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Diss Factsheets

Toxicological information

Direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other

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Administrative data

Endpoint:
direct observations: clinical cases, poisoning incidents and other
Type of information:
other: occupational case report
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
1976-77
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Case sufficiently documented, with extensive examinations (including analytical electron microscopy on lungs)

Data source

Referenceopen allclose all

Reference Type:
publication
Title:
[Pneumoconiosis due to cerium] (article in French)
Author:
Sinico M, Le Bouffant L, Paillas J, Fabre M, Trincard MD
Year:
1982
Bibliographic source:
Arch. Mal. Prof. 43(4): 249-252
Reference Type:
publication
Title:
[Pneumoconiosis and cerium] (article in French)
Author:
Le Magrex L, Jacquemin-Gaillot MJ, Raguenaud A
Year:
1979
Bibliographic source:
Arch. Mal. Prof. 40(1-2): 113-114

Materials and methods

Study type:
clinical case study
Endpoint addressed:
repeated dose toxicity: inhalation
Test guideline
Qualifier:
no guideline required
GLP compliance:
no

Test material

Constituent 1
Reference substance name:
Reference substance 001
Test material form:
solid - liquid: suspension
Details on test material:
- Name of test material (as cited in case report): Cerium oxide (Cérox).
- Description: Cerium oxide in suspension in water with no apparent dust formation. Cerium oxide is mixed with small quantities of lanthanum and neodymium fluorides or phosphates.

Method

Subjects:
- Number of subjects exposed: 1
- Sex: Female
- Age: 31 years old
- Race: Not specified
- Demographic information: Working as a glass polisher
- Known diseases: One episode of skin allergy following contact with soluble oils - Bronchitis
- Other: Smoker (one box of cigarettes per day)
- Subject did not use her personal protective equipment (clothes and gloves) while working
Route of exposure:
inhalation
Reason of exposure:
intentional, occupational
Exposure assessment:
not specified

Results and discussion

Clinical signs:
Irritation cough in the morning, with slight dyspnea and asthenia
Results of examinations:
In this case reports, lung biopsy allowed to objectify multiple macrophage granuloma surrounding dusts which were identified as cerium oxide particles by analytical electron microscopy examination. The level of exposure was unknown. The clinical evolution was favorable following withdrawal of the patient from dust exposure and a corticotherapy, resulting in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of her general condition.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Clinical examination: normal

Tuberculosis intradermo-reaction : negative

On two samples of pulmonary biopsy:

- lesions of chronic interstitial pneumonia, alveolar collapsus and minimal granuloma (collection of macrophages)

- almost unmodified parenchyma with nodular collections of histiocytes, eosinophil polynuclear lymphocytes and large macrophagic cells containing numerous pigments corresponding to some of them to iron.

X-ray diffraction analysis and electron microscopy identified the pigments as cerium oxide.

Withdrawal from dust exposure and a corticotherapy resulted in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of the general condition of the patient.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:
In this case reports, lung biopsy allowed to objectify multiple macrophage granuloma surrounding dusts which were identified as cerium oxide particles by analytical electron microscopy examination. The level of exposure was unknown. The clinical evolution was favorable following withdrawal of the patient from dust exposure and a corticotherapy, resulting in the regression of the X-ray lesions and the improvement of her general condition.