1,1'-(4-chlorobutylidene)bis[4-fluorobenzene]

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

(Q)SAR

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

results derived from a valid (Q)SAR model and falling into its applicability domain, with limited documentation / justification

Justification for type of information:

Data is from OECD QSAR toolbox version.3.3 and QMRF report has been attached.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Predicted data

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Prediction is done using QSAR Toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary discriptors.

GLP compliance:

no

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material :1-[4-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)butyl]-4-fluorobenzene
- Molecular formula): C16H15ClF2
- Molecular weight : 280.743 g/mol
- Smiles notation : c1(C(c2ccc(cc2)F)CCCCl)ccc(cc1)F
- InChl: 1S/C16H15ClF2/c17-11-1-2-16(12-3-7-14(18)8-4-12)13-5-9-15(19)10-6-13/h3-10,16H,1-2,11H2
- Substance type: Organic
- Physical state: Liquid

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

124.54 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

estimated

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: not toxic

The prediction was based on dataset comprised from the following descriptors: EC50
Estimation method: Takes average value from the 5 nearest neighbours
Domain  logical expression:Result: In Domain

(((((((("a" or "b" or "c" or "d" )  and ("e" and ( not "f") )  )  and ("g" and ( not "h") )  )  and "i" )  and ("j" and ( not "k") )  )  and ("l" and ( not "m") )  )  and ("n" and ( not "o") )  )  and ("p" and "q" )  )

Domain logical expression index: "a"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN2 AND SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom AND SN2 >> SN2 at an sp3 Carbon atom >> Aliphatic halides by DNA binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "b"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN2 AND SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom AND SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl halides  by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "c"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN2 AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl halides by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "d"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Class 1 (narcosis or baseline toxicity) by Acute aquatic toxicity classification by Verhaar (Modified)

Domain logical expression index: "e"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN2 AND SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom AND SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl halides  by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "f"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Acylation OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >> (Thio)Acyl and (thio)carbamoyl halides and cyanides  OR Acylation >> Direct acylation involving a leaving group >> Carbamates  OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis OR Acylation >> Ester aminolysis or thiolysis >> Carbamates  OR AN2 OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds OR AN2 >> Michael addition to activated double bonds >> alpha,beta-Unsaturated Carbonyls and Related Compounds OR AN2 >> Michael type nucleophilic addition and Schiff base formation OR AN2 >> Michael type nucleophilic addition and Schiff base formation >> Halogenated Vicinal Hydrocarbons OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to activated double bonds in vinyl pyridines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to activated double bonds in vinyl pyridines >> Ethenyl Pyridines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> N-Substituted Aromatic Amines OR AN2 >> Michael-type addition to quinoid structures  >> Substituted Phenols OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to pyridonimine tautomer of aminopyridoindoles or aminopyridoimidazoles (hypothesized) OR AN2 >> Nucleophilic addition to pyridonimine tautomer of aminopyridoindoles or aminopyridoimidazoles (hypothesized) >> Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines OR Michael addition OR Michael addition >> Michael addition on conjugated systems with electron withdrawing group OR Michael addition >> Michael addition on conjugated systems with electron withdrawing group >> Conjugated systems with electron withdrawing groups  OR Michael addition >> Michael addition on polarised Alkenes OR Michael addition >> Michael addition on polarised Alkenes >> Polarised Alkene - alkenyl pyridines, pyrazines, pyrimidines or triazines  OR No alert found OR Nucleophilic addition OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds OR Nucleophilic addition >> Addition to carbon-hetero double bonds >> Ketones OR Radical reactions OR Radical reactions >> Free radical formation OR Radical reactions >> Free radical formation >> Organic peroxy compounds OR Radical reactions >> ROS Generation OR Radical reactions >> ROS Generation >> Sterically Hindered Piperidine Derivatives OR Radical reactions >> ROS generation and direct attack of hydroxyl radical to the C8 position of nucleoside base OR Radical reactions >> ROS generation and direct attack of hydroxyl radical to the C8 position of nucleoside base >> Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines OR SE reaction (CYP450-activated heterocyclic amines) OR SE reaction (CYP450-activated heterocyclic amines) >> Direct attack of arylnitrenium cation to the C8 position of nucleoside base  OR SE reaction (CYP450-activated heterocyclic amines) >> Direct attack of arylnitrenium cation to the C8 position of nucleoside base  >> Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution at sp3 carbon atom >> alpha-Activated haloalkanes  OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution on benzilyc carbon atom OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic substitution on benzilyc carbon atom >> alpha-Activated benzyls  OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic type substitution together with ring-opening of an episulfonium ion intermediate OR SN2 >> Nucleophilic type substitution together with ring-opening of an episulfonium ion intermediate >> Halogenated Vicinal Hydrocarbons OR SN2 >> Ring opening SN2 reaction OR SN2 >> Ring opening SN2 reaction >> Epoxides, Aziridines and Sulfuranes  OR SN2 >> Ring opening SN2 reaction >> Mustard compounds  OR SNAr OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds OR SNAr >> Nucleophilic aromatic substitution on activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds >> Activated aryl and heteroaryl compounds OR SNVinyl OR SNVinyl >> SNVinyl at a vinylic (sp2) carbon atom OR SNVinyl >> SNVinyl at a vinylic (sp2) carbon atom >> Vinyl type compounds with electron withdrawing groups  OR SR reaction (peroxidase-activated heterocyclic amines) OR SR reaction (peroxidase-activated heterocyclic amines) >> Direct attack of arylnitrenium radical to the C8 position of nucleoside base OR SR reaction (peroxidase-activated heterocyclic amines) >> Direct attack of arylnitrenium radical to the C8 position of nucleoside base >> Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines by Protein binding by OASIS v1.4

Domain logical expression index: "g"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as SN2 AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom AND SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Alkyl halides by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "h"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No alert found OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> beta-Halo ethers OR SN2 >> SN2 reaction at sp3 carbon atom >> Phosphates by Protein binding by OECD

Domain logical expression index: "i"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Slow by Bioaccumulation - metabolism half-lives ONLY

Domain logical expression index: "j"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as No Data by Ultimate biodeg

Domain logical expression index: "k"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as 10 to 100 days by Ultimate biodeg

Domain logical expression index: "l"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 17 - Halogens Cl AND Group 17 - Halogens F AND Group 17 - Halogens F,Cl,Br,I,At by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "m"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 17 - Halogens Br by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "n"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 14 - Carbon C AND Group 17 - Halogens Cl AND Group 17 - Halogens F AND Group 17 - Halogens F,Cl,Br,I,At by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "o"

Referential boundary: The target chemical should be classified as Group 16 - Oxygen O by Chemical elements

Domain logical expression index: "p"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is >= 1.38

Domain logical expression index: "q"

Parametric boundary:The target chemical should have a value of log Kow which is <= 7.41

Conclusions:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7). Effect concentration i.e EC50 value estimated to be 124.54 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7) likely to be not toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be “not classified” as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Executive summary:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7). Effect concentration i.e EC50 value estimated to be 124.54 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7) likely to be not toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be “not classified” as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Description of key information

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312 -04-7). Effect concentration i.e EC50 value estimated to be 124.54 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7) likely to be not toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be “not classified” as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Fresh water invertebrates

Fresh water invertebrates

Effect concentration:

124.54 mg/L

Additional information

Following two studies for the target and read across chemical includes predicted data from OECD QSAR toolbox and experimental data from peer reviewed journal to conclude the aquatic invertebrate toxicity for 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312 -04-7) is summarized as follows:

Based on the prediction done using the OECD QSAR toolbox version 3.3 with log kow as the primary descriptor and considering the closest read across substances, the short term toxicity on aquatic invertebrate predicted for 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312 -04-7). Effect concentration i.e EC50 value estimated to be 124.54 mg/l for Daphnia magna for 48 hrs duration. It can be concluded that the 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7) likely to be not toxic to aquatic invertebrates, hence it can be considered to be “not classified” as per the CLP classification criteria for aquatic environment.

The above predicted study is supported by the experimental study of read across chemical 1-chlorobutane (CAS: 109 -69 -3) from water research 1989. suggests that The Effective concentration EC50 to 50% of 5 Daphnia magna 48 h is 3020 mg/l. In the case of defined concentrations of a substance, a specific percentage 50% of daphnids was incapable of swimming at the end of the test period. It can be concluded from the value that the 1-chlorobutane is not toxic to the aquatic environment.

Thus based on the effect concentrations which is in the range 124.54 mg/l to 3020 mg/l give the conclusion that test substance 1,1'-(4-Chlorobutylidene)bis(4-fluorobenzene) (CAS: 3312-04-7) was likely to be not toxic to aquatic invertebrate at environmentally relevant concentrations and can be considered to be“not classified”as per the CLP classification criteria.