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EC number: 258-380-0 | CAS number: 53126-67-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- from 2007-02-22 to 2007-05-30
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- test procedure in accordance with generally accepted scientific standards and described in sufficient detail
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Remarks:
- The study was conducted in accordance with ISO/IEC 17025.
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- Final test concentrations were prepared with test medium by dilution of stock solutions of the test substance.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Laboratory culture: Activated sludge from the aeration tank of a municipal biological waste water treatment plant, not adapted, not pre-conditioned
- Name and location of sewage treatment plant where inoculum was collected: ARA Werdhölzli, CH-8048 Zürich, Switzerland (5 March 2007, 8.45 a.m.)
- Concentration: 1.6 g/L dry matter in the final mixture
- The activated sludge was used immediately after sampling from the treatment plant without adaptation. lf the sludge was used on the following day, 50 mL of the synthetic sewage concentrate were added per liter of activated sludge and the sludge aerated overnight. Prior to the test, the sludge was washed twice with tap water. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Hardness:
- 1.64 - 30.2 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 22 ± 0.5 °C
- pH:
- 7.5 ± 0.5
- Conductivity:
- 288 - 614 µS/cm
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L
No measured concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- - Test unit: 1000 mL flasks containing a total volume of test suspension of 500 mL;
- Aerated by shaking (120 r.p.m.)
- Measuring apparatus: 300 mL flat bottom BOD-flask; polarographic oxygen electrode, connected to a potentiometric recorder
- Duration/contact time: 3 hours in a temperature-controlled room
- Test medium: Synthetic sewage feed prepared with tap water - 16 mL of 100-fold sewage concentrate per 500 mL of final test mixture
- Controls: 2 blank controls with inoculated sample without test substance - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 2 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC20
- Effect conc.:
- > 2 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EC80
- Effect conc.:
- > 2 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- At the applied test concentrations, the test substance showed no significant toxic effects to the activated sludge. The respiration rates were in the same range as determined for the two blank controls. The variation between the two controls was ±1.7 %. Therefore, the test was considered valid.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- The EC50 value of the reference substance 3,5-dichlorophenol was estimated to be 3.7 mg/L which was low but in the range of 5 mg/L, thus, confirming suitability of activated sludge and test conditions.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- At the applied test concentrations, the test substance showed no significant toxic effects to the activated sludge. Based on this data the EC20, EC50 and EC80 values were determined to be >2000 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity to microorganisms of the test item was determined according to OECD 209 (1984). The test item was tested in concentration levels of 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L. A concurent control ran parallel. The respiration inhibition of the test item was determined with measuring the O2 concentration after 3 hours contact time with activated sludge from a domestic waste water treatment plant. The activated sludge was treated according to the guideline and then test solution in different concentrations were added to it in BOD bottles. After 3 h exposure time no signifficant effects were observed in any of the treated replicates. Based on this data the EC20, EC50 and EC80 values were determined to be >2000 mg/L.
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- weight of evidence
- Study period:
- from 1989-05-10 to 1989-07-17
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study without detailed documentation
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: "Proposed Method for the Determination of the Biodegradability of Surlactants used in Synthetic Detergents"
- Version / remarks:
- (OECD Technical Report of June 11, 1976)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- After 180 minutes of aeration at 22 °C, the first sample was taken for O2 measurement over a period of up to 10 minutes. Thereafter, in 15 minutes intervals, the rest of the samples were submitted to measurement of O2 concentration.
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution of the test item prepared by dissolving the test item in distilled water at a concentration of 500 mg/L.
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge, domestic
- Details on inoculum:
- - Inoculum: aerobic activated sludge fed with an excess but standard amount of biodegradable food
- Name and location of sewage treatment plant where inoculum was collected: ARA, Sissach, Switzerland
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure:
An aliquot of the final sludge suspension was weighed, dried and the ratio of the wet sludge (mL) to its dry weight (g) determined. Based on this ratio, a volume of washed sludge suspension corresponding to 4 g dry material were made up with Soerensen buffer (pH = 7) to 1 L. To that mixture 50 mL OECD synthetic sewage feed were addedd. Thereafter, the sludge was incubated overnight at 20 - 25 °C under aeration.
- Pretreatment:
The sludge was coarsely sieved, centrifuged, the supernatant liquid phase decanted, the solid material resuspended in tap water and again centrifuged. This procedure was repeated two times more. - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Test temperature:
- 22 °C
- pH:
- 7.7
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 10 and 100 mg/L
No measured concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- The tests were carried out in glass-flasks (>500 mL) aerated with 0.2 L/minute. Flasks were filled up to 500 mL final volume.
- Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3.5-dichlorophenol sodium salt, 3.2, 10 and 50 mg/L
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- IC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Details on results:
- The respiration rate was not inhibited up to the highest tested concentration of 100 mg/L. The IC50 of the test item was found to be >100 mg/L.
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- At a concentration of the standard of 3.2 mg/L, the respiration rate was moderately inhibited to 43.6 %. The IC50 was found to be about 5.2 mg/L. Almost complete inhibition of 96.2 % was observed at 50 mg/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The test item showed no inhibition of the respiration rate up to a concentration of 100 mg/L. The IC50 was determined to be >100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The toxicity to microorganisms of the test item was determined according to OECD 209 (1984) and OECD Technical report "Proposed Method for the Determination of the Biodegradability of Surlactants used in Synthetic Detergents" (1976). The test item was tested in concentration levels of 10 and 100 mg/L. A concurent two controls ran parallel and as reference item 3,5 -dichlorophenol was tested in three different concentrations - 3.2, 10 and 50 mg/L. The respiration inhibition of the test item was determined with measuring the O2 concentration after 3 hours contact time with activated sludge from a domestic waste water treatment plant. The activated sludge was treated according to the guideline and then test solution in different concentrations were added to it in glass flasks. After 3 h exposure time no signifficant effects were observed in any of the treated replicates. Based on this data the IC50 for the test item was determined to be >100 mg/L.
Referenceopen allclose all
Table 1: Definitive test: activated sludge respiration rates after 3 h of exposure to the test material and calculation of the inhibition.
Nominal concentration (mg/L) |
Code |
O2 consumption rates (mg O2 / L.h) |
Respiration inhibition (%) |
Control 0 0 |
B1 B2 |
36.1 37.4 |
- - |
125 |
T1 |
38.7 |
-5.4 |
250 |
T2 |
38.9 |
-6.0 |
500 |
T3 |
38.0 |
-3.4 |
1000 |
T4 |
38.8 |
-5.6 |
2000 |
T5 |
39.2 |
-6.6 |
|
|
|
|
Reference 3 10 30 |
R1 R2 R3 |
21.0 8.9 4.4 |
42.9 75.7 88.0 |
Table 2: Chemical composition of the tap water supplying the laboratory
Parameter a) |
Unit |
Minimum |
Maximum |
pH |
|
7.3 |
7.6 |
Conductivity (20 °C) |
µS/cm |
288 |
614 |
Total Hardness |
°F |
16.4 |
30.2 |
CO3 - Hardness |
°F |
14.9 |
26.3 |
Rest – Hardness |
°F |
1.5 |
3.9 |
Total Hardness |
mmol/L |
1.64 |
3.02 |
Acid consumption |
mmol/L |
2.88 |
5.26 |
E. Coli |
Per 100 mL |
0 |
0 |
Colony counts: (20 °C) (30 °C) |
Per mL |
0 0 |
22 57 |
Ammonium |
mg/L |
<0.01 |
<0.01 |
Nitrite |
mg/L |
<0.002 |
0.002 |
Nitrate |
mg/L |
3.5 |
12.0 |
Chloride |
mg/L |
5.0 |
9.0 |
Phosphate as PO4-P |
mg/L |
0.004 |
0.035 |
Sulfate |
mg/L |
13.5 |
18.5 |
a) Analysis of 18.09.06; conducted by KANTONALES LABOR ZÜRICH, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland.
Table 3: Composition of the synthetic sewage feed; 100-fold concentrate OECD synthetic sewage
Dissolved amount per liter of tap water:
Substance |
Concentration |
Peptone |
16 g |
Meat extract |
11 g |
Urea |
3 g |
Sodium chloride |
0.7 g |
Calcium chloride dihydrate |
0.4 g |
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate |
0.2 g |
Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate |
2.8 g |
Table 1. Influence of the test item on oxygen consumption of activated sludge
Flask No. |
Chemical |
Concentration of test item (mg/L) |
Oxygen consumption (mg O2/L min.) |
Inhibition (%) |
pH |
1 11 |
Control Control |
- - |
0.79 0.77 |
- - |
7.7 7.7 |
Mean ± s |
0.78 ± 0.01 (1 %) |
||||
5 6 |
Test item Test item |
100 10 |
0.83 0.86 |
-6.4 -10.3 |
7.7 7.7 |
Table 2. Influence of 3,5-dichlorophenol sodium salt on oxygen consumption of activated sludge
Flask No. |
Chemical |
Concentration of ref. item (mg/L) |
Oxygen consumption (mg O2/L min.) |
Inhibition (%) |
pH |
1 11 |
Control Control |
- - |
0.79 0.77 |
- - |
7.7 7.7 |
Mean ± s |
0.78 ± 0.01 (1 %) |
||||
2 3 4 |
3,5-dichlorophenol 3,5-dichlorophenol 3,5-dichlorophenol |
50 10 3.2 |
0.03 0.38 0.44 |
96.2 61.3 43.6 |
7.7 7.7 7.7 |
Description of key information
In a weight of evidence approach was shown that the test item is not toxic to microorganisms and the EC50 was determined to be >2000 mg/L. The NOEC was determined to be 2000 mg/L.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC10 or NOEC for microorganisms:
- 2 000 mg/L
Additional information
Two studies were performed with the test item. In the first it was tested up to 2000 mg/L and in the second up to 100 mg/L. In both studies no significant toxic effects to the activated sludge were observed. Based on this data the EC50 value was determined to be >2000 mg/L and >100 mg/L, respectively. The NOEC was determined to be 2000 mg/L.
In the first study (2007), the toxicity to microorganisms of the test item was determined according to OECD 209 (1984). The test item was tested in concentration levels of 125, 250, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/L. A concurent control ran parallel. The respiration inhibition of the test item was determined with measuring the O2 concentration after 3 hours contact time with activated sludge from a domestic waste water treatment plant. The activated sludge was treated according to the guideline and then test solution in different concentrations were added to it in BOD bottles. After 3 h exposure time no signifficant effects were observed in any of the treated replicates. Based on this data the EC20, EC50 and EC80 values were determined to be >2000 mg/L. The NOEC was determined to be 2000 mg/L.
In an additional study (1989), the toxicity to microorganisms of the test item was determined according to OECD 209 (1984) and OECD Technical report "Proposed Method for the Determination of the Biodegradability of Surlactants used in Synthetic Detergents" (1976). The test item was tested in concentration levels of 10 and 100 mg/L. A concurent two controls ran parallel and as reference item 3,5 -dichlorophenol was tested in three different concentrations - 3.2, 10 and 50 mg/L. The respiration inhibition of the test item was determined with measuring the O2 concentration after 3 hours contact time with activated sludge from a domestic waste water treatment plant. The activated sludge was treated according to the guideline and then test solution in different concentrations were added to it in glass flasks. After 3 h exposure time no signifficant effects were observed in any of the treated replicates. Based on this data the IC50 for the test item was determined to be >100 mg/L. This result supported the results obtained from the other study.
In conclusion, the test item is not toxic towards microorganisms and the EC50 can be stated as >2000 mg/L.
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