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EC number: 292-769-6 | CAS number: 90990-08-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
Since no study on ready
biodegradability is available for fatty acids, C8-18, the
biodegradability is assessed in a weight of evidence approach based on
the results of the most relevant aliphatic fatty acid structures
contained in the substance.
According to the Substance Identity Profile lauric acid (C12, CAS no.
143-07-7), myristic acid (C14, CAS no. 544-63-8), palmitic acid (C16,
CAS no. 57-10-3) and stearic acid (C18, CAS no. 57-11-4) are the most
representative structures for fatty acids, C8-18.
Experimental data as well as QSAR predictions were considered to deduce
the biodegradability of fatty acids, C12-18 and C18-unsatd.
Two biodegradability tests are available for lauric acid indicating ready biodegradability. Richterich and Mühlenberg (2001) conducted a closed bottle test according to OECD 301D. Under the test conditions, 86% oxygen consumption at a substance concentration of 2 mg/L and 62% at 5 mg/L were observed. The 10-day window was identified. In the short summary of Geisel and Berger (1998), the biodegradability was tested according to EU Method C.4 –E. The test also showed lauric acid to be readily biodegradable (85% within 30d at 2 mg/L of test substance and > 55% at 5 mg/L of test substance, passing 10-day window). Thus, lauric acid is readily biodegradable.
Results of the QSAR model BIOWIN V.4.10 (EPI Suite, 2012) predicts ready biodegradability for myristic acid. This method is based on the application of Bayesian analysis to ready biodegradation data for chemicals, derived collectively from all six OECD301 test methods plus OECD310.
Palmitic acid was tested
according to the ISO 10708 (BODIS test) which is apparently similar to
the “closed bottle test”, OECD 301 D. Three replicates with palmitic
acid at concentrations of 100 mg/L COD were incubated with non-adapted
activated sludge. The oxygen consumption was monitored during the 28 day
test period. The results clearly showed that palmitic acid was degraded
by 65% in average at day 28 (Börner, 1994).
According to the opinion of the SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE ON HEALTH AND
ENVIRONMENTAL RISKS on “Compatibility of the ISO standard 10708
(biodegradability test method) with the ultimate biodegradability
requirements imposed through Annex III of Regulation 648/2004 of
Parliament and of the Council”, the BODIS-Test/ISO 10708 shows the same
variability and biodegradation results obtained with other OECD
screening tests (SCHER, 2005). Since the pass criterion of 60%
degradation within 28 days of the ISO 10708 is consistent with those
obtained with the OECD ready biodegradability methods, palmitic acid can
be regarded as readily biodegradable.
Stearic acid, saturated was
tested by Bogers (1989) for its ready biodegradability according to OECD
301B and GLP. At concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/L the determined
degradation values were 72% and 71%, respectively at test termination
(28 d). The pass criterion for ready biodegradability (60% degradation
has to be reached within 10 days once exceeded 10% degradation) was
barely missed. Since the sampling interval was not as narrow as
recommended by the OECD guideline (sampling every second day, followed
by sampling every fifth day) this might have led to the barely missing
of the 10-day window.
Reliable results of the QSAR model BIOWIN V.4.10 (EPI Suite, 2012)
predicts ready biodegradability for stearic acid.
Overall, fatty acids, C8-18 is regarded as readily biodegradable. This judgment is consistent with the hazard assessment presented in the OECD SIDS (2009) for the category “Aliphatic Acids Category” where aliphatic fatty acids with a carbon chain length in the range of C8 – C22 were judged to be readily biodegradable.
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