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EC number: 427-670-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 28 February 2011 - 02 March 2011
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: This study has been performed according to OECD and/or EC guidelines and according to GLP principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 011
- Report date:
- 2011
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO 6341 (Water quality - Determination of the Inhibition of the Mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea))
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Guidance document on aquatic toxicity testing of difficult substances and mixtures, OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, December 14, 2000.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Details on test material:
- Description: Yellow-brown powder
Batch: 00120R
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control according to the schedule below. In addition, the filter was retained for possible analysis of the residue.
Frequency: at t=0 h and t=48 h
Volume: 2 ml from the approximate centre of the test vessels
Storage: Samples were stored in a freezer until analysis.
At the end of the exposure period, the replicates were pooled at each concentration before sampling.
Additionally, reserve samples of 2 ml were taken for possible analysis. If not used, these samples were stored in a freezer for a maximum of three months after delivery of the draft report, pending on the decision of the sponsor for additional analysis.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The batch of the substance tested was a yellow-brown powder. The test substance was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared.
Preparation of the test solutions started with prepared individually loading rates of 1.0, 10 and
100 mg/l applying a 2-day period of magnetic stirring to achieve maximum dissolution in test medium. The obtained aqueous mixture was filtered through a 0.45 µm membrane filter (Whatman, rc 55) and the clear and colourless filtrates were used as test concentrations. The lowest test concentration was prepared by subsequent dilution of the filtrate prepared at the loading rate of 1.0 mg/l in test medium.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Species: Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by acyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history.
Reason for selection: This system has been selected as an internationally accepted invertebrate species.
Validity of batch: Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
Characteristics: For the test selection of young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- none
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/l expressed as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- The temperature of the test medium was 20.8 °C at the start of the test. The temperature continuously measured in a temperature control vessel varied between 19.3 and 20.1°C during the test, and complied with the requirements as laid down in the protocol (18-22°C, constant within 2°C).
- pH:
- 7.6-8.0
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 9.4-9.8
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- See table below in materials and methods. The measured concentration in the sample taken from the highest test concentration at the start of the test was 18 mg/l. During the exposure period the measured concentration remained constant (97% of initial). Based on these results the effect parameters were expressed in terms of the initially measured concentrations.
- Details on test conditions:
- - Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: glass, 100 ml, normal headspace, 80 ml
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4 for the highest concentration and 2 for the lower concentrations
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Adjusted ISO medium: the following chemicals (analytical grade) are dissolved in tap water purified by Reverse Osmosis (RO-water, GEON Waterbehandeling, Berkel-Enschot, The Netherlands):
Macro salts:
CaCl2.2H2O : 211.5 mg/l
MgSO4.7H2O: 88.8 mg/l
NaHCO3 : 46.7 mg/l
KCl : 4.2 mg/l
The hardness: 180 mg/l expressed as CaCO3 and the pH: 7.7 ± 0.3 after aeration.
- Culture medium different from test medium: yes, for culturing M7 medium is used
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 hours photoperiod daily
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : EC50 t=24, 48 h and NOEC
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 10
- Test concentrations:control and 0.45 µm filtered solutions prepared at loading rates of 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/l. In addition a ten-fold dilution of the filtrate prepared at a loading rate of 1.0 mg/l - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 18 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: .
- Duration:
- 24 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 18 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: .
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 18 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (initial)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Remarks on result:
- other: .
- Details on results:
- No immobility was observed at any concentration tested.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The 24h-EC50 was 0.77 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 0.72 and 0.86 mg/l.
The 48h-EC50 was 0.57 mg/l with a 95% confidence interval between 0.52 and 0.66 mg/l. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- No EC50 could be calculated because the test substance proved to be non-toxic (EC50 > maximum soluble concentration tested).
Any other information on results incl. tables
Acute immobilisation of daphnids after 24 and 48 hours
Test substance Filtrate prep. at (mg/l) |
Vessel number
|
Number Daphnia exposed |
Response at 24 h |
Response at 48 h |
||
number |
Total % |
number |
Total % |
|||
control |
A B C D |
5 5 5 5 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0
|
10% of 1.0 |
A B |
5 5 |
0 0 |
0 |
0 0 |
0 |
1.0
|
A B |
5 5 |
0 0 |
0 |
0 0 |
0 |
10 |
A B |
5 5 |
0 0 |
0 |
0 0 |
0 |
100 (18) |
A B C D |
5 5 5 5 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 |
0 0 0 0 |
0 |
( ) between brackets: Initial concentration
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test substance did not induce acute immobilisation of Daphnia magna at 17.8 mg/l after 48 hours of exposure (NOEC).
The 48h-EC50 was beyond the range tested, i.e. exceeded an initially measured concentration of 18 mg/l.
Due to low solubility of the test substance the concentrations that might be toxic to Daphnia magna could not be reached.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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