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EC number: 219-455-3 | CAS number: 2439-01-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Description of key information
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Skin irritation / corrosion
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- skin corrosion: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 29 to 31 August 2017
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 431 (In Vitro Skin Corrosion: Human Skin Model Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Bx 160722-01
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 22 July 2018
- Purity test date: no data
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: 15 - 25°C below 70% RH.
- Stability under test conditions: no data
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle:
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium:
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing:
- Preliminary purification step (if any):
- Final dilution of a dissolved solid, stock liquid or gel:
- Final preparation of a solid:
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)
OTHER SPECIFICS: - Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Cell source:
- other: Adult human-derived epidermal keratinocytes are seeded on a dermal substitute consisting of a collagen type I matrix coated with type IV collagen.
- Justification for test system used:
- The EPISKINTM(SM) model has been validated for corrosivity testing in an international trial (Fentem, 1998) and its use is recommended by the relevant OECD guideline for corrosivity testing (OECD No. 431); therefore, it was considered to be suitable for this study.
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used: Adult human derived epidermal keratinocytes
- Tissue batch number(s):
- Production date:
- Shipping date:
- Delivery date:
- Date of initiation of testing:
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure: 37°C
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps:
- Observable damage in the tissue due to washing:
- Modifications to validated SOP:
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration:
- Incubation time:
- Spectrophotometer:
- Wavelength:
- Filter:
- Filter bandwidth:
- Linear OD range of spectrophotometer:
FUNCTIONAL MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL DATA
- Viability:
- Barrier function:
- Morphology:
- Contamination:
- Reproducibility:
NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES:
CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
- Fresh tissues / killed tissues
- Procedure used to prepare the killed tissues (if applicable):
- N. of replicates :
- Method of calculation used:
NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION:
PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA (choose relevant statement)
- The test substance is considered to be corrosive to skin if [complete, e.g. the viability after 3 minutes exposure is less than 50%, or if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 50 % and the viability after 1 hour exposure is less than 15%.]
- The test substance is considered to be non-corrosive to skin if [complete, e.g. the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 50% and the viability after 1 hour exposure is greater than or equal to 15%.]
- Justification for the selection of the cut-off point(s) if different than recommended in TG 431 and 439: - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 4 hours
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- The viability of each disk was assessed by incubating the tissues for 3 hours with MTT solution.
- Number of replicates:
- 6
- Type of coverage:
- occlusive
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: Optical density
- Run / experiment:
- Mean
- Value:
- 0.727
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- no indication of irritation
- Interpretation of results:
- GHS criteria not met
- Conclusions:
- The results of this study indicate that chinomethionate is not corrosive to skin.
- Endpoint:
- skin irritation: in vitro / ex vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 13 September 2017
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 439 (In Vitro Skin Irritation: Reconstructed Human Epidermis Test Method)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: Bx 160722-01
- Expiration date of the lot/batch: 22 July 2018
- Purity test date:
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Controlled room temperature (15-25 ºC, below 70 RH%) - Stability under test conditions:
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle:
- Reactivity of the test substance with the solvent/vehicle of the cell culture medium:
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing:
- Preliminary purification step (if any):
- Final dilution of a dissolved solid, stock liquid or gel:
- Final preparation of a solid:
FORM AS APPLIED IN THE TEST (if different from that of starting material)
TYPE OF BIOCIDE/PESTICIDE FORMULATION (if applicable)
OTHER SPECIFICS: - Test system:
- human skin model
- Source species:
- human
- Cell type:
- non-transformed keratinocytes
- Source strain:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on test system:
- RECONSTRUCTED HUMAN EPIDERMIS (RHE) TISSUE
- Model used:
- Tissue batch number(s):
- Production date:
- Shipping date:
- Delivery date:
- Date of initiation of testing:
TEMPERATURE USED FOR TEST SYSTEM
- Temperature used during treatment / exposure:
- Temperature of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
REMOVAL OF TEST MATERIAL AND CONTROLS
-Volume and number of washing steps:
- Observable damage in the tissue due to washing:
- Modifications to validated SOP:
MTT DYE USED TO MEASURE TISSUE VIABILITY AFTER TREATMENT / EXPOSURE
- MTT concentration:
- Incubation time:
- Spectrophotometer:
- Wavelength:
- Filter:
- Filter bandwidth:
- Linear OD range of spectrophotometer:
FUNCTIONAL MODEL CONDITIONS WITH REFERENCE TO HISTORICAL DATA
- Viability:
- Barrier function:
- Morphology:
- Contamination:
- Reproducibility:
NUMBER OF REPLICATE TISSUES:
CONTROL TISSUES USED IN CASE OF MTT DIRECT INTERFERENCE
- Fresh tissues / killed tissues
- Procedure used to prepare the killed tissues (if applicable):
- N. of replicates :
- Method of calculation used:
NUMBER OF INDEPENDENT TEST SEQUENCES / EXPERIMENTS TO DERIVE FINAL PREDICTION:
PREDICTION MODEL / DECISION CRITERIA (choose relevant statement)
- The test substance is considered to be corrosive to skin if [complete, e.g. the viability after 3 minutes exposure is less than 50%, or if the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 50 % and the viability after 1 hour exposure is less than 15%.]
- The test substance is considered to be non-corrosive to skin if [complete, e.g. the viability after 3 minutes exposure is greater than or equal to 50% and the viability after 1 hour exposure is greater than or equal to 15%.]
- Justification for the selection of the cut-off point(s) if different than recommended in TG 431 and 439: - Control samples:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Amount/concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 10mg
- Concentration (if solution):
VEHICLE
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit):
- Concentration (if solution):
- Lot/batch no. (if required):
- Purity:
NEGATIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50µL
- Concentration (if solution):
POSITIVE CONTROL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight): 50µL
- Concentration (if solution): 5% w/v - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 42hr
- Duration of post-treatment incubation (if applicable):
- After the 42 hours incubation, all EPISKINTM (SM) units (except the two living colour control units in Experiment I) were transferred into the MTT working solution filled wells (2 mL of 0.3 mg/mL MTT per well). Then, all transferred EPISKINTM (SM) units were incubated for 3 hours (± 5 min) at 37°C in an incubator with 5% CO2 protected from light, in a >95% humidified atmosphere.
- Number of replicates:
- 3
- Irritation / corrosion parameter:
- other: Optical density
- Run / experiment:
- mean
- Value:
- 0.312
- Vehicle controls validity:
- not applicable
- Negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Remarks on result:
- positive indication of irritation
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritant) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- In conclusion, in this in vitro EPISKINTM (SM) model test with Chinomethionate (Batch number: 160722-01), the results indicate that the test item is irritant to skin, UN GHS Classification: Category 2 (since the test item is known not to be corrosive).
Referenceopen allclose all
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Eye irritation
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- eye irritation: in vivo
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 12 September 1994 - 26September 1994
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 405 (Acute Eye Irritation / Corrosion)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPP 81-4 (Acute Eye Irritation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OTS 798.4500 (Acute Eye Irritation)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: JMAFF, Guidence on Toxicology Study Data for Application of Agricultural Chemical Registration, 59 NohSan No. 4200, January 1985.
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source of test material: MILES INC, Agricultural Division, Box 4913, Hawthorn Road, Kansas City, Missouri 64120-0013
- Test substance: MORESTAN Technical
- CAS Registry No. 2439-01-2
- Appearence: Light yellow crystals
- Batch No. of test material: 203930103
- Purity: 93.1% (Purity test date not detailed)
STABILITY AND STORAGE CONDITIONS OF TEST MATERIAL
- Storage condition of test material: Freezer
- Stability under test conditions: Assured for the duration of use
- Solubility and stability of the test substance in the solvent/vehicle: Assumed stable for the duration of the study
- Reactivity of the test substance with the vehicle: None
TREATMENT OF TEST MATERIAL PRIOR TO TESTING
- Treatment of test material prior to testing: None - Species:
- rabbit
- Strain:
- New Zealand White
- Details on test animals or tissues and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: Small Stock Industries, Pea Ridge, Arkansas
- Age at study initiation: 11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: Not reported
- Housing: Individually in stainless steel cages with flat rod floors suspended over ALPHA-Dri bedding material. Bedding changes three times a week and and animals transferred to new cages every two weeks.Room disinfected once every three weeks.
- Diet: Provided with 125g of maintance diet
- Water ad libitum
- Acclimation period: Six weeks
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 18 -24
- Humidity (%): 40-70
- Air changes (per hr): No reported
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12
IN-LIFE DATES: From: To: 12 September 1994 (Experimental start) to 26 September 1994 (Experimental Ternination date) - Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Controls:
- not required
- Amount / concentration applied:
- TEST MATERIAL
- Amount(s) applied (volume or weight with unit): 0.63 mg (weight-equavalent to 0.1 mL)
- Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 14 Days
- Observation period (in vivo):
- Each treated animal eye was evaluated at 1, 24 48 and 72 hours in accordence with the criteria for evaluation of ocular reactions. At 7 and 14 days animals were evaluated to further charactorise the time-course and reversibility of lesions.
- Number of animals or in vitro replicates:
- Six young-adult male New Zealand White rabbits
- Details on study design:
- Rabbits were examined with 24 hours of study initiation and classified as free from eye irritation and corneal or iridal injury. 63 mg (weight-equivalent to 0.1 mL) of test item was then placed in the conjunctival sac of the left eye and the eyelids held closed for approx one second. The right eye received no test item and acted as the untreated control.
No washing of the eye is reported after test substance exposure
SCORING SYSTEM (Starred (*) figures indicate positive effect)
Criteria for Evaluation of Ocular Reactions
Cornea:
Opacity - degree of density (area most dense taken for reading)
No ulceration or opacity 0
Scattered or diffuse areas of opacity (other than a slight dulling of the normal luster), details of iris clearly visible 1*
Easily discernible translucent area, details of iris slightly obscured 2*
Nacreous area, no details of iris visible, size of pupil barely discernible 3*
Opaque cornea, iris not discernible through the opacity 4*
Iris
Normal 0
Folds markedly deepened, congestion, swelling, circumcorneal injection (any/all of these or combination of any thereof), iris still reacting to light (sluggish reaction is positive) 1*
No reaction to light, hemorrhage, gross destruction (any or all of these) 2*
Conjunctiva
Redness (refers to palpebral and bulbar conjunctivae, cornea and iris)
Vessels normal 0
Some vessels definitely injected above normal 1
Diffuse, deeper crimson red, individual vessels not easily discernible 2*
Diffuse beefy red 3*
Chemosis (lids and/or nictitating membranes)
No swelling 0
Any swelling above normal (includes nictitating membrane) 1
Obvious swelling with partial eversion of lids 2*
Swelling with lids about half closed 3*
Swelling with lids about closed to completely closed 4*
Discharge
No discharge 0
Any amount different from normal (does not include small amounts observed in inner canthus of normal animals) 1
Discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs just adjacent to lids 2
Discharge with moistening of the lids and hairs and considerable area around the eye 3
TOOL USED TO ASSESS SCORE: Penlight to facilitate evalauation - Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 62
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.3
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 62
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 62
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.6
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 62
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 63
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 63
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 63
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 63
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 64
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3.3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 64
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.3
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 64
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 64
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 65
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 65
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 65
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.6
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 65
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.6
- Max. score:
- 3
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 66
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 66
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 66
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.6
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 66
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 67
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 67
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 0.6
- Max. score:
- 1
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 67
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.6
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 67
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 2
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- cornea opacity score
- Basis:
- animal: 68
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- iris score
- Basis:
- animal: 68
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 1.3
- Max. score:
- 2
- Irritation parameter:
- conjunctivae score
- Basis:
- animal: 68
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 3
- Max. score:
- 4
- Irritation parameter:
- chemosis score
- Basis:
- animal: 968
- Time point:
- 24/48/72 h
- Score:
- 4
- Max. score:
- 3
- Interpretation of results:
- Category 2 (irritating to eyes) based on GHS criteria
- Conclusions:
- Six young-adult male New Zealand White rabbits were used to determine the potential for technical grade MORESTAN to cause primary eye irritation. Corneal and iridal irritation (grades 2 and 1, respectively) persisted in two animals to study termination. Conjunctiva! redness and chemosis (grades 1-3 and 1-4, respectively) were first observed at one hour and were present in all animals by 24 hours after dosing. These signs resolved by study termination (day 14) in five of six animals. Discharge (grades 1-3) was observed in all six animals at one hour post-dosing and was resolved in all animals by day 7 post-dosing. All positive signs of conjuctival irritation were resolved by day 14 after exposure.
Based on these results, technical grade MORESTAN was judged to be a severe irritant to the eye of the rabbit.
Reference
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- adverse effect observed (irritating)
Respiratory irritation
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no study available
Additional information
Justification for classification or non-classification
The results indicate that the test item is irritant to skin, UN GHS Classification: Category 2 (since the test item is known not to be corrosive).
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.