Pentaboron sodium octaoxide

Toxicity to terrestrial arthropods

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Reference 1

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: no accepted standard guideline followed, well performed study, raw data not available

Qualifier:

no guideline followed

Principles of method if other than guideline:

test protocol "environment canada (2000)" was followed

GLP compliance:

not specified

Application method:

soil

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
nr

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

nr

Vehicle:

not specified

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Test compound (H3BO3) added in solution to soil and the soil/water mixture was mixed for about three minutes. Soil moisture was 35% (based on wet weight). Equilibration period before start of test: 1 day.

Test organisms (species):

Onychiurus sp.

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: springtail (Onychiurus folsomi)
- Source: synchronous and asynchronous cultures in artificial soil
- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): medium and large (>= 2mm) adults

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

35 d

Remarks:

static

Test temperature:

20 +/- 2°C

pH (if soil or dung study):

- artificial soil: 6.09 (the pH of treated soil varies from 7.41 to 7.66 and from 6.77 to 7.36 at start and end of test, respectively)
- clay loam reference soil: 6.05 (the pH of treated soil varies from 5.60 to 5.73 and from 5.57 to 5.69 at start and end of test, respectively)

Photoperiod and lighting:

- Photoperiod: 16h light, 6h dark
- Fluorescent illumination

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): 125 ml glass, wide-mouth, mason jar. cover: metal lid with rubber seal and screw ring.
- Amount of soil or substrate: 30g
- No. of treatments: 10
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 10 (4 for acute tests)



SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- Geographic location: clay loam reference soil: field collected soil from Alberta (Canada) and classified as a Delacour Orthic Black Chernozem.
- pH water (1:2) 6.05
- eCEC 34.5 cmol c/kg
- Soil texture (if natural soil)
- % sand: 26.6
- % silt:43.3
- % clay: 30.1
- % organic matter: 12.8
- % total carbon: 6.83
- OM: 12.8%
- Cb: 1.0 mg B/kg dw


ARTIFICIAL SOIL
- Ingrediënts: 70% silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay, 10% sphangum peat and 0.25% calcium carbonate.
- pH water (1:2) 6.09
- eCEC 18.5 cmol c/kg
- Soil texture
- % sand: 77.3
- % silt: 7.8
- % clay: 14.9
- % organic matter: 9
- % total carbon: 4.46
- OM: 9%
- Cb: 3.5 mg B/kg dw


SOIL PREPARATION
- Test compound H3BO3 added in solution to soil and the soil/water mixture was mixed for about 3 minutes. Soil moisture was 35% based on wet weight.

Endpoints: mortality and juvenile production (mean number of juveniles produced) and reproduction (adult fecundity, i.e. mean number of juveniles produced per adult).

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal:
chronic tests: 0-50-75-125-250-500-650-850-1000-1500 mg boric acid/kg dw
acute tests: 0-2000-4000-5000-6000-8000-10000 mg boric acid/kg dw and 0-125-250-500-1000-1500-2000 mg boric acid/kg dw in the artificial and clay loam reference soil respectively

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

43.75 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(juvenile production)

Remarks on result:

other: artificial soil

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

175 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: artificial soil

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

87.5 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(adult fecundity)

Remarks on result:

other: artificial soil

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

21.9 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(juvenile production)

Remarks on result:

other: clay loam soil

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

113.8 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: clay loam soil

Duration:

35 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

21.9 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(adult fecundity)

Remarks on result:

other: clay loam soil

Details on results:

- Ratio of culture units that produced viable eggs relative to the total number of culture units was about 30%.
- Adult survivorship was greater than 94%.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

7- and 14-day LCx values were generated using the Probit, Moving Average and the Trimmed Spearman-Karber methds. ECx values and their associated 95% confidence limits for the chronic tests were analysed by using either a linear or four nonlinear regression models (i.e., logistic, Gompertz, exponential and logistic with hormoesis). If data showed heteroscedasticity among treatments, data were weighed with the inverse of the variance of each treatment. NOEC values were estimated using ANOVA, Dunnett’s and Fischer’s protected LSD (Least Significant Difference) pairwise comparison tests.

Boric acid had an adverse effect upon survival of O. folsomi following 35d of exposure in spiked artificial and cly loam soil.

O. folsomi reproduction was more sensitive to boric acid than adult survival.

35d LC50:

- artificial soil: 88 (juvenile production), 258.3 (mortality), 94.8 (reproduction) mg B/kg

- caly loam soil: 19.7 (juvenile production), 174.6 (mortality), 32.4 (reproduction) mg B/kg

7d LC50: 652.6 (mortality, artificial soil); 316.2 (mortality, clay loam soil) mg B/kg

14d LC50: 248.48 (mortality, clay loam soil) mg B/kg

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not specified

Conclusions:

Study not according to an international guideline.
The study itself is well performed but raw data is not available. NOEC values are used for PNEC derivation.

Reference 2

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study was performed according to IOBC/WPRS 2000 guideline (Heimbach et al., 2000), which is not a internationally reviewed or accepted guideline. Study is well documented.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: HEIMBACH et al. 2000: A method for testing effects of plant protection products on the carabid beetle, Poecilus cupreus (Coleoptera, Carabidae) under laboratory and semi-field conditions.

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

The study has no formal GLP certificate. However, the study was conducted at a GLP-certified laboratory, staff was appropriately trained and standard operating procedures were followed in terms of experimental performance and raw data documentation.

Application method:

soil

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- The test item was dissolved in a sufficient amount of deionised water to prepare a stock solution. This stock solution was diluted with deionised water to obtain one test item solution (= dosage solution) for each test item concentration.
- Method of mixing into soil (if used): The test item was incorporated into the soil by thoroughly mixing in the respective test item
solution for approx. 10 minutes.
- This amount of water/test item-mixture served also to adjust the final soil moisture of 55 ± 5% of WHCmax.

Test organisms (species):

Poecilus cupreus

Animal group:

Coleoptera (soil-dwelling carabid beetle)

Details on test organisms:

The carabid beetle used in this test were obtained from an external breeding facility. The beetles were kept at ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH four weeks before start of the test.
At the beginning of the test the beetles were approx. 5 weeks old. Therefore, as required they were not younger than 2 weeks, but not older than 10 weeks.

ACCLIMATION
Due to the particularity of the application method in this study, the beetles were acclimatised to the test substrate and the test conditions in vessels prepared only for this purpose. The vessels were similar to the test units and were filled with moistened LUFA 2.1 soil. No food was added. The vessels were kept under the same conditions as in the test.

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

21 d

Test temperature:

18-21 ºC

pH (if soil or dung study):

5.6-7.0

Photoperiod and lighting:

light cycle: 16 : 8 h with a constant light intensity at the substrate of 336 - 675 lux

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size):Test vessels were Bellaplast containers consisting of inert (i.e. non-toxic) plastic (Polystyrol). The test vessels had a bottom area of 11 x 15.5 cm (= 170.5 cm²) and a height of 6 cm. The test vessels were covered by a transparent lid. The inner area of these lids were prepared with gauze allowing gaseous exchange.
- Amount of soil or substrate: 250 g dry weight per test vessel
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 6 (3 males and 3 females)
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 5
- No. of replicates per control: 5

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- common name: LUFA 2.1 soil
- Geographic location: Speyer, Germany
- The moisture content was adjusted to 55+-5% of WHCmax using deionised water.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 : 8 h light/dark with a constant light intensity at the substrate surface of 400 – 800 lx
- Feeding: The beetles were fed with defrosted pupae of Musca spp. on the day of application and again 2, 4, 7, 11, 14 and 17 days after application. One fly pupae (the integument was punctured with a needle) per beetle was placed on the test substrate.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality, behaviour and feeding rate determined after 21 days

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal added concentrations: control, 3.16, 10.0, 31.6, 100, 316, 1000 and 3162 mg H3BO3/kg dry weight soil,
cooresponding to control, 0.55, 1.75, 5.52, 17.5, 55.2, 174.8 and 552.7 mg B/kg dw.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

47.5 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

added B

Basis for effect:

food consumption

Remarks:

feeding rate

Duration:

21 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

174.8 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

added B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Feeding rate data were checked for normality by R/s test procedure and for homogeneity by Cochran’s test. A One-Way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), followed by a Welch-t test for inhomogeneous variances (1-sided, p ≤ 0.05) and a Dunnett’s test (1-sided, p ≤ 0.05) respectively were used to determine whether or not there were significant differences between each concentration and the control concerning the feeding rate of the beetles in the
first week (day 0 - 7), in the second week of exposure (day 7 - 14), in the third week of exposure (day 14 - 21) and over the entire exposure period (Environment Canada 2003, OECD 2003, Sachs 1982). Probit analysis using Linear Max. Likelihood Regression was used to calculate the EC50, EC20 and EC10 for the feeding rate of the respective periods of the test.

21 d NOEC for feeding rate: 55.2 mg B/kg soil dw (13.6% inhibition)

21 d LOEC for feeding rate: 174.8 mg B/kg soil dw (35.6% inhibition)

21 d EC50 for feeding rate: 269.7 mg B/kg soil dw

21 d EC20 for feeding rate: 86.4 mg B/kg soil dw

21 d LOEC for mortality: 552.7 mg B/kg soil dw (50% mortality)

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Study was performed according to IOBC/WPRS 2000 guideline (Heimbach et al., 2000), which is not a internationally reviewed or accepted guideline. Study is well documented. A 21-d EC10 value for the feeding rate of the carabid beetle Pecilus cupreus of 47.5 mg B/kg dry soil and a 21-d NOEC value for mortality of 174.8 mg B/kg dry soil are obtained. Both values are selected for PNEC derivation.

Reference 3

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: Study was performed according to OECD 226 (2008) guideline and is well documented.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: OECD 226 (2008): "Predatory mite Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer reproduction test in soil"

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes

Remarks:

The study has no formal GLP certificate. However, the study was conducted at a GLP-certified laboratory, staff was appropriately trained and standard operating procedures were followed in terms of experimental performance and raw data documentation.

Application method:

soil

Analytical monitoring:

no

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

- The test item was dissolved in a sufficient amount of deionised water to prepare a stock solution. This stock solution was diluted with deionised water to obtain one test item solution (= dosage solution) for each test item concentration.
- Method of mixing into soil (if used): The test item was incorporated into the soil by thoroughly mixing in the respective test item
solution for approx. 10 minutes.
- This amount of water/test item-mixture served also to adjust the final soil moisture of 40-60% of WHCmax

Test organisms (species):

Hypoaspis aculeifer

Animal group:

Acari (soil-dwelling predatory mite)

Details on test organisms:

The culture of Hypoaspis (Geolaelaps) aculeifer CANESTRINI (Acari: Laelapidae) used in this test is kept at ECT Oekotoxikologie GmbH since February 2002.

Adult mated female mites were used to start the test. The mites were of similar age (approx. 7 – 14 days after reaching the adult stage) i.e. they were taken from a synchronised culture between the 28th and 35th day after starting the respective culture.

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

16 d

Test temperature:

17-21 ºC

pH (if soil or dung study):

5.6

Photoperiod and lighting:

16 : 8 h light/dark with a constant light intensity at the substrate surface of 400 – 800 lx

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size):Test vessels were glass containers (able to be closed tightly) of about 200 mL capacity and with a diameter of about 5 cm.
- Amount of soil or substrate: 30 g fresh weight per test vessel
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 4
- No. of replicates per control: 8

SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF SUBSTRATE (if soil)
- artificial soil based on OECD guideline 207 (1984). Percentages refer to dry weight:
- 5% Sphagnum peat (no visible plant remains; finely ground and air-dried)
- 20% Kaolin-Clay (kaolinite content > 30%)
- 74% Quartz sand (fine sand content with particles between 50 and 200 µm higher than 50%)
- ca. 1% Calcium carbonate (CaCO3)
- The moisture content was adjusted to 40 – 60% of WHCmax using deionised water.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 : 8 h light/dark with a constant light intensity at the substrate surface of 400 – 800 lx
-Feeding: The mites were fed with prey mites (Tyrophagus putrescentiae) at the beginning of the test. Food was checked twice per week and was added if necessary.

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : mortality and reproduction

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal added concentrations: control, 56.2, 100, 178, 316 and 562 mg H3BO3/kg dry weight soil,
corresponding to control, 9.8, 17.5, 31.1, 55.2 and 98.2 mg B.kg dw.

Reference substance (positive control):

no

Duration:

16 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

22.7 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

added B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

number of juveniles

Duration:

16 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

>= 98.2 mg/kg soil dw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

added B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks:

mortality of adults

Reported statistics and error estimates:

Mortality: No statistical analysis was performed.

Reproduction: Data were checked for normality by Shapiro-Wilk´s test on normal distribution and for homogeneity by Cochran’s test. Treatment means were compared by ANOVA and Williams test (p ≤ 0.05, one-sided) and tested for statistically significant differences compared to the control.
Probit analysis using Linear Max. Likelihood Regression was used to calculate the EC50, EC20 and EC10 for reproduction.

16 d NOEC for reproduction: 17.5 mg B/kg soil dw (3.7% inhibition)

16 d LOEC for reproduction: 31.1 mg B/kg soil dw (26.5% inhibition)

16 d EC50 for reproduction: 44.4 mg B/kg soil dw

16 d EC20 for reproduction: 28.7 mg B/kg soil dw

Concentration [mg test item/kg soil (dw)]	Number of dead adult mites	Percent mortality
Control	6	10
56.2	3	15
100	1	5
178	0	0
316	2	10
562	3	15

Concentration [mg test item/kg soil (dw)]	Number of Juveniles[mean ± sd]	Number of Juveniles[% of control]
Control	286.5± 25.1	100.0
56.2	269.0± 53.7	93.9
100	276.0± 31.1	96.3
178	210.5± 24.7	73.5
316	108.0± 79.2	37.7
562	3.0± 0.0	1.0

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

Study was performed according to OECD 226 guideline and is well documented. A 16-d EC10 value for predatory mites of 22.7 mg B/ kg dry soil is obtained for reproduction and a 16-d unbounded NOEC of 562 mg H3BO3/ kg dry soil is obtained for mortality. The EC10 for reproduction was selected for PNEC derivation.

Reference 4

Endpoint:

toxicity to terrestrial arthropods: long-term

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

other: standard test and selection criteria fulfilled. standard guideline followed, well performed and well documented study. only reports an endpoint, data not presented.

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

ISO 11267 (Inhibition of Reproduction of Collembola by Soil Pollutants)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

not specified

Application method:

soil

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
nr

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

nr

Vehicle:

no

Details on preparation and application of test substrate:

Soil preparation: Test compound added in solution to soil and mixed. Soil moisture was 50-60% of WHC. Equilibration period before start of test: 1 day.

Test organisms (species):

Folsomia candida

Animal group:

Collembola (soil-dwelling springtail)

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: spring tail
- Source: laboratory cultures from Dr. Frank Riepert from the Biologische Bundesansalt für Land und Forstwirtschaft, Berlin, Germany.
- Age at test initiation (mean and range, SD): 10-12 days old juveniles



ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: at least 24h
- Feeding: 10 mg of dry yeast was added at the start of the test and another 10 mg of yeast was added after 14 days.

Study type:

laboratory study

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

28 d

Post exposure observation period:

nr

Test temperature:

20 +/- 2°C

pH (if soil or dung study):

artificial soil: pH water 6.09, pH KCl 6.3-6.4 at start and end of test
clay loam reference soil: pH water 6.05, pH KCl 5.5 at start and end of test

Humidity:

50-60% of water holding capacity

Photoperiod and lighting:

16h light/8h dark

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test container (material, size): 100 ml glass container, diameter 4.5cm, height 9.5cm, with plastic covers closing tightly
glass containers were previously rinced with acetone and hexane for decontamination.
- Amount of soil or substrate: 30 g ww (20 g ww for acute tests)
- No. of organisms per container (treatment): 10
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 5
- Container opened 2x/week to allow aeration


SOURCE AND PROPERTIES OF NATURAL SOIL
- Geographic location: clay loam reference soil: field collected soil from Alberta (Canada) and classified as a Delacour Orthic Black Chernozem.
- pH water (1:2) 6.05
- eCEC 34.5 cmol c/kg
- Soil texture (if natural soil)
- % sand: 26.6
- % silt:43.3
- % clay: 30.1
- % organic matter: 12.8
- % total carbon: 6.83
- OM: 12.8%
- Cb: below detection limit (0.9 mg B/kg dw)
- WHC 85.5% dw.


ARTIFICIAL SOIL
- Ingrediënts: 70% silica sand, 20% kaolinite clay, 10% sphangum peat and 0.25% calcium carbonate.
- pH water (1:2) 6.09
- eCEC 18.5 cmol c/kg
- Soil texture
- % sand: 77.3
- % silt: 7.8
- % clay: 14.9
- % organic matter: 9
- % total carbon: 4.46
- OM: 9%
- Cb: 3.5 mg B/kg dw
- WHC 71.6% dw
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16h light/8h dark
- Light: 400-800 lux
- Equilibration period: 1 day

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal:
- chronic tests: 0-20-35-50-80-120-180-270-400 mg boric acid/kg dw for both soils
- acute tests: 0-270-370-520-730-1020-1430-2000-2800 mg boric acid/kg dw for 7-day acute toxicity in the artificial soil; 0-190-270-370-520-730-1020-1430-2000 mg boric acid/kg dw for 14-day acute toxicity in the artificial soil; 0-200-300-440-670-1000-1500-2250-3380 mg boric acid/kg dw for 7-day acute toxicity in the clay loam reference soil; 0-90-130-200-300-440-670-1000-1500 mg boric acid/kg dw for 14-day acute toxicity in the clay loam reference soil.

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

68.1 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: artificial soil

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

13.8 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(juvenile production)

Remarks on result:

other: artificial soil

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

66.2 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: clay loam soil

Duration:

28 d

Dose descriptor:

EC10

Effect conc.:

17.2 mg/kg bw

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

element

Remarks:

B

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

(juvenile production)

Remarks on result:

other: clay loam soil

Reported statistics and error estimates:

ECx were calculated based on the raw data reported and a log-logistic dose-response curve fitted by minimising the unweighted square residuals sum (maximum likelihood).

28d LC50: > 70 mg B/kg (artificial soil and clay loam reference soil)

EC50 reproduction: 26.1 (artificial soil), 30.5 (clay loam reference soil) mg B/kg

artificial soil:

7d LC10: 205.4 mg B/kg

14d LC10: 80.4 mg B/kg

7d LC50: 314.2 mg B/kg

14d LC50: 166 mg B/kg

clay loam soil:

7d LC10: 224 mg B/kg

14d LC10: 51.4 mg B/kg

7d LC50: 344.1 mg B/kg

14d LC50: 131.8 mg B/kg

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Conclusions:

The standard test and selection criteria of this study were fulfilled. The study is comparable with guideline studies with acceptable restriction. During this study the standard guideline was followed, the tests were well performed. Also the study repot was well documented. 28-day EC10 values for mortality and reproduction were selected for PNEC derivation.

Description of key information

No guideline, boric acid, Onychiurus sp., 35 d, static, chronic tests: 0-50-75-125-250-500-650-850-1000-1500 mg boric acid/kg dw, acute tests: 0-2000-4000-5000-6000-8000-10000 mg boric acid/kg dw and 0-125-250-500-1000-1500-2000 mg boric acid/kg dw in the artificial and clay loam reference soil respectively, NOEC 21.9 – 175 mg B/kg bw

 

Heimbach et al, GLP, Boric acid, Poecilus cupreus, 21 d, nominal added concentrations: control, 3.16, 10.0, 31.6, 100, 316, 1000 and 3162 mg H3BO3/kg dry weight soil, EC10 47.5 mg B/kg soil dw (food consumption), NOEC 174.8 mg B/KG soil dw (mortality)

 

OECD 226, GLP, Boric acid, Hypoaspis aculeifer, 16 d, nominal added concentrations: control, 56.2, 100, 178, 316 and 562 mg H3BO3/kg dry weight soil, EC10 22.7 mg B/KG soil dw (reproduction9, NOEC ≥ 98.2 mg B/kg soil dw (mortality)

 

ISO 11267, Boric acid, Folsomia candida, 28 d, nominal concentrations: chronic tests: 0-20-35-50-80-120-180-270-400 mg boric acid/kg dw for both soils, acute tests: 0-270-370-520-730-1020-1430-2000-2800 mg boric acid/kg dw for 7-day acute toxicity in the artificial soil; 0-190-270-370-520-730-1020-1430-2000 mg boric acid/kg dw for 14-day acute toxicity in the artificial soil; 0-200-300-440-670-1000-1500-2250-3380 mg boric acid/kg dw for 7-day acute toxicity in the clay loam reference soil; 0-90-130-200-300-440-670-1000-1500 mg boric acid/kg dw for 14-day acute toxicity in the clay loam reference soil, EC10 13.8 – 68.1 mg B/kg bw (mortality and reproduction)

 

Please also refer to read-across statement section 13.