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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 701-182-0 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
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Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- other company data
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 013
- Report date:
- 2013
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Ecotoxicity screening studies were conducted in which a biomimetic extraction technique using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) in conjunction with gas chromatography (GC) was employed to assess the level of water soluble hydrocarbons and hence the potential toxicity of the water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of the test samples. In addition, the toxicity of WAFs was also monitored using an in-vitro MicrotoxTM assay, a biosensor-based measurement system.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of study / information:
- Leaching of the thickener from base oils for a range of greases
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Lithium soaps
- IUPAC Name:
- Lithium soaps
- Test material form:
- other: Grease: thickener in a base oil
- Details on test material:
- 1) Lithium soap grease (HCO/LiOH), between 10 and 15% thickener, no additives
2) Lithium-calcium mixed soap (HCO/LiOH/Ca(OH)2), between 10 and 15% thickener, no additives
3) Lithium complex soap (boric acid/HCOFA/LiOH), between 10 and 15% thickener, no additives
4) Lithium complex soap (boric acid/HCOFA/LiOH), between 10 and 15% thickener, no additives
Constituent 1
Results and discussion
Any other information on results incl. tables
Results and Conclusions
The SPME and Microtox results for the WAFs of the grease samples at 1000 mg/L loading rate are as follows:
Grease sample | SPME-GC | Microtox reading | |
(Total peak area) | (5 min) | (15 min) | |
Lithium soap grease | 489,674 | >100 | >100 |
Lithium-calcium mixed soap grease | 412,232 | >100 | >100 |
Lithium complex soap 1 | 548,207 | >100 | >100 |
Lithium complex soap 2 | 512,000 | >100 | >100 |
The metal analyses were as follows:
Grease sample | Calcium (mg/L) | Lithium (mg/L) |
Lithium soap grease | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Lithium-calcium mixed soap grease | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Lithium complex soap 1 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Lithium complex soap 2 | <0.1 | <0.1 |
Both sets of screening data confirm that there is no apparent toxicity associated with any of the samples at the 1000 mg/L loading rate. The SPME-GC data summarised above, supported by the chromatograms, confirm that the total peak area counts are all extremely low and equivalent to background readings associated with a control sample (i.e. a WAF without any test sample added).
All of the results for calcium and lithium analysis were below the limit of detection for the method, hence all results are reported as <0.1 mg/L.
The screening ecotoxicity data (using SPME-GC and the in-vitro Microtox assay), confirm a lack of toxicity of the greases.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- There is negligible leaching of the thickeners from base oils in the samples tested. The SPME-GC data confirm that the total peak area counts are all extremely low and equivalent to background readings associated with a control sample. All of the results for calcium and lithium analysis were below the limit of detection for the method, hence all results are reported as <0.1 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
It was proposed that leaching studies be undertaken on thickeners in base oils to provide additional support to the grease thickener testing strategy. Information generated during the screening studies will be of relevance and value to the risk assessment of a wide range of grease thickeners and to assess the potential bioavailability of grease and other lubricant components.
The approach for the PU thickeners was to use a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) method combined with gas chromatography (GC) to assess the bioaccumulation potential of the water accommodated fractions (WAFs) of PU based grease. This approach was also used to assess the availability of the organic complexes of the metal based grease thickeners (e.g. lithium based complexes), but it was recommended that these would be complemented with metal ion analysis of the WAFs to determine whether the metal leaches out of the base grease during WAF preparation. Ecotoxicity screening studies were conducted in order to determine whether there was any toxicity associated with the grease samples. The toxicity of WAFs was monitored using an in vitro Microtox assay, a biosensor-based measurement system.
The results of the bioavailability potential of the water accommodated fractions (WAFs), the metal ion analysis and the screening ecotoxicity of lithium and calcium based complexes have been read across to aluminium based thickeners. The metal salts of fatty acids are expected to behave in a very similar manner when entrained within a grease matrix, with high temperature stability indicating that the thickener structure is robust and resistant to diffusion out of the oil. The screening ecotoxicity data (using SPME-GC and the in-vitro Microtox assay), confirm a lack of toxicity of the greases. Metal analyses confirm that there was no noticeable leaching of metal ions from the grease samples and therefore no leaching of aluminium ions would be expected either.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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