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EC number: 200-002-3 | CAS number: 50-01-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 02/1984-11/1984
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Qualifier:
- equivalent or similar to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- guideline was not mentioned in the study, but the method was carried out as described in the guideline OECD 202.
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on test solutions:
- made from dilutions of stock solutions of Guanidine nitrate dissolved in well water
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: from in house culture
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): less than 24hours, all non-adult daphnias removed from the stock tanks less than 24hours prior to start of the test, neonates obtained from 27day-old daphnias
- Feeding during test
- Food type: Ankistrodesmus falcatus raised and supplemented with vitamins as recommended by Goulden etal., 1982
-Amount: 2mg/L (dry weight) in the morning, 4mg/L (dry weight) in the afternoon
- Frequency: fed twice each day
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Hardness:
- 197mg/L CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 19.4-20.6
- pH:
- 8.5-8.7
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.3-9.0mg/L, 80% saturation
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal: 100, 60, 36, 21.6, 13.0, 0 mg/L of the test item
measured: 97.5, 58.5, 40.5, 25.0, 14.5, <0.5mg/L of the test item - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 250ml borosilicate beakers, 200ml of test solution
- No. of organisms per vessel:10
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates):3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: from 62m well at Ft. Detrick, water softening system, afterwards pumped through a spray nozzle for aeration and sent through a 5micron cellulose acetate cartidge filter, an UV sterilizer, and temperature control equipment prior to use in test
- Conductivity:868micro mhos/cm
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod:16h light 8 h dark (Durotest Optima 50bulbs, Color Rendering Index 91)
- Light intensity: 400lux (test), 200lux (stock)
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
after 24 and 48hours - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 70.2 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: 66.0 to 74.7
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48–hr-acute toxicity of Guanidine Nitrate to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 13.0, 21.6, 36, 60, and 100mg/L for 48 hr. Immobilization was observed at test termination after 48h and additionally after 24hours. 48-h-EC50 was 70.2mg/L .
- Executive summary:
The 48–hr-acute toxicity of Guanidine Nitrate to Daphnia magna was studied under static conditions. Daphnids were exposed to control and test chemical at nominal concentrations of 13.0, 21.6, 36, 60, and 100mg/L for 48 hr. Immobilization was observed at test termination after 48h and additionally after 24hours. 48 -h-EC50 was 70.2mg/L .
This study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirements for an acute toxicity study with freshwater invertebrates.
Results Synopsis
Test Organism Age: neonates from 27day old daphnids obtained less than 24h before testing
Test Type: static
48-h-EC50: 70.2mg a.i./L 95% C.I.: 66.0 to 74.7 mg a.i./L
Endpoint(s) Effected: short term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Reference
nominal GN concentration (mg/L) |
Mean measured GN concentrationA (mg/L) |
%ImmobilizationB |
|
24h |
48h |
||
100 |
97.5 |
6.7(33.3)C |
100(-) |
60 |
58.5 |
0(10.0) |
13.3(3.3) |
36 |
40.5 |
0(26.7) |
3.3(16.7) |
21.6 |
25.0 |
0(13.3) |
0(6.7) |
13.0 |
14.5 |
0(20.0) |
0(3.3) |
0 (control) |
<0.5D |
0(0) |
0(0) |
AMean of two measurements
B% of 30daphnids exposed at each treatment level
C% of daphnids caught in surface film
Dbelow detection level
Description of key information
The 48hr-acute toxicity of the read-across substance Guanidine Nitrate to aquatic invertebrates was studied.
The immobilization of Daphnids was used as the critical criteria. A 48-h-EC50 of 70.2mg/L was found.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 70.2 mg/L
Additional information
The study of the acute toxicity of the read-across substance Guanidine Nitrate against Daphnia magna in the report of van der Schalie (1985) shows that the 48 -h-EC50, the concentration, in which 50 per cent reduction in immobilization occurs, is at 70.2mg/L.
Justification for read-across:
Guanidine hydrochloride and guanidine nitrate dissociate in aqueous media to yield the guanidine ion and the respective anion. Therefore it is reasonable to discuss the effects of the ions separately. The chloride ion is a naturally occurring essential ion in human beings with well-known metabolism and mechanisms of action as described in standard textbooks on pharmacology and physiology. As well it is found as salt in the Earth´s crust and is dissolved in seawater. Effects of guanidine hydrochloride are expected to be based primarily on the guanidine ion. The physiological processing of the guanidine ion is expected to be independent of the individual source. Therefore read-across from guanidine nitrate for effects of guanidine dissociated from guanidine hydrochloride is considered valid. This strategy is supported by a quite similar toxicological profile of both substances, as shown in acute toxicity, irritation, sensitization and genotoxic studies.
A more detailed justification for read-across is attached in IUCLID chapter 13.
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