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EC number: 244-214-4 | CAS number: 21109-95-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Reliable acute toxicity data for fish are available for sulfide, sulfate and barium. Barium and sulfide are released upon dissolution of BaS in the aqueous environment. Sulfide is rapidly oxidised under natural environmental conditions. Thus, only acute but not long-term effects due to sulfide exposure are expected. Further, the acute toxicity of sulfate was considered. However, sulfate is of low toxicity. Regarding toxic effects of dissolved Ba, a reliable 96h-LC50 of >3.5 mg Ba/L was determined by Egeler and Kiefer (2010) for Danio rerio corresponding to a 96h-LC50 of > 4.3 mg BaS/L (dissolved). Comparing acute toxicity levels of Ba and S in freshwater, it can be concluded that the acute toxicity of BaS is driven by sulfide resulting in a 96h-LC50 of 0.013 mg BaS/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water fish
Fresh water fish
- Effect concentration:
- 13.4 µg/L
Additional information
Egeler and Kiefer (2010) conducted an acute toxicity test withDanio rerio(test substance: soluble BaCl2*2H2O). No effects (mortality) were observed at the nominal test concentration of 100 mg Ba2+/L. The dissolved and total fractions were measured. A white precipitate was observed upon dissolution of BaCl2, presumbably the formation of poorly soluble barium sulfate. However, at a nominal concentration of 100 mg Ba2+/L, the dissolved and total barium concentrations amounted to 3.5 and 97.5 mg/L, respectively. Reading-across the latter value to BaS, a 96h-LC50of > 120.3 mg BaS/L is derived based on the total barium concentration. Further, the 96h-LC50of > 3.5 mg dissolved Ba/L corresponds to an LC50of > 4.32 mg BaS/L.
The lowest reliable acute effect concentration for fish with regard to sulfide was reported by Yussoff et al. (1998) for the Javanese carpPuntius gonionotus, i.e. the 96h-LC50of 0.0027 mg H2S/L corresponding to 0.013 mg BaS/L. In oxic environments, however, sulfide released from BaS is oxidized to sulfate, and the hazard of the released sulfur should be evaluated by reading-across the toxicity of sulfate. The study by Mount et al (1997) was identified in the OECD SIDS for Na2SO4(i.e., the most relevant substance for assessing the hazard of sulfate) as key study with regard to acute toxicity of sulfate to fish. This study reports a 96h-LC50of 7960 mg Na2SO4/L for the fathead minnowPimephales promelascorresponding toa 96h-LC50of 9493 mg BaS/L.
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