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EC number: 937-417-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 9.11.2007-5.12.2007
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 007
- Report date:
- 2007
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Ashes (residues)
- EC Number:
- 268-627-4
- EC Name:
- Ashes (residues)
- Cas Number:
- 68131-74-8
- Test material form:
- solid: bulk
- Details on test material:
- - Name of test material (as cited in study report): Ashes (residues)
- Substance type: technical product
- Physical state: solid
- Main components: SiO2 (42.12%), Al2O3 (32.16%), Fe2O3 (10.88%), TiO2, MnO, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, SO3 - constituents with content less than 10%
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: unlimited
- Appearance: greyish black powder
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION OF SOLUTIONS FOR THE TEST - TEST SUBSTANCE:
The test substance is non-soluble in water in concentrations needed for the test. For this reason the direct dosing of test substance was used. The substance was weighed into reaction container where 100 mL of water were introduced.
In the preliminary test the concentrations were in the range of 46 - 1000 mg.L-1 with a geometric progression factor of 2.2.
In the main test the concentrations were in the range of 100 - 1000 mg.L-1 with a geometric progression factor of 1.8.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- TEST SYSTEM:
The activated biological sludge containing mixed culture of microorganisms obtained from the second step of sewage treatment plant of Pardubice was used for the testing. The wastewater processed by the sewage treatment plant is predominantly municipal.
PREPARATION OF THE INOCULUM:
The activated sludge was collected two days before the day of testing.
After the sample collection the sludge was washed with potable water for 0.5 hour and subsequently decanted for 0.5 hour. This procedure was repeated three times in total.
Further the sludge was modified by addition of 50 mL of cultivation medium per 2 L of diluted sludge suspension at permanent aeration till the day oftest.
The dry weight was determined from 10 mL of sludge suspension after 0.5-hour sedimentation.
Before the test the sludge was suspended in water up to concentration about 4000 mg of sludge dry weight per litre. The pH adjustment to 6.0 was carried out. In that way modified sludge suspension was aerated until the use.
JUSTIFICATION FOR THE SELECTION OF THE TEST SYSTEM:
The activated sludge obtained is in conformity with the recommendations of the test guideline.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 180 min
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 20+/-2oC
- pH:
- approx. 6-8
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Preliminary test: 46, 100, 220, 460, 1000 mg.L-1
Main test: 100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg.L-1 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST PROCEDURE
100 mL of deionised water, the defined dose of the test or reference substance, 16 mL of the synthetic nutrient medium and 200 mL of the prepared sludge suspension were introduced into each test container. The volume was replenished up to 500 mL with deionised water.
The control samples were prepared only from the same volume of nutrient medium and sludge and replenished up to 500 mL with water.
The check of of abiotic decomposition was performed at the highest concentration of the test substance and nutrient medium without sludge and with addition of 1 mL of mercury chloride solution.
The test mixtures were prepared in turns in 15 minutes time intervals.
The pH adjustment of mixtures in the preliminary and in the main test was not carried out.
The aeration was carried out by means of glass pipettes.
MEASUREMENT
The measurement of oxygen content was performed in aliquots of the reaction mixtures after 3-hour incubation period. Bottles with narrow neck and volume of about 280 mL were filled with the sample and positioned on a magnetic stirrer. Then, the oxygen electrode (equipped with a magnetic stirring wheel) was inserted in a way that no air remained in the bottle and that the electrode sealed the bottleneck to avoid contact of the sample with the atmosphere.
The decline of oxygen concentration was measured and recorded at min. 10-minute intervals.
The pH was determined in the remaining part of the reaction mixture.
TEST CONDITIONS
Lighting: daily
Stirring and aeration: with filtered pressured air, airflow rate 0.8 L/min. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorphenol
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Remarks:
- respiration rate
- Details on results:
- See table No.3 and No.6
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Results with reference substance valid: yes
The EC50 value of the reference substance 3,5-dichlorophenol was: EC50 = 12.2 mg.L-1 (95 % confidence interval: 10.2 – 15.5 mg.L-1).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Main test
The order of test mixtures:
- control experiment, 1 (K1)
- 5 concentrations of reference substance, 5.2, 7.2, 10, 14 and 19 mg.L-1, (R1 – R5)
- 5 concentrations of test substance, 100, 180, 320, 560 and 1000 mg.L-1,(Z1 – Z5)
- control experiment 2, (K2)
- abiotic decomposition at the highest concentration of test substance, 1000 mg.L-1, (Zab)
Table 3: Performance of the main test
Container No.
|
Label
|
Test/Ref. substance dose /500 mL |
Test/Ref. substance concentration mg.L-1 |
Medium dose
mL |
Sludge dose
mL |
Water dose
mL |
pH
start |
pH
end |
1 |
K 1 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.08 |
7.63 |
2 |
R 1 |
19 mL |
19 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.12 |
7.85 |
3 |
R 2 |
14 mL |
14 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.10 |
7.84 |
4 |
R 3 |
10 mL |
10 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.09 |
7.76 |
5 |
R 4 |
7.2 mL |
7.2 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.08 |
7.69 |
6 |
R 5 |
5.2 mL |
5.2 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.06 |
7.69 |
7 |
Z 1 |
50 mg |
100 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.04 |
7.62 |
8 |
Z 2 |
90 mg |
180 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.03 |
7.65 |
9 |
Z 3 |
160 mg |
320 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.01 |
7.62 |
10 |
Z 4 |
280 mg |
560 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
6.99 |
7.61 |
11 |
Z 5 |
500 mg |
1000 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
6.94 |
7.58 |
12 |
K 2 |
0 |
0 |
16 |
200 |
up to 500 mL |
7.09 |
7.68 |
13 |
Bab |
500 mg |
1000 |
16 |
0 |
up to 500 mL |
7.13 |
7.04 |
Table 6: Evaluation of inhibition of respiration in the main test
Containernumber |
Label |
Conc. mg.L-1 |
p1 mg.L-1 |
p2 mg.L-1 |
t1 min |
t2 min |
R mg.L-1. h-1 |
Inhibition % |
1 |
K 1 |
0 |
6.50 |
2.65 |
0.5 |
7.5 |
33.00 |
0 |
2 |
R 1 |
19 |
8.02 |
6.48 |
0 |
10 |
9.24 |
71.4 |
3 |
R 2 |
14 |
7.88 |
5.71 |
0 |
10 |
13.02 |
59.8 |
4 |
R 3 |
10 |
7.44 |
4.08 |
0 |
10 |
20.16 |
37.7 |
5 |
R 4 |
7.2 |
7.28 |
2.95 |
0 |
10 |
25.98 |
19.7 |
6 |
R 5 |
5.2 |
6.45 |
2.51 |
1.0 |
9.5 |
27.81 |
14.1 |
7 |
Z 1 |
100 |
6.37 |
2.47 |
0.5 |
7.5 |
33.43 |
-3.3 |
8 |
Z 2 |
180 |
6.39 |
2.52 |
1.5 |
8.5 |
33.17 |
-2.5 |
9 |
Z 3 |
320 |
6.44 |
2.60 |
0.5 |
7.5 |
32.91 |
-1.7 |
10 |
Z 4 |
560 |
6.43 |
2.63 |
1.0 |
8.0 |
32.57 |
-0.6 |
11 |
Z 5 |
1000 |
6.50 |
2.69 |
0 |
7.0 |
32.66 |
-0.9 |
12 |
K 2 |
0 |
6.37 |
2.67 |
1.5 |
8.5 |
31.71 |
0 |
13 |
Zab |
1000 |
8.66 |
8.69 |
0 |
10 |
-0.18 |
- |
Average value of K1, K2 = 32.36 mg.L-1. h-1, SD = 0.912 mg.L-1. h-1
EC values for test substance, Ashes (residues)
In the main test Ashes (residues) caused no inhibition of the sludge respiration (see table 6). Therefore it was not possible to calculate the EC50(EC20, EC80) value from the obtained respiration rates.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- On the basis of the effective concentrations describing the respiration inhibition of activated sludge caused by the test substance, Ashes (residues), the EC50 was found to be: EC50 > 1000 mg.L-1
Under the current experimental conditions, all tested concentrations in the main test provided no inhibition of respiration rate (see table 6). From available data it was not possible to calculate EC50 value. - Executive summary:
The influence of the test substance, Ashes (residues), on the respiration rate of activated sludge was investigated after a contact time of 3 hours.
Test performance
Test was performed according to:
Method C.11 - Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test, Directive 88/302/EEC. Published in OJ L 133 1988.
The preliminary test was performed using 5 concentrations in range 46 - 1000 mg.L-1 with a geometric factor of 2.2 to determine the concentrations to be used in the main test.
In the main test, 5 concentrations of the test substance in geometric progression with factor of 1.8 (100, 180, 320, 560, 1000 mg.L-1) were used together with two control experiments (without the test substance), one at the beginning and one at the end of the test.
3,5-Dichlorophenol was used as reference substance. Five concentrations in geometric progression with a factor of 1.4 (5.2, 7.2, 10, 14 and 19 mg.L-1) were selected.
The abiotic decomposition was not detected even at the highest concentration of the test substance.
The pH value during the main test was in the range of 6.9 to 7.9.
Validity of test
The test met the following validity criteria:
- the respiration rates of two control experiments should not differ from each other by more than 15 %
- the EC50 value of the reference substance should be in the range of 5 – 30 mg.L-1
The difference of two respiration rates of control experiments at the beginning and the end of the main test from each other was:
1.29 mg.L-1.h-1 = 4.07 % (if the value of lower control 31.71 mg.L-1.h-1 = 100 %)
The 3h-EC50 value of reference substance, 3,5-dichlorophenol: EC50 = 12.2 mg.L-1
(95 % confidence interval: 10.2 – 15.5 mg.L-1)
Since all criteria for acceptability of the test were met, this study is considered to be valid.
Results of the respiration inhibition test
On the basis of the effective concentrations describing the respiration inhibition of activated sludge caused by the test substance, Ashes (residues), the EC50 was found to be: EC50 > 1000 mg.L-1
Under the current experimental conditions, all tested concentrations in the main test provided no inhibition of respiration rate (see table 6). Therefore it was not possible to calculate the EC50 value.
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