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Physical & Chemical properties

Melting point / freezing point

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Endpoint:
melting point/freezing point
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
1996
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Remarks:
Study performed similarly to OECD Guideline 102 with minor deviations: no certificate of analysis of the test substance
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to other study
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 102 (Melting point / Melting Range)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
no certificate of analysis of the test substance
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Not applicable
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
thermal analysis
Remarks:
Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and adiabatic calorimetry
Key result
Melting / freezing pt.:
199.18 K
Remarks on result:
other: ± 0.05 K; measured using adiabatic calorimetry
Key result
Melting / freezing pt.:
199.5 K
Remarks on result:
other: ± 0.5 K; measured using differential scanning calorimetry

Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC):

- Upon heating, all samples showed the glass transition, but only about one in five samples crystallized and subsequently melted. The samples that did crystallize were, after melting, subjected to the cooling and heating procedure a second time. Only one of these samples, out of a series of four, crystallized once more. The reported temperature of melting was 199.5 ± 0.5 K.

- It proved to be hard to crystallize d-limonene in a DSC apparatus therefore a more precise determination of the temperature and enthalpy of melting was performed using adiabatic calorimetry.

 

Adiabatic calorimetry:

- The measured temperature and enthalpy of melting are 199.18 ± 0.05 K and 11.38 ± 0.02 kJ.mol-1.

Conclusions:
By DSC, the melting temperature of d-limonene was determined to be 199.5 ± 0.5 K. By adiabatic calorimetry, the measured temperature and enthalpy of melting were found to be 199.18 ± 0.05 K and 11.38 ± 0.02 kJ/mol, respectively.
Executive summary:

A study was performed similarly to OECD Guideline 102 to determine the melting point of d-limonene using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and adiabatic calorimetry.

 

By DSC, the melting temperature of d-limonene was determined to be 199.5 ± 0.5 K. By adiabatic calorimetry, the measured temperature and enthalpy of melting were found to be 199.18 ± 0.05 K and 11.38 ± 0.02 kJ/mol, respectively.

Endpoint:
melting point/freezing point
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
no data
Reliability:
4 (not assignable)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
secondary literature
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to other study
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Method: Lide, 2003
GLP compliance:
not specified
Type of method:
other: no data
Melting / freezing pt.:
-74 °C

None

Conclusions:
The melting point of d-limonene is -74 °C.
Executive summary:

The melting point of d-limonene is -74 °C.

Description of key information

The melting point of d-limonene is -74 °C (199 K).

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Melting / freezing point at 101 325 Pa:
-74 °C

Additional information

Studies using DSC and adiabatic calorimetry gave accurate results of melting point (199.5 K and 199.18 K) which were supported by data from secondary literature (-74°C).