Benzenesulfonic acid, 4-C10-13-sec-alkyl derivs., compds. with triethanolamine

Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Administrative data

Endpoint:

long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

weight of evidence

Study period:

From Mar. 07, 1983 to Aug. 12, 1983

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail

Cross-reference

Cross-reference 1

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to same study

Cross-reference 2

Reason / purpose for cross-reference:

reference to other study

Data source

Reference

Reference 1

Reference Type:

study report

Title:

Unnamed

Year:

1984

Report date:

1984

Reference 2

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Predicted no-effect concentrations and risk characterization of four surfactants: Linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylated sulfates, and soap.

Author:

van de Plassche, E.J., de Bruijn, J.H.M., Stephenson, R.R., Marshall, S.J., Feijtel, T.C.J. and Belanger, S.E.

Year:

1999

Bibliographic source:

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 18:2653-2663.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

other: Comotto (1982), and Mount & Norberg (1983)

Deviations:

no

Principles of method if other than guideline:

Not applicable

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

Constituent 1

Reference substance name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

EC Number:

270-115-0

EC Name:

Benzenesulfonic acid, C10-13-alkyl derivs., sodium salts

Cas Number:

68411-30-3

Molecular formula:

C16-19 H25-31 Na O3 S

IUPAC Name:

sodium 4-undecylbenzenesulfonate

Details on test material:

- Name of test material: C11.8 Linear alkyl benzene sulfonate (LAS) (TSIN # X0029.01)
- Substance type: Pure active substance
- Physical state: Opaque paste
- Stability under test conditions: Not reported
- Storage condition of test material: At room temperature in a sealed container
- Other:
- Molecular weight: 345
- Solubility: freely water soluble

Specific details on test material used for the study:

Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

N/A

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION:
- Test solutions were prepared by adding the test material from a stock solution, prepared in deionized water, to the test water.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Ceriodaphnia sp.

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea
- Strain/clone: Not reported
- Justification for species other than prescribed by test guideline: The standard chronic invert test uses Daphnia magna, and is 21 days. Ceriodaphnia, another water flea, is an alternate to Daphnia magna. The Ceriodaphnia chronic test is 7 days. Ceriodaphnia is similar in sensitivity to Daphnia.
- Source: Not reported
- Age of parental stock: Neonate Ceriodaphnia (¿24 h old)
- Feeding during test: Yes
- Food type: Diet of baker's yeast, or a mixture of algae, trout chow and alfalfa.
- Amount: Feeding amount was same as of stock cultures
- Frequency: Feeding frequency was same as of stock cultures

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Acclimated to test conditions (water/diet) combination for at least two generations.
- Acclimation conditions: Same as test
- Type and amount of food: Type of food was same as used during test
- Feeding frequency: Not reported
- Health during acclimation (any mortality observed): Not reported

METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Not reported

Study design

Test type:

semi-static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

7 d

Post exposure observation period:

None

Test conditions

Hardness:

Average total hardness: 110± 9 mg/L as CaCO3

Test temperature:

Temperature was same as described for stock cultures

pH:

Average pH: 7.4±0.2

Dissolved oxygen:

Average dissolved oxygen: 9.7±0.8 mg/L

Salinity:

N/A

Nominal and measured concentrations:

Nominal: 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3.5, 5, 7 mg a.i./L

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
Test vessel: 50 mL beaker
- Type: Open
- Material: 50 mL glass beaker containing 30 mL of test solution
- Aeration: No (static-renewal test)
- Renewal rate of test solution: all test chambers were renewed with fresh test solution three times during the test procedure (on Day 2, 4 and 6)
- No. of organisms per vessel: One
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): Ten
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): Ten
- Biomass loading rate: 1 daphnid/30 mL test solution

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Ohio River water
- Total suspended solids: 87 mg/L
- Total organic carbon: Not reported
- Particulate matter: Not reported
- Metals: Not reported
- Pesticides: Not reported
- Chlorine: Not reported
- Alkalinity: Not reported
- Ca/mg ratio: Not reported
- Conductivity: Not reported
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: pH and dissolved oxygen content of fresh and used test solutions were routinely monitored.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Adjustment of pH: No
- Photoperiod: Same as of stock cultures
- Light intensity: Same as of stock cultures

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: Percent mortality, total reproduction, first day of reproduction, reproduction/individual, # of broods, brood size. All parameters were measured daily.

RANGE-FINDING STUDY: No

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Effect concentrations 1

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

5.34 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: CL=4.3-7.6; Ceriodaphnia were fed the yeast diet

Effect concentrations 2

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

> 5 - < 7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mortality

Remarks on result:

other: Ceriodaphnia were fed the algae-trout chow diet

Effect concentrations 3

Key result

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

0.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks:

brood size

Remarks on result:

other: Ceriodaphnia were fed the yeast diet

Effect concentrations 4

Key result

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

NOEC

Effect conc.:

5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: mortality and reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Ceriodaphnia were fed the algae-trout chow diet

Effect concentrations 5

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

1 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Ceriodaphnia were fed the yeast diet

Effect concentrations 6

Duration:

7 d

Dose descriptor:

LOEC

Effect conc.:

7 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

other: mortality and reproduction

Remarks on result:

other: Ceriodaphnia were fed the algae-trout chow diet

Details on results:

- Mortality of parent animals: For details on mortality, refer to `Table 1¿ and `Table 2¿ under 'Any other information on results incl. tables' section.
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: See Tables 1,2 below
- Type and number of morphological abnormalities: Not reported
- Type and number of behavioural abnormalities: Not reported
- Number of males and females (parental): Not reported
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch: 4-5 days in control
- Egg development time: Not reported
- Brood size: Please refer Table 1 and 2 under 'Any other information on results incl. table' section
- Time to sexual maturity: Not reported
- Type and magnitude of biochemical changes: Not reported
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: No

Results with reference substance (positive control):

N/A

Reported statistics and error estimates:

- Probit analysis was used to calculate LC50 values and associated 95 % confidence interval.
- Chi-square techniques was used for survival analysis.
- ANOVA technique was used for reproduction parameters.

Any other information on results incl. tables

Table 1. Chronic toxicity of LAS to Ceriodaphnia Sp.: Ohio River Water, yeast Diet (Study # 29717)

Concentration	Total reproduction (per 10 daphnids)	Percent mortality	First day of reproduction	Reproduction per daphnid	# of Broods	Brood size
0	229	0	4.0	22.9	2.9	8.0
0.5	208^@	0	3.9	20.8	2.9	7.3
1.0	178	0	4.0	17.8	2.9	6.1*
2.0	145	10	4.0	16.1*	3.0	5.4*
3.5	78	10	4.4	8.7*	2.4	3.4*
5.0	8	10	6.6*	0.9*	0.6*	1.8*
7.0	0	100*	-	-	-	-

* Significantly different from control (P<0.05)

@ Adjusted from 166 (n=8) to 208 (n=10)

 

Table 2. Chronic toxicity of LAS to Ceriodaphnia Sp.: Ohio River Water, algae-TC Diet (Study # 29717)

Concentration	Total reproduction (per 10 daphnids)	Percent mortality	First day of reproduction	Reproduction per daphnid	# of Broods	Brood size
0	87	10	4.7	9.7	2.4	4.0
0.5	69	0	5.0	6.9	2.1	3.4
1.0	32	10	5.6*	3.6*	1.4*	2.4*
2.0	42	0	5.0	4.2*	1.8	2.2*
3.5	82	0	5.6*	8.2	2.0	4.2
5.0	104	0	4.7	11.6	2.3	4.9
7.0	15	100*	4.0	5.0*	-	5.0

* Significantly different from control (P<0.05)

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Validity criteria fulfilled:

not applicable

Conclusions:

The effect of C11.8 LAS (linear alkylbenzene sulfonate) on Ceriodaphnia was evaluated in a 7-day chronic toxicity test in river water. The NOEC, based on mortality and reproduction, was 0.5 mg/L and 5.0 mg/L for Ceriodaphnia fed a yeast or algae/trout chow diet, respectively. Results are based on nominal concentration of test substance (active ingredient).

Executive summary:

A 7-day chronic toxicity test of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (C11.8 LAS) was conducted with Ceriodaphnia sp under semi-static conditions. The test medium was Ohio River water, and the Ceriodaphnia were fed either a yeast diet, or an algae/trout chow diet. The test medium was renewed 3x/7 days.

The nominal test concentrations were 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3.5, 5 and 7 mg/L of active ingredient. Mortality and reproduction were monitored daily.  Results are based on the nominal concentration of the test substance. The 7 -day LC50 values were 5 -7 mg/L for both diets.

The 7 -day chronic NOECs may be summarized as follows:

Diet                            NOEC (mg/L)                    Based on

Yeast                            0.5                                   Reproduction

Algae-Trout chow       5.0                                   Mortality and Reproduction

The chronic toxicity of LAS, in this 7 -day Ceriodaphnia test, compared quite favorably with the chronic toxicity of LAS in 21-day Daphnia magna tests. The data are for a C11.8 LAS and when normalized to a C11.6 LAS, the NOEC is 0.59 mg/L (method: van de Plassche et al., 1999).