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Reaction mass of Amines, C10-14-branched and linear alkyl, [1-[(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenolato(2-)][1-[(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenolato(2-)]chromate(1-) and Amines, C10-14-branched and linear alkyl, bis[1-[(2-hydroxy-4-nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenolato(2-)]chromate(1-) and Amines, C10-14-branched and linear alkyl, bis[1-[(2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)azo]-2-naphthalenolato(2-)]chromate(1-)
EC number: 939-191-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Bioaccumulation potential:
- no bioaccumulation potential
- Absorption rate - oral (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - dermal (%):
- 50
- Absorption rate - inhalation (%):
- 100
Additional information
There are no studies available that investigate the toxicokinetic behaviour of the substance. However, based on the molecular structure and physicochemical properties a toxicokinetic assessment can be performed.
Absorption
Uptake of the substance in the intestines is, based on the low water solubility and relatively large molecular weight of the undissociated complex, expected to be limited (ECHA guidance R7c Table R.7.12-1). The calculated log Kow is moderate and is within the favourable range for passive diffusion. Altogether, the ingested fraction is likely to partially pass the intestine unchanged and to be excreted directly via faeces. The chromium complexes present in source and target substances are anticipated to (at least partly) dissociate in the gastric environment, leading to the release of chromium (III) and the corresponding ligands, which are also strongly coloured. The dissociation of the complex is expected to be identical for all constituents, due to the common molecular structures. This direct excretion of the unchanged substance or ligandsis potentially experimentally supported by the observed dark coloration of the faeces in the acute oral toxicity study with the source substance CAS 85186-64-7 (BASF 1972) and OECD 422 study with the target substance. In the OECD 422 (oral gavage) study with the target substance additionally, black discoloration of all organs and systemic effects were observed, which indicates that the substance is at least partially bioavailable (Charles River Laboratories 2018a). Most likely the substances are taken up after dissociation of the complex in the intestine.
Even though the log Kow is within the optimal domain for dermal absorption, absorption via the skin of neat substance is unlikely due to the physical state, estimated molecular weight, and the low water solubility (ECHA guidance R7c Table R.7.12-3). Nevertheless, based on the LLNA study, in which solubilized substance was dermally administered, absorption is suggested due to the observed black discoloration of faeces in all dose groups (BASF 2017a). Exposure via the inhalation route is expected to be limited since the substance decomposes before melting, indicating that evaporation will not occur. Based on the particle size, only a small fraction of substance has the potential to be inhaled (D10= 62 µm). However, most of the particles are too big to reach the thoracic region (particle size > 50 µm) (ECHA guidance R7c Table R.7.12-2). Based on these consideration, exposure to the substances via the inhalation route is unlikely.
Distribution
The (dissociated) substances are expected to be widely distributed through the body based on the observed staining of all organs and the eyes in the oral OECD 422 study (Charles River Laboratories 2018).Since the calculated log Kow is below 4 bioaccumulation is not expected (ECHA guidance R7c).
Metabolism
As mentioned above, the chromium complexes in the substances may dissociate in the gastrointestinal tract, releasing the ligands and chromium (III).Upon absorption, oxidation reactions on the phenyl groups and alkyl chain might be expected by Cytochrome P450 enzymes. Resulting hydroxy or epoxide groups are potential substrates for phase II conjugation reactions such as glucuronidation of glutathione conjugation. Reduction of azo bonds might also be catalysed by enzymatic processes, for example in the liver or by the microflora in the intestine.
Excretion
The observed coloration of faeces indicate that the substance(or at least the ligands of the chromium complexes) are excreted in the faeces. The excretion in the faeces might be direct (e.g. without intestinal absorption) or via biliary excretion which might occur after metabolic conversion of the substance. There are no indications for excretion via the urinary tract (e.g. no discoloration of urine or effects on the kidneys).
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