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EC number: 291-813-1 | CAS number: 90480-76-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 19 March 2018 - 18 May 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- April 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.2 (Acute Toxicity for Daphnia)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Control, 0.10, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2, 10 mg/L
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: The samples were stored frozen prior to analysis. - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Nominal amounts of test item (5.0, 16 and 50 mg) were each separately added to the surface of 5 liters of test water to give the 1.0, 3.2 and 10 mg/L loading rates respectively. After the addition of the test item, the test water was stirred by magnetic stirrer using a stirring rate such that a vortex was formed to give a dimple at the water surface. The stirring was stopped after 23 hours and the mixtures allowed to stand for 1-Hour. A wide bore glass tube, covered at one end with Nescofilm was submerged into the vessel, sealed end down, to a depth of approximately 5 cm from the bottom of the vessel. A length of Tygon tubing was inserted into the glass tube and pushed through the Nescofilm seal. The aqueous phase or WAF was removed by mid depth siphoning (the first 75 to 100 mL discarded) to give the 1.0, 3.2 and 10 mg/L loading rate WAFs. Microscopic inspection of the WAFs showed no micro dispersions or undissolved test item to be present. A series of dilutions was made from the 1.0 mg/L test concentration to give further test concentrations of 0.10 and 0.32 mg/L loading rate WAF.
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: water flea
- Strain/clone: clone 5, originally supplied by University of Sheffield/UK
- Source: in-house laboratory cultures
- Feeding during test: no
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation conditions: Elendt M7 medium
- Type and amount of food: Each culture was fed daily with a mixture of algal suspension (Desmodesmus subspicatus) and Tetramin® flake food suspension.
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES:
Gravid adults were isolated the day before initiation of the test, such that the young daphnids produced overnight were less than 24 hours old. These young were removed from the cultures and used for testing. The diet and diluent water are considered not to contain any contaminant that would affect the integrity or outcome of the study. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Test temperature:
- 20 °C to 22 ºC
- pH:
- 7.9 - 8.0 at test start; 7.7 - 7.8 at end of exposure period
- Dissolved oxygen:
- 8.6 - 8.8 mg/L at test start; 8.7 - 8.9 mg/L at end of exposure period
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- nominal loading rates: Control, 0.10, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2, 10 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: 150 mL beakers containing approximately 100 mL of test preparation
- Aeration: no
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: no
- Photoperiod: 16 h light / 8 h darkness with 20 minute dawn and dusk transition periods
- Light intensity: between 200 and 1200 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
immobilization or adverse reactions to exposure were recorded at 24 and 48 hours after the start of exposure
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: Control, 1.0, 10, 100 mg/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study:
Immobilization was observed at all test concentrations. Based on the results of the range finding test loading rates of 0.10, 0.32, 1.0, 3.2 and 10 mg/L were selected for the definitive test. Chemical analysis of the test preparations at 0 hours showed measured test concentrations of 8.6 to 165 mg/L. Chemical analysis of the test preparations at 48 hours showed measured test concentrations of 5.2 to 179 mg/L. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- potassium dichromate
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Remarks:
- loading rate WAF
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Details on results:
- - Behavioural abnormalities: No sub lethal effects of exposure were observed throughout the test at test concentrations of 0.10, 0.32, 1.0 and 3.2 mg/L loading rate WAF. A sub lethal effect of exposure was observed 10 mg/L loading rate WAF. The response was reduced mobility.
- Mortality of control: 10% mortality in control (2/20)
- Observations on Test Item Solubility:
Observations on the test media were carried out during the mixing and testing of the WAFs.
At the start of the mixing period the 1.0, 3.2 and 10 mg/L test concentrations were observed to be clear colorless water columns with test item floating on the surface. After 23 hours stirring and a 1 Hour standing period the test concentrations were observed to remain as at the start of mixing. Microscopic inspection of the WAFs showed no micro dispersions or undissolved test item to be present.
At the start and throughout the test all control and test solutions were observed to be clear colorless solutions. - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- - Results with reference substance valid?
yes
- Relevant effect levels: 24 h EC50 = 0.79 mg/L (95% c.i. 0.73 - 0.86 mg/L)
- The results of the inter laboratory tests and a Technical Corrigendum to ISO 6341 give a 24 Hour EC50 for potassium dichromate within the range 0.6 mg/L to 2.1 mg/L - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EL50 values and associated confidence limits at 24 and 48 hours and the slope of the response curve and its standard error were calculated by Probit analysis using Linear Maximum Likelihood regression. The Lowest Observed Effect Loading rate (LOEL) and the No Ovserved Effect Loading Rate (NOEL) rate at 24 and 48 hours were calculated using the Fisher’s Exact Binomial Test with Bonferroni correction. All results were calculated using the ToxRat Professional computer software package (TOXRAT).
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 48 h EL50 of CGE-PMDA adduct was 8.4 mg/L (nominal loading rate WAF).
- Executive summary:
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of CGE-PMDA adduct to Daphnia magna. The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (April 2004) No 202, "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test" referenced as Method C.2 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008
Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the test, the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Following a preliminary range‑finding test and initial experiment, 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) of the test item over a range of nominal loading rates of0.10,0.32,1.0,3.2and10 mg/L for 48 hours at a temperature of 20 °C to 22 °C under static test conditions. The number of immobilized daphnia and any adverse reactions to exposure were recorded after 24 and 48 hours.
Chemical analysis of the fresh test preparations at 0 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.10 to 5.3 mg/L. Chemical analysis of the aged test preparations at 48 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.076 to 5.8 mg/L.
The dissolved test item may have been one or several components of the test item. Given that the toxicity cannot be attributed to a single component or a mixture of components, but to the test item as a whole, the results were based on nominal loading rates only.
Exposure of Daphnia magna to the test item gave the following results:
Time Point
(Hours)EL50
(mg/L Loading Rate WAF)95% Confidence Limits (mg/L Loading Rate WAF)
NOEL
(mg/L)LOEL
(mg/L)48
8.4
Not determined due to the nature of the data*
3.2
10
*Unable to be determined due to only the top concentration showing significant yet partial immobilization.
Reference
Cumulative Immobilization Data and Observations in the Range‑finding Test
Nominal Loading Rate |
Observations (Initial Population: 5 Per Replicate) |
|||||||
24 Hours |
48 Hours |
|||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
|||||
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
|
Control |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
5 N |
0 |
0 |
5 N |
5 N |
1.0 |
1 |
0 |
4 N |
5 N |
1 |
0 |
4 N |
5 N |
10 |
5 |
5 |
AI |
AI |
5 |
5 |
AI |
AI |
100 |
5 |
5 |
AI |
AI |
5 |
5 |
AI |
AI |
Cumulative Immobilization Data and Observations in the Definitive Test
Nominal Loading Rate |
24 Hours |
|||||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
|||||||||
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
Total |
% |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
|
Control |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
5 N |
4 N |
4 N |
5 N |
0.10 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
4 N |
5 N |
5 N |
0.32 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
5 N |
5 N |
4 N |
1.0 |
2 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
3 |
15 |
3 N |
5 N |
4 N |
5 N |
3.2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
5 N |
4 N |
5 N |
10 |
2 |
3 |
1 |
5 |
11 |
55 |
3 N |
2 R |
4 N |
AI |
|
||||||||||
Nominal Loading Rate |
48 Hours |
|||||||||
Cumulative Immobilized Daphnia |
Observations |
|||||||||
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
Total |
% |
Rep1 |
Rep2 |
Rep3 |
Rep4 |
|
Control |
0 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
5 N |
4 N |
4 N |
5 N |
0.10 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
10 |
5 N |
3 N |
5 N |
5 N |
0.32 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
10 |
5 N |
4 N |
5 N |
4 N |
1.0 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
0 |
4 |
20 |
3 N |
4 N |
4 N |
5 N |
3.2 |
0 |
0 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
5 |
5 N |
5 N |
4 N |
5 N |
10 |
2 |
5 |
2 |
5 |
14 |
70 |
3 N |
AI |
3 N |
AI |
Rep= Replicate
N = Normal
R = Reduced mobility
AI = All daphnia immobilized
Description of key information
48 h EL50 = 8.4 mg/L (OECD TG 202; Daphnia magna; WAF)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 8.4 mg/L
Additional information
A study was performed to assess the acute toxicity of CGE-PMDA adduct to Daphnia magna. The method followed was designed to be compatible with the OECD Guidelines for Testing of Chemicals (April 2004) No 202, "Daphnia sp., Acute Immobilisation Test" referenced as Method C.2 of Commission Regulation (EC) No. 440/2008
Due to the low aqueous solubility and complex nature of the test item, for the purposes of the test, the test medium was prepared as a Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF).
Following a preliminary range‑finding test and initial experiment, 20 daphnids (4 replicates of 5 animals) were exposed to Water Accommodated Fractions (WAFs) of the test item over a range of nominal loading rates of 0.10,0.32,1.0,3.2 and 10 mg/L for 48 hours at a temperature of 20 °C to 22 °C under static test conditions. The number of immobilized daphnia and any adverse reactions to exposure were recorded after 24 and 48 hours.
Chemical analysis of the fresh test preparations at 0 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.10 to 5.3 mg/L. Chemical analysis of the aged test preparations at 48 hours showed measured test concentrations to range from 0.076 to 5.8 mg/L.
The dissolved test item may have been one or several components of the test item. Given that the toxicity cannot be attributed to a single component or a mixture of components, but to the test item as a whole, the results were based on nominal loading rates only.
Exposure of Daphnia magna to the test item gave the following results:
Time Point |
EL50 |
95% Confidence Limits (mg/L Loading Rate WAF) |
NOEL |
LOEL |
48 |
8.4 |
Not determined due to the nature of the data |
3.2 |
10 |
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