A - Acetate
- Physical state: Solid
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature, in the dark
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not relevant
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Nominal concentrations of 0.205, 0.615, 1.85, 5.5 and 16.5 mg/l
- Sampling method: Composite samples of each test concentration were drawn by mixing identical volumes of the test solutions taken from the approximate center of the test vessels. they were taken immediately before and after 72 hours of exposure.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Samples were stored at -18 to -22 degrees celsius before analysis
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: 1.88 g test substance and 1.01 g of a mixture of 96% 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and 4% Polyoxy-ethylene-sorbitan-monooleate (Tween 80) were mixed together. 50.5 mg of this blend were mixed and made up to 500 ml with water. Calculated amounts of stock solution to produce the desired test concentrations were given into water and were homogeneously distributed. The algae were then transferred into flasks. the test substance was homogeneously distributed in the test vessels at all test times and at test concentrations 0.41 till 3.7 mg/l.
- Controls: Yes
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and polyoxy-ethylene-sorbitan-monooleate (Tween 80)
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): NMP: 31.7 mg/l; Tween 80: 1.3 mg/l
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): small parts of the test substance were swimming and a deposit was observed at concentrations 11 and 33 mg/l at the end of the exposure.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Secenesdesmus subspicatus
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Collection of algae cultures, Pflanzenphysiologisches Institut, Göttingen, Germany
- Method of cultivation: According to OECD Guideline 201
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): yes
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- No
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- No data
- Test temperature:
- 23 +/- 1 degrees Celsius
- pH:
- 7.8 - 8.7, no increase greater than 0.8 during test
- Dissolved oxygen:
- No data
- Salinity:
- Not relevant
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0.205, 0.615, 1.85, 5.5 and 16.5 mg/l
Measured (start): <0.1, <0.1, <0.1, 0.1 and 0.4 mg/l
Measured (end): <0.1, <0.1, <0.1, <0.1 and <0.1 mg/l - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): closed (stoppered with aluminum caps)
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass Erlenmeyer flasks of 100 ml, 50 ml test solution per flask
- Aeration: No
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not relevant
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Not relevant
- Initial cells density: 11.700 cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 1.518.000 cells/ml
- No. of organisms per vessel: Not relevant
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): 6
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: yes
- Detailed composition if non-standard medium was used: Not relevant
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: No data
- Total organic carbon: No data
- Particulate matter: No data
- Metals: No data
- Pesticides: No data
- Chlorine: No data
- Alkalinity: No data
- Ca/mg ratio: No data
- Conductivity: No data
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: No data
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: Yes
- Adjustment of pH: No data
- Photoperiod: Continuous illumination
- Light intensity and quality: cold white fluorescent light, 119 uE/m^2 sec +/- 20% (approxiamtely 8000 lux)
- Salinity (for marine algae): Not relevant
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: [counting chamber; electronic particle counter; fluorimeter; spectrophotometer; colorimeter] TOA cell counter
- Chlorophyll measurement: No
- Other: No data
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 3
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not relevant
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: No data
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: No data - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.103 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: nominal 7.5 mg/L, 95% CL: 5.7 - 28.7 mg/l
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.05 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (geom. mean)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Remarks on result:
- other: nominal conc 5.5 mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): yes
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): No data
- Unusual cell shape: No data
- Colour differences: No data
- Flocculation: No data
- Adherence to test vessels: No data
- Aggregation of algal cells: No data
- Other: No data
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: No
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: yes, small parts of the test substances were swimming and a deposit was observed at concentrations 11 and 33 mg/l.
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: Possibly, since deposit and small swimming parts of the test substance were observed at concentrations of 11 and 33 mg/l at the end of the exposure. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not relevant
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EbC-50 values were calculated according to the maximum likelihood method, probit model (Mc Cullag, P., Nelder, J.A., 1983: Generalized linear models, Chapman & Hall, London).
Any other information on results incl. tables
The results are based on the measured average concentration. When the concentration was <0.1, this value divided by a factor 2 was used
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- Toxicity of Vitamin A - acetate towards Scenedesmus subspicatus was investigated; the EbC50 was found to be 0.103 mg/l, the EbC0 was found to be 0.05 mg/l.
- Executive summary:
Toxicity of Vitamin A - acetate towards Scenedesmus subspicatus was investigated according to OECD Guideline 201, under GLP conditions. The test substance is unstable in water and degrades when exposed to light, therefore it was lost during the test. Furthermore, at higher test concentrations small swimming parts of the test substance and deposit were observed, possibly due to concentrations exceeding water solubility. Toxicity values are based on nominal concentrations. The EbC50 was found to be 0.103 mg/l, the EbC0 was found to be 0.05 mg/l.
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