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EC number: 203-474-9 | CAS number: 107-22-2
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Repeated dose toxicity: dermal
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term repeated dose toxicity: dermal
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- 1979
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment
- Remarks:
- The present data are from a preliminary test conducted for the purpose of dosage estimation for a main dermal carcinogenicity study (see 7.7). The data are available as secondary peer-reviewed quotation, reported in following acknowledged reviews, the CICAD 57 (2004) and the Toxicological Dossier of Glyoxal of the EFfCI (2004).
Data source
Referenceopen allclose all
- Reference Type:
- other: secondary quotation
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 979
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- The Toxicological Dossier of Glyoxal
- Author:
- Schilling K
- Year:
- 2 004
- Bibliographic source:
- The European Federation for Cosmetic Ingredients, EFfCI
- Reference Type:
- secondary source
- Title:
- CICAD 57: Glyoxal, Concise International Chemical Assessment Document, 1st draft
- Author:
- Kiehlhorn J, Pohlenz-Michel C, Schmidt S and Mangelsdorf I
- Year:
- 2 004
- Bibliographic source:
- prepared by the Fraunhofer Institute for Experimental Medicine, Hanover, Germany for the WHO (Geneva)
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- no guideline followed
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- The present study was a preliminary test conducted for the purpose of dosage estimation for a main dermal carcinogenicity study reported in chapter 7.7.
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- GLP was not compulsory at the time the study was conducted
- Limit test:
- no
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Glyoxal
- EC Number:
- 203-474-9
- EC Name:
- Glyoxal
- Cas Number:
- 107-22-2
- Molecular formula:
- C2H2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- oxalaldehyde
- Test material form:
- liquid
Constituent 1
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- SOURCE OF TEST MATERIAL
- Source and lot/batch No.of test material: BRRC sample number 41-400, identification number R9195-160 and BRRC sample number 41-429, identification number R9516-43
OTHER
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): 0.7% acid (calc. as acetic), 5.9% formaldehyde, 0.3% glycolaldehyde, 0.9% ethylene glycol (first batch)
- Impurities (identity and concentrations): 0.1% acid (calc. as acetic), 0.7% formaldehyde, 0.2% glycolaldehyde, traces of ethylene glycol (second batch)
Test animals
- Species:
- mouse
- Strain:
- C3H
- Sex:
- male
Administration / exposure
- Type of coverage:
- not specified
- Vehicle:
- water
- Details on exposure:
- -Each substance was tested as 1:4 and 1:8 dilutions in distilled water.
-Taking into account a density of 1.27g/cm3 and a mean body weight for the mice of 25 g, the dosage for the 1:4 dilution was calculated to be about 317 mg/kg bw/day referring to the test substance containing ca. 40% glyoxal, and ca. 125 mg/kg bw/day referring to the active ingredient as such.
- For the 1:8 dilution, the dosage was about 158 mg/kg bw/day referring to the test substance containing ca. 40% glyoxal, i.e. ca. 63 mg/kg bw/day referring to the active ingredient. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 2 week
- Frequency of treatment:
- each animal received one application/day, and a total of 10 applications.
Doses / concentrationsopen allclose all
- Dose / conc.:
- 63 mg/kg bw/day
- Remarks:
- referring to the active ingredient; 1:4 dilution of each test substance in distilled water
- Dose / conc.:
- 125 mg/kg bw/day
- Remarks:
- referring to the active ingredient; 1:8 dilution of each test substance in distilled water
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- Five animals per group were used
- Control animals:
- yes, concurrent no treatment
- Details on study design:
- Male C3H /HeJ mice were randomized into 5 groups of 5 animals each and received a series of 10 applications of diluted test substance onto the clipped skin of the back throughout a period of 2 weeks. The application volume was 25 µL. No further details were provided. Negative control animals received similar treatment with distilled water alone.
Examinations
- Observations and examinations performed and frequency:
- - The animals were observed and examined for mortality, health state and skin lesions.
- Body weight was recorded at test initiation and thereafter,following the first, third, fourth, sixth, eighth, ninth and tenth application; a semi-automatic weighing system was used. Body weight changes were assessed statistically. - Sacrifice and pathology:
- After the last application, all animals were sacrificed for the purpose of necropsy.
Results and discussion
Results of examinations
- Clinical signs:
- no effects observed
- Dermal irritation:
- effects observed, treatment-related
- Description (incidence and severity):
- Both substances tested as 1:4 dilutions in water resulted in open lesions of the skin; no such lesions were seen in the animals treated with the 1:8 dilutions of both test substances.
- Mortality:
- no mortality observed
- Body weight and weight changes:
- no effects observed
- Food consumption and compound intake (if feeding study):
- not examined
- Food efficiency:
- not examined
- Water consumption and compound intake (if drinking water study):
- not examined
- Ophthalmological findings:
- not examined
- Haematological findings:
- not examined
- Clinical biochemistry findings:
- not examined
- Urinalysis findings:
- not examined
- Behaviour (functional findings):
- not examined
- Immunological findings:
- not examined
- Organ weight findings including organ / body weight ratios:
- not examined
- Gross pathological findings:
- not examined
- Neuropathological findings:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: non-neoplastic:
- not examined
- Histopathological findings: neoplastic:
- not examined
Effect levels
open allclose all
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- ca. 63 mg/kg bw/day
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: referring to skin lesions
- Key result
- Dose descriptor:
- NOAEL
- Effect level:
- ca. 125 mg/kg bw/day
- Sex:
- male
- Basis for effect level:
- other: referring to systemic toxicity
Target system / organ toxicity
- Critical effects observed:
- not specified
Applicant's summary and conclusion
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.