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EC number: 701-026-1 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to fish
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to fish
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 2012-10-01 to 2013-02-22
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.1 (Acute Toxicity for Fish)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- carbon
- EC Number:
- 701-026-1
- Cas Number:
- 7440-44-0
- Molecular formula:
- C up to (C80N5H16O)n
- IUPAC Name:
- carbon
- Test material form:
- solid: fibres
- Details on test material:
- - milled carbonised PAN based fibre (Sigrafil C30 M150 UNS)
- for further details on the test material, see section 1.4, endpoint "Non-graphitic carbon fibre (carbonised PAN based fibre, milled)", attached document "Analytics_milled_carbonised_PAN_based_fibre.pdf"
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION (especially for difficult test substances)
- Method: Water accomodated fraction (WAF) according to OECD guideline 23
- Eluate: not applicable
- Differential loading: no
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): not applicable
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): yes
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Danio rerio (previous name: Brachydanio rerio)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Zebrafish (Danio rerio)
- Strain: not reported
- Source: Test facility bred
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): not reported
- Length at study initiation (length definition, mean, range and SD): 2.0 ± 1 cm
- Weight at study initiation (mean and range, SD): 0.11 ± 0.02 g; range: 0.08-0.14 g
- Method of breeding: not reported
- Feeding during test: no
- Food type: live brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) nauplii and ground flake food TetraMinR (Tetra Werke, Melle, Germany)
- Amount: ad libitum
- Frequency: once per day
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 12 days prior to test
- Acclimation conditions (same as test or not): same
- Type and amount of food: ad libitum: live brine shrimp (Artemia spp.) nauplii and ground flake food TetraMinR (Tetra Werke, Melle, Germany)
- Feeding frequency: once per day
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): less than 5% in the week preceding the start of the study
QUARANTINE (wild caught): not applicable
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- not reported
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- total hardness: 1.1 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 23 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 8.5 - 8.6
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 96 - 100%
- Conductivity:
- 238.1 µS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal concentration: 100 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: full glass aquaria
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 10 L
- Aeration: slightly aerated via a glass capillary
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 7
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 1
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 7
- No. of vessels per vehicle control (replicates): not applicable
- Biomass loading rate: not reported
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: purified tap water, filtration through activated charcoal, passage through lime stone, and aeration
- Total organic carbon: not reported
- Particulate matter: not reported
- Metals: reported
- Pesticides: not reported
- Chlorine: <0.02 mg/L
- Alkalinity: 2.0 mmol/L
- Ca/Mg ratio: 0.8 mmol/L / 0.3 mmol/L
- Conductivity: 238.1 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: not reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: not reported
- Photoperiod: 12/12
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: No mortality, clinical signs or any distress were observed throughout the range finding test
- Range finding study: performed prior to main test
- Test concentrations applied in range finding study: 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, 100 mg/L
- Test concentration applied in the main study: 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: yes - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Remarks on result:
- other: no clinical signs and no mortality observed
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LL0
- Effect conc.:
- >= 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality (fish)
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: not detected
- Observations on body length and weight: not reported
- Other biological observations: not detected
- Mortality of control: none
- Other adverse effects control: none
- Abnormal responses: none
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: not reported
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: yes - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- No reference substance tested
Any other information on results incl. tables
- Sublethal observations / clinical signs:
Cumulative mortality and clinical signs during the test period of 96 h (number of fish per treatment: 7)
Nominal concentration
of the carbon fibre[mg/L]
Test duration
3 h
24 h
48 h
72 h
96 h
Control
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
100
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd.
nd. = no symptoms detected
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In the 96 h acute toxicity test, conducted according to OECD guideline 203 and EU method C.1, zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to the test substance (milled carbonised PAN based fibre) at a nominal loading concentration of 100 mg/L under static conditions for the period of 96 hours. Neither clinical signs nor mortality could be observed throughout the study.
Based on the results of this study, the LL50 of the test substance was determined to be > 100 mg test item/L. The NOEC based on the visual observation is reported as >= 100 mg/L (NOEL >= 100 mg/L).
This toxicity study is classified as acceptable and satisfies the guideline requirement for “Fish, Acute Toxicity Test”. - Executive summary:
A study was performed at the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology to determine the acute toxicity of the test item (milled carbonised PAN based fibre) to zebrafish (Danio rerio). The study was conducted according to the OECD guideline 203 and EU method C.1.
Due to the very low water solubility of the test item a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) according to OECD guideline 23 was applied. The test item was examined in a limit test at one nominal concentration of 100 mg/L under static conditions for 96 hours. An untreated dilution water control was run in parallel. Seven fish were used at the test concentration and in the control.
There were no toxic effects of the test item on zebrafish (Danio rerio) at the loading of 100 mg test item/L (nominal). Neither clinical signs nor mortality were observed throughout the study. Thus, no toxicity effect value LC50 for acute toxicity was calculated. The 50 % lethal loading (LL50) based on the nominal loading was determined to be > 100 mg/L. The NOEC based on the visual observation of clinical signs and mortality is reported as ≥ 100 mg/L (NOEL ≥ 100 mg/L).
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