2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate

Ecotoxicological Summary

Hazard for aquatic organisms

Freshwater

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

PNEC value:

0.075 mg/L

Assessment factor:

100

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

PNEC freshwater (intermittent releases):

0.224 mg/L

Marine water

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC aqua (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.007 mg/L

Assessment factor:

1 000

STP

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC STP

PNEC value:

4.8 mg/L

Assessment factor:

10

Extrapolation method:

assessment factor

Sediment (freshwater)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (freshwater)

PNEC value:

1.93 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Sediment (marine water)

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC sediment (marine water)

PNEC value:

0.193 mg/kg sediment dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for air

Air

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no hazard identified

Hazard for terrestrial organisms

Soil

Hazard assessment conclusion:

PNEC soil

PNEC value:

0.341 mg/kg soil dw

Extrapolation method:

equilibrium partitioning method

Hazard for predators

Secondary poisoning

Hazard assessment conclusion:

no potential for bioaccumulation

Additional information

PNEC aqua (freshwater)

Acute toxicity studies were conducted with BDGMA in fish, daphnia and algae. Chronic studies with BDGMA are available for algae and the data requirement for a second chronic study can be satisfied by read-across. An approach has been taken, reading across to the structurally related but similar polar 1,4-butanediol dimethacrylate and additionally taking into account data of 2 further methacrylates , EGDMA and BNMA, with similar polarity to assess the differences in aquatic species .

The toxic effect of narcosis is related to the hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of a substance and correlates with its log Kow.

For the read across approach of the endpoint long term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates 3 methacrylates were used for the approach. 2 of them have the same log Kow as BDGMA (log Kow = 3.1) which are 1,4-BDDMA and BNMA. Additionally a third substance was used to tighten the approach. (EGDMA with log Kow = 2.4).

In comparison of the data of the aquatic toxicity of the 4 substances fish is the most sensitive species in contact with BDGMA.: LC50 fish = 22.36 mg/l, EC50 daphnia = 94.7 mg/l.

According to the document 87/2015 of Umweltbundesamt Germany, “Comparison of species sensitivity of Daphnia and fish in acute and chronic testing”, fish testing in long term tests is required for substances being 5 x sensitive to fish than daphnia.

The factor daphnia/fish of the few available data of BDGMA is 4.24 which is less than the above mentioned factor of 5 for which a long term test whit fish is required.

No short term tests are available for daphnia magna of the read across substances 1,4-BDDMA and BNMA. For these both substances EC50 data in algae are slightly lower but in the same order of magnitude as fish acute data.

EC50 based on mortality in long term daphnia magna test (21D) of 1,4-BDDMA and BNMA are higher than EC50 fish short term toxicity.

For EGDMA the difference in the sensitivity of the species fish and daphnia is fish is less lower than in BDGMA (factor daphnia/fish = 2.30).

Species differences between fish and daphnia are observable in BDGMA itself and similar in methacrylates used for the read across approach. But the differences are not as high that a long term test in fish is required. In the hazard assessment the uncertainties of differences in the species and the fact that the data of the second chronic data has been determined by read across approach should be considered by using an appropriate assessment factor of 100.

The PNEC aqua (freshwater) was based on the EC10 of 7.51 mg/L determined in a long term daphnia magna reproduction test with the structurally related 1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate.

 

 

 

Substance name	Butyldiglycol methacrylate	1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate	Ethyleneglycol methacyrlate	Benzyl methacrylate
CAS	7328-22-5	2082-81-7	97-90-5	2495-37-6
Abbreveation	BDGMA	1,4-BDDMA	EGDMA	BNMA
MW [g/mole]	230.31	226.27	198.22	176.22
Molecular structure
SMILES structure	CCCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C	O=C(OCCCCOC(=O)C(=C)C)C(=C)C	CC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(C)=C	CC(=C)C(=O)OCc1ccccc1
Molecular formular	C12H22O4	C12H18O4	C10H14O4	C11H12O2
Melting point	- 20 °C	- 23 °C	-40 °C	- 22 °C
Boiling point	271 °C	> 200 °C	275 °C @ 965,8 hPa 260 °C	243 °C
Densitiy	0.971 g/cm³	1.024 g/cm³	1.055 g/cm³  @ 20 °C	1.038 g/cm ³
Vapour pressure	0.32 Pa @ 20 °c	0.1 Pa @ 20 °C	1.0 Pa	3 Pa @ 20 °C
Water solubility	2560 mg/l	243 mg/l	1086 mg/l	190 mg/l
Log Kow	3.1	3.1	2.4	3.1
EC50 Fish (96h)	22.36 mg/l	32.5 mg/l (48h) mg/l 1.3-BDDMA 12.5 mg/l (QSAR)	19.5 mg/l	4.67 mg/l
EC50 Daphnia magna (48h)	94.7 mg/l	no data	44.9 mg/l	no data
EC10 Daphnia magna (21d) reproduction	no data	7.51 mg/l	7.22 mg/l	1.03 mg/l
EC50 Daphnia magna (21d )mortality	no data	22.1 mg/l	> 5.05 mg/l	15.3 mg/l
EC50 Algae (72 h)	95 mg/l	9.79 mg/l	17.3 mg/l	2.28 mg/l
EC10 Algae (72h)	32 mg/l	4.35 mg/l	6.93 mg/l	1.08 mg/l

 

  

PNEC aqua (marine)

No tests with marine species are available. The PNEC aqua (marine) was based on the EC10 of 7.51 mg/L determined in a daphnia magna reproduction test. Two chronic studies were available for this substance, which covered two trophic levels (algal and invertebrates). Algae weretested with BDGMA and daphnia magna with the structurally related 1,4-Butanediol dimethacrylate. Since similar short-term toxicity was observed between 3 trophic levels (fish, algae, aquatic invertebrates) with all L(E)C50 values in the range 10-100 mg/l, an assessment factor of 1000 was applied to the EC10 to calculate the PNEC aqua (marine) in accordance with Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.10: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment, 2008.

  

PNEC aqua (intermittent release)

The PNEC aqua (intermittent release) was based on the lowest acute toxicity value of 22.36 mg/L for Oncorhynchus mykiss (96 h LC50). Based on the available data set, an assessment factor of 100 was applied to the lowest LC50 to calculate the PNEC aqua (intermittent release) in accordance with Guidance on information requirements and chemical safety assessment, Chapter R.10: Characterisation of dose [concentration]-response for environment, 2008.

  

PNEC STP

In an OECD guideline 301 B biodegradation test 48 mg/L of BDGMA did not inhibit microbial activity. There was no bacterial toxicity at the highest concentration tested. As a consequence concentration from biodegradation test with BDGMA was used (48 mg/l) with an assessment factor of 10. 

PNEC sediment (freshwater, marine)

No toxicity data for sediment dwelling organisms are available. Thus, the PNEC for freshwater as well as marine sediment has been calculated with the equilibrium partitioning method using EUSES 2.1.

The following data have been taken into account for the calculation:

Molecular weight [g/mol]	230.31
Melting point [°C]	<-20
Boiling point [°C]	270
Vapour pressure [hPa], 20°C	0.0032
Water solubility [mg/L], 20°C	2560
Log Kow	3.10
Koc (Kow method) L/kg	247.2
PNEC aqua, freshwater[mg/L]	0.75
PNEC aqua, marine [mg/L]	0.0075

  

  

PNEC soil

No toxicity data for soil organisms are available. Thus, the PNEC for freshwater as well as marine sediment has been calculated with the equilibrium partitioning method using EUSES 2.1.

The following data have been taken into account for the calculation:

Molecular weight [g/mol]	230.31
Melting point [°C]	<-20
Boiling point [°C]	270
Vapour pressure [hPa], 20°C	0.0032
Water solubility [mg/L], 20°C	2560
Log Kow	3.10
Koc (Kow method) L/kg	247.2
PNEC aqua, freshwater[mg/L]	0.75

   

PNEC oral

A PNEC oral was not calculated for BDGMA since the substance is readily biodegradable. The probability of being rapidly metabolised in exposed organisms is high. Together with the reported log Kow was 3.1 this indicates that there would be only little biomagnification of the test substance in the food chain.

Conclusion on classification

Based on the available reliable and relevant data, short-term toxicity values (L(E)C50) for fish, algae and daphnia are >1 mg/L. BDGMA does not need to be classified for acute toxicity to aquatic organisms according to Directive 67/548/EEC or Regulation EC No 1272/2008.

Based on the available reliable and relevant data, long-term toxicity values (EC10) for aquatic invertebrates and algae are > 1 mg/L, and BDGMA is readily biodegradable. Thus, BDGMA does not need to be classified for chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms according to Regulation EC No 1272/2008.

No classification for chronic toxicity to aquatic organisms according to Directive 67/548/EEC is required based on the available short-term toxicity values (> 1 mg/L) and ready biodegradability.