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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 231-784-4 | CAS number: 7727-43-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Reasonably well described inhalation study. No guideline is stated. Furthermore, no NOAEC could be derived. Therefore, the study could not be used for risk assessment purposes.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- publication
- Title:
- Die histologischen Veränderungen an der Lunge nach kurzzeitiger Inhalation von Bariumsulfat (Tierversuche)
- Author:
- Holuša, R. et al.
- Year:
- 1 973
- Bibliographic source:
- Beitr. Silikose-Forsch. (Pneumokon.) 25:1 - 14.
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- During a 2-month period, Wistar rats were exposed to 40 mg/m^3 barium sulfate on 5 weekdays for 5 hours per day. During the 2-month inhalation exposure period animals were sacrificed and the lungs and lymph nodes were histologically investigated at a 14 day interval. After the 2-month exposure period a post-inhalation period followed in which the animals were observed for an additional 2 and 4 weeks.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Barium sulfate
- EC Number:
- 231-784-4
- EC Name:
- Barium sulfate
- Cas Number:
- 7727-43-7
- Molecular formula:
- BaO4S
- IUPAC Name:
- barium sulfate
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Barium sulphate (BaSO4) (From Merck)
- Particle size distribution: 1-2 µm
No further information on the test material was stated.
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- Wistar
- Sex:
- not specified
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- No information on the test animals was given in the publication.
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: dust
- Type of inhalation exposure:
- whole body
- Vehicle:
- other: no data
- Remarks on MMAD:
- MMAD / GSD: No data
- Details on inhalation exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: A box of 6.5 m^3 in which the rats were held. They were exposed following the Klosterkötter and Einbrodt (1965) procedure.
No further information on details on inhalation exposure was stated.
- Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- not specified
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- No data
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 2 months
- Frequency of treatment:
- On 5 weekdays for 5 hours per day
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
40 mg/m^3 BaSO4
Basis:
nominal conc.
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 84 animals were exposed. How many of each sex was not stated.
- Control animals:
- not specified
- Details on study design:
- - Post-exposure observation period: After the inhalation-exposure period, a post-inhalation period of 2 and 4 weeks followed. During this period, the lungs and extrapulmonary lymph nodes were removed and were dyed for histological examination at 2 weeks and 4 weeks.
No further information on study design was stated. - Positive control:
- No data
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- CAGE SIDE OBSERVATIONS: No data
DETAILED CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS: No data
BODY WEIGHT: No data
FOOD CONSUMPTION:
- Food consumption for each animal determined and mean daily diet consumption calculated as g food/kg body weight/day: No data
FOOD EFFICIENCY:
- Body weight gain in kg/food consumption in kg per unit time X 100 calculated as time-weighted averages from the consumption and body weight gain data: No data
WATER CONSUMPTION: No data
OPHTHALMOSCOPIC EXAMINATION: No data
HAEMATOLOGY: No data
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY: No data
URINALYSIS: No data
NEUROBEHAVIOURAL EXAMINATION: No data
No further information on observations and examinations performed and frequency were stated. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- The first animals were sacrificed 20 hours after den first exposure of 5 hours. Further animals were killed after every 10th exposure to the test substance. The lungs and extrapulmonary lymph nodes were removed and were dyed for histological examination.
No further information on sacrifice and pathology were stated. - Statistics:
- No data
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- not specified
- Mortality:
- not specified
- Body weight and weight changes:
- not specified
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not specified
- Food efficiency:
- not specified
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not specified
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not specified
- Haematological findings:
- not specified
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not specified
- Urinalysis findings:
- not specified
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not specified
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not specified
- Gross pathological findings:
- not specified
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not specified
- Details on results:
- HISTOPATHOLOGY: non-neoplastic
An initial rapidly progressing cellular reaction of the lung parenchyme was followed by a proliferation of alveolar macrophages and a peculiar modification of bronchiolar epithel. These epithelial changes regress slowly during the experiments without causing lung damage.
Effect levels
- Dose descriptor:
- conc. level:
- Effect level:
- 40 mg/m³ air (nominal)
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Sex:
- not specified
- Basis for effect level:
- other: see 'Remark'
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- An initial rapidly progressing cellular reaction of the lung parenchyme was followed by a proliferation of alveolar macrophages and a peculiar modification of bronchiolar epithel. These epithelial changes regress slowly during the experiments without causing lung damage.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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