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EC number: 249-528-5 | CAS number: 29232-93-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Phototransformation in water
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- phototransformation in water
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 3 Feb 2005 to 27 Jun 2005
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Study type:
- direct photolysis
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: JMAFF Agchem Test Guidelines 12 Nousan N. 8147
- Version / remarks:
- 24 November 2000, revised 26 June 2001: Photodegradation in Water (2-6-2)
- Deviations:
- not specified
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: OECD Guideline for Testing of Chemicals, phototransformation of Chemicals in water
- Version / remarks:
- draft document, August 2000
- Deviations:
- not specified
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Radiolabelling:
- yes
- Analytical method:
- high-performance liquid chromatography
- mass spectrometry
- other: Thin-Layer Chromatography (TLC); Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy
- Details on sampling:
- - Sampling intervals: Duplicate irradiated samples were taken after 0, 0.5, 1 and 4 hours and after 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 and 15 days of irradiation. Single dark control samples were taken after 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 15 days.
- Light source:
- Xenon lamp
- Remarks:
- 1.8 kW xenon burner and an UV filter system
- Light spectrum: wavelength in nm:
- > 300 - <= 400
- Relative light intensity:
- 56.5
- Details on light source:
- - Xenon Burner: Max. 765 W/m2 at max. UV filtering (lambda < 800 nm) with irradiance between 400 W/m2 and 765 W/m2 to a pre-set value.
- Filters: UV filter with a 290 nm cut-off to simulate natural sunlight.
- Total exposure area: Approximately 500 cm2
- Vessel exposed area: 28.26 cm2 - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessels: Cylindrical glass vessels; covered with quartz glass plates (to cut off radiation below 290 nm similarly to the natural sunlight cut-off by ozone), which were screwed on top of the vessel. The light was allowed to enter the solution only from the top of the vessel.
- Sterilisation method: All glass equipment was sterilised prior to use by rinsing with an ethanol/water (70:30; v/v) solution.
- Details on prevent evaporation of the test item: Filtered, humidified air was continuously drawn through the incubation vessels at about 30 mL/minute from day 1 onwards due to the high vapour pressure of the test item. This reduced any evaporation of the test item during its irradiation.
- Details of traps for volatile: Any radioactive carbon dioxide or volatile compounds in the purged air was captured in traps containing about 50 mL ethylene glycol and 2N NaOH. Trapping solutions were exchanged at each sampling interval with the exception of the very short sampling intervals until day 1. No trapping of volatiles was performed for these short time samples due to the high vapour pressure of the test item.
TEST MEDIUM
- Volume used/treatment: 85 mL of test solution
- Source and properties of natural water: Table 1 in 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'
- Preparation of test solution: The radiolabelled test item was transferred to a 5 mL measuring flask and the volume made up to the mark with acetonitrile (application solution). The total amount of 14C-lablled test substance present in the solution was determined by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). Based on the total radioactivity measured (1'274'210 dpm per 10 μL) and the specific activity of 2.61 MBq/mg, the concentration of the solution was calculated to be about 0.814 mg 14C-labelled test substance/mL.
- Application of test solution: For the irradiated samples, individual applications were performed at each vessels grouped by each sampling time. For this purpose, volumes of 85 mL sterile pond water were separately transferred to the reaction vessels followed by 110 μL of the application solution. The resulting solutions were mixed thoroughly. The final content of the co-solvent acetonitrile was below 0.2%. For the dark controls a batch application was performed. Therefore, 250 mL aliquots of sterile pond water were transferred to a measuring cylinder, followed by 390 μL of the application solution. The resulting solution was mixed thoroughly. Thereafter, 20 mL aliquots were separately transferred to the previously sterilised test vessels using a sterile pipette.
- Sterility of the test solutions: The sterility of the irradiated and control solutions was checked by plate counts at the start and end of the 15-day irradiation/incubation period. A single aliquot (0.5 mL) of the test solution was uniformly distributed onto the surface of agar plates and then incubated at room temperature for up to 7 days. In addition, a positive control (1 mL tap water) and a negative control (1 mL sterile water) were incubated under the same conditions. The colonies that developed on these plates were counted.
- pH: 8.3 - 8.7 for all samples
REPLICATION
- No. of replicates (dark control): 1 (containing about 20 mL test solution)
- No. of replicates (irradiated): 2 - Duration:
- 15 d
- Temp.:
- 25 °C
- Initial conc. measured:
- 1.047 mg/L
- Reference substance:
- no
- Dark controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 0.948 mg 14C-labelled test substance/L
- Computational methods:
- The photolytic half lives (DT50 and DT90-values) of the test item and one of its major degradation products were calculated by applying first-order (parent) or consecutive first order (major degradation product) reaction kinetics.
- Preliminary study:
- not performed
- Test performance:
- not reported
- Parameter:
- not specified
- % Degr.:
- 94
- Sampling time:
- 1 h
- Test condition:
- irradiated
- Remarks on result:
- other: expressed as applied radioactivity of the parent compound
- % Degr.:
- 3.2
- Sampling time:
- 1 h
- Test condition:
- dark control
- Remarks on result:
- other: expressed as applied radioactivity of the parent compound
- % Degr.:
- 23.7
- Sampling time:
- 15 d
- Test condition:
- dark control
- Remarks on result:
- other: expressed as applied radioactivity of the parent compound left at the end of the study
- Key result
- DT50:
- 0.07 d
- Test condition:
- Irradiated
- Remarks on result:
- other: equivalent to natural Tokyo spring sunlight at latitude 35°N
- DT50:
- 0.02 d
- Test condition:
- Irradiated
- Remarks on result:
- other: equivalent to natural summer sunlight for latitude 30 °N - 50 °N
- DT50:
- 0.01 d
- Test condition:
- irradiated
- Remarks on result:
- other: experimental result, continuous irradiation (56.5 W/m2)
- Transformation products:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See additional information provided in overall endpoint summary.
- Details on results:
- An overview of the results is provided in Table 2 - Table 7 in 'Any other information on results incl. tables'.
- Material balance: The total mean recoveries from the irradiated and dark control samples during the study were 98.0 ± 2.4% and 95.2 ± 3.1 % of the applied radioactivity, respectively.
- Photodegradation of 14C-labelled test substance: 14C-labelled test substance was very rapidly photo-degraded in natural pond water. Under
irradiation the amount of 14C-labelled test substance decreased from initially 100.0% to 6.0% within 1 hour (0.04 days) and was no longer detected thereafter. Besides the test item, up to twelve radioactive fractions were detected by HPLC. Five of which exceeded 10% of the applied radioactivity. The amount of radioactive carbon dioxide in the irradiated samples increased continuously to 3.6% of the applied radioactivity at the end of irradiation.
The most significant photo-degradate was M1, identified by co-chromatography using HPLC and 2D-TLC. It reached its maximum amount of 78.5% after 4 hours (0.17 days) and decreased to 3.0% by the end of irradiation. Other major unidentified metabolites 5, 11 and 12 were formed more slowly mainly by further photolysis of M1. Unknown metabolite 5 reached its highest concentration of 18.3% on day 10 and decreased thereafter to 15.6% after 15 days of irradiation. Unknown metabolite 11 increased up to 38.6% within 5 days then remained at this plateau value from day 5 onwards until the end of irradiation. Unknown metabolite12 increased throughout the study reaching a maximum amount of 21.4% on day 15. All other metabolites were individually ≤ 4.9% (mean values) with the exception of unknown metabolite 1 reaching 9.8% after 0.02 days of irradiation decreasing to 2.8% after 0.17 days. When the irradiated samples of day 15 were analysed by TLC, contrary to the previous HPLC analysis, four major radioactive fractions amounting to 14.3%, 20.3%, 12.8% and 14.6% of the applied radioactivity were detected. Since M1 represented only 3.0% by HPLC at this time, it was assumed that unknown metabolite 11 (HPLC metabolite) consisted of probably two components and that an additional major metabolite was present, not separated by the conditions used. This additional metabolite was also detected by the HPLC method used for LC-NMR. The major metabolites were identified by LC-MS and LC-NMR. Based on the retention times on HPLC unknown metabolite 5 corresponded to the proposed structure for M7, unknown metabolite 11a to the proposed structure for M8 and unknown metabolite 12 to the proposed structure for M10. The additional unknown metabolite 11b was identified as M9.
- Dark control: The parent compound was shown to be stable in the dark for at least 1 day. Therefore the degradation in the irradiated samples was due to photolysis only. The degradation under dark conditions was prolonged until day 15. It was however observed that the test item slowly hydrolyses in the pond water. 14C-labelled test substamce was degraded from 100% initially to 76.3% within 15 days of incubation. Three minor metabolites were detected including M1. Unknown metabolite 3 was the most significant degradate, reaching its highest amount of 8.2% at study end. Virtually no carbon dioxide was formed in the dark controls (≤ 0.1 %). - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 14C-labelled test substance is instantly photo-degraded in natural pond water with a photolytic Suntest half-life of about 14.4 min (0.01 days), equivalent to 0.07 days Tokyo spring sunlight (35°N) or 0.02 days summer sunlight at latitudes 30-50°N. Under irradiation, it degraded mainly by loss of its thiophosphoric acid moiety.
- Executive summary:
The direct photodegradation of the test substance was determined in a study according to JMAFF Agchem Test Guidelines 12 Nousan N and a proposal of new OECD Guideline: Phototransformation of Chemicals in Water and was in compliance with GLP criteria. In this study, radiolabelled test substance was exposed to simulated sunlight in sterile natural pond water at about pH 8.5. The "Suntest" apparatus was equipped with a 1.8 kW xenon arc lamp. Filters were used to cut off ultraviolet light with a wavelength below 290 nm. For a representative range (300 nm to 400 nm) of the whole visual light spectrum, the intensity of the light was determined to be 56.5 W/m2 at the surface of the photo-degradation vessels. This intensity was slightly lower than that of natural summer sunlight at latitudes 30 to 50 °N (67.1 W/m2). Individual samples (85 mL) at an initial concentration of 1.1 mg 14C-labelled test substance/L sterile pond water were prepared. Samples were continuously irradiated for a period of 15 days at a mean temperature of 24.9 ± 0.3 °C. Duplicate irradiated samples were taken for analysis at evenly spaced intervals over the incubation period. Corresponding single control samples were incubated at a temperature of 25.3 ± 0.3 °C in the dark and taken at the same intervals as the irradiated samples. The 15 days of continuous Suntest irradiation corresponded to 109 days of natural Tokyo spring sunlight (35°N) and to 34 natural summer sunlight days at latitudes 30 to 50 °N.
The total mean recoveries from the irradiated and dark control solutions during the 15-day incubation period amounted to 98.0% ± 2.4% and 95.2% ± 3.1% of the initially applied radioactivity, respectively. The 14C-labelled test substance was rapidly photodegraded in sterile natural pond water. Within 0.04 days (1 h) of irradiation, the test item decreased from 100.0% initially to 6.0% of the applied radioactivity (mean values) and was no longer detected after this time. Besides 14C-labelled test substance, up to twelve radioactive fractions were detected in the irradiated samples of which five exceeded 10% of the applied radioactivity. The most significant photodegradation product was M1, identified by co-chromatography using HPLC and 2D-TLC. It reached its maximum amount of 78.5% after 4 hours (0.17 days) and decreased to 3.0% by the end of irradiation. The parent compound was shown to be stable in the dark for at least 1 day. Therefore the degradation in the irradiated samples was due to photolysis only. Based on the findings, the radiolabelled test substance is instantly photo-degraded in natural pond water with a photolytic Suntest half-life of about 14.4 min (0.01 days), equivalent to 0.07 days Tokyo spring sunlight (35°N) or 0.02 days summer sunlight at latitudes 30-50°N.
Reference
Table 2. Material Balance of radioactivity in the irradiated samples. Results shown in % of the applied radioactivity (a) and in mg parent equivalents per litre (b).
a)
Irradiated sterile pond water | Irradiation Time in days | ||||||||||
[Suntest] | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 15 | |
[Sunlight]1 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 1 | 7 | 22 | 36 | 51 | 73 | 109 | |
[Sunlight]2 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 34 | |
% Applied | |||||||||||
Radioactivity in sample | A | 100 | 97.1 | 97.3 | 98.1 | 97.2 | 96.5 | 101.2 | 92.8 | 95.7 | 90.2 |
B | 100 | 97.7 | 99 | 97.1 | 96.7 | 97.4 | 103.5 | 94.8 | 94 | 92.3 | |
Mean | 100 | 97.4 | 98.1 | 97.6 | 97 | 97 | 102.4 | 93.8 | 94.9 | 91.2 | |
14CO2 | A | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | <I.d. | <l.d. | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3.7 |
B | n.p | n.p. | n.p. | <l.d. | 0.1 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | |
Mean | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.6 | |
Total | A | 100 | 97.1 | 97.3 | 98.1 | 97.3 | 97.1 | 102.2 | 94.9 | 98.7 | 93.9 |
B | 100 | 97.7 | 99 | 97.1 | 96.8 | 98 | 104.9 | 97.4 | 97.5 | 95.8 | |
Mean ± SD | 98.0 ± 2.4 |
b)
Irradiated sterile pond water | Irradiation Time in days | ||||||||||
[Suntest] | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 15 | |
[Sunlight]1 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 1 | 7 | 22 | 36 | 51 | 73 | 109 | |
[Sunlight]2 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 34 | |
mg/L | |||||||||||
Radioactivity in sample | A | 1.038 | 1.007 | 1.009 | 1.018 | 1.009 | 1.002 | 1.05 | 0.963 | 0.993 | 0.936 |
B | 1.038 | 1.014 | 1.027 | 1.007 | 1.003 | 1.011 | 1.074 | 0.984 | 0.975 | 0.957 | |
Mean | 1.038 | 1.011 | 1.018 | 1.013 | 1.006 | 1.006 | 1.062 | 0.974 | 0.984 | 0.946 | |
14CO2 | A | n.p. | n.p. | n.p. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.006 | 0.01 | 0.021 | 0.031 | 0.039 |
B | n.p. | n.p. | n.p | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.006 | 0.015 | 0.027 | 0.036 | 0.036 | |
Mean | n.p. | n.p. | <0.001 | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.006 | 0.013 | 0.024 | 0.034 | 0.037 | |
Total | A | 1.038 | 1.007 | 1.009 | 1.018 | 1.009 | 1.007 | 1.061 | 0.984 | 1.024 | 0.974 |
B | 1.038 | 1.014 | 1.027 | 1.007 | 1.004 | 1.017 | 1.089 | 1.011 | 1.012 | 0.994 | |
Mean ± SD | 1.017 ± 0.025 |
A/B: Replicates
SD: Standard deviation
n.p. : not performed
l.d.: limit of detection
1 Corresponding to Tokyo, Japan (35°N latitude) spring sunlight
2 natural summer sunlight at latitude 30 to 50°N
Table 3. Material Balance of radioactivity in the dark control samples. Results shown in % of the applied radioactivity (a) and in mg parent equivalents per litre (b).
a)
Dark control | Incubation Time in days | ||||||
sterile pond water | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 15 |
(% applied) | |||||||
Radioactivity in sample without backwash | 100 | 96.8 | 80.2 | 90.2 | 78.1 | 87 | 83.4 |
Backwash with acetonitrile | n.p. | n.p. | 15.6 | 6.5 | 13.1 | 6.9 | 8.6 |
Total Radioactivity in sample | 100 | 96.8 | 95.8 | 96.7 | 91.2 | 93.9 | 92 |
14 CO2 | n.p. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <0.1 |
Total | 100 | 96.8 | 95.8 | 96.7 | 91.2 | 93.9 | 92 |
Mean ± SD | 95.2 ± 3.1 |
b)
Dark control | Incubation Time in days | ||||||
sterile pond water | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 15 |
(mg/I) | |||||||
Radioactivity in sample without backwash | 0.948 | 0.918 | 0.76 | 0.856 | 0.739 | 0.825 | 0.792 |
Backwash with acetonitrile | n.p. | n.p. | 0.148 | 0.061 | 0.125 | 0.065 | 0.081 |
Total Radioactivity in sample | 0.948 | 0.918 | 0.908 | 0.917 | 0.864 | 0.89 | 0.873 |
14CO2 | n.p. | < l.d. | < l.d. | < l.d. | < l.d. | < l.d. | < l.d. |
Total | 0.948 | 0.918 | 0.908 | 0.917 | 0.865 | 0.891 | 0.873 |
Mean ± SD | 0.903 ± 0.029 |
n.p.: Not performed
SD: Standard deviation
l.d.: limit of detection
Table 4. Degradation of 14C-labelled test substance in the irradiated samples. Results are shown in % of the applied radioactivity.
Irradiated pond water pattern (% applied) | Irradiation Time in days | |||||||||||
[Suntest] | 0 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.17 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 10 | 15 | ||
[Sunlight]1 | 0 | 0.15 | 0.29 | 1.23 | 7 | 22 | 36 | 51 | 73 | 109 | ||
[Sunlight]2 | 0 | 0.04 | 0.09 | 0.38 | 2 | 7 | 11 | 16 | 22 | 34 | ||
Test substance | A | 100 | 28.4 | 7.2 | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
B | 100 | 23.5 | 4.9 | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | ||
Mean | 100 | 25.9 | 6 | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <1.d. | <l.d. | ||
Unknown 1 | A | <l.d. | 8.8 | 7.3 | 3 | 2 | 0.8 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 3.8 | <l.d. | |
B | <l.d. | 10.7 | 6.1 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 3.7 | 2.6 | 1.6 | 3.7 | <l.d. | ||
Mean | <l.d. | 9.8 | 6.7 | 2.8 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.7 | 1.9 | 3.8 | <l.d. | ||
Unknown 2 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.8 | 3 | 1.1 | 2.8 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 1 | 1.7 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | 4.7 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 1.6 | 3 | 1.3 | 0.8 | 1.9 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <I.d. | 3.7 | 2.5 | 1.6 | 2.2 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 0.9 | 1.8 | ||
Unknown 3 | A | <l.d. | 3.8 | 3.7 | 2.4 | 1 | 3.7 | 1.1 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 1.6 | |
B | <l.d. | 4.3 | 3.4 | 1.4 | 3.5 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 2.4 | 2.3 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | 4 | 3.6 | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 2 | ||
M1 | A | <l.d. | 56.2 | 74.7 | 77.6 | 64.8 | 33.9 | 17.7 | 12.8 | 5.5 | 2.9 | |
B | <l.d. | 59.3 | 78.1 | 79.5 | 56.5 | 26 | 13.6 | 8.5 | 4.8 | 3 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | 57.7 | 76.4 | 78.5 | 60.7 | 30 | 15.7 | 10.7 | 5.2 | 3 | ||
Unknown 5 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.8 | 5.2 | 10.1 | 12.3 | 11.2 | 16.4 | 16.9 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.6 | 2.3 | 9 | 16 | 13.1 | 20.2 | 14.3 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.7 | 3.8 | 9.5 | 14.1 | 12.2 | 18.3 | 15.6 | ||
Unknown 6 | A | <l.d. | <1.d. | <l.d. | 1.5 | 2.3 | <l.d. | <l.d. | 3.4 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.9 | 3 | <l.d. | 1.2 | 3.8 | <l.d. | <l.d. | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.7 | 2.6 | <l.d. | 0.6 | 3.6 | <l.d. | <l.d. | ||
M3 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.2 | 0.6 | 3.6 | 3.7 | <l.d. | <l.d. | 3.8 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.2 | 0.9 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 3.2 | <l.d. | 3.8 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.2 | 0.8 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 1.6 | <l.d. | 3.8 | ||
Unknown 8 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <I.d. | <l.d. | 2.4 | 5.5 | 4 | 5.4 | 4.5 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 3.9 | 4.4 | 3.4 | 4.4 | 4.4 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 3.1 | 4.9 | 3.7 | 4.9 | 4.5 | ||
Unknown 9 | A | <l.d. | <1.d. | <1.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.1 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.7 | 1.3 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.2 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.2 | 0.8 | 1.1 | 1.5 | 1.3 | ||
Unknown 10 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.6 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 2.3 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 1.4 | 2.2 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 0.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 2.9 | 2.3 | ||
Unknown 11 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.6 | 6.7 | 17.6 | 28 | 38.2 | 33.7 | 36.9 | 35.3 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.8 | 5.9 | 22.7 | 33.9 | 39 | 38.3 | 39.5 | 36.1 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | 1.7 | 6.3 | 20.1 | 31 | 38.6 | 36 | 38.2 | 35.7 | ||
Unknown 12 | A | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <I.d. | 2.1 | 7.2 | 12.8 | 15.5 | 18.9 | 19.9 | |
B | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.3 | 8.7 | 12.3 | 16.1 | 15.3 | 22.9 | ||
Mean | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. | 2.2 | 7.9 | 12.6 | 15.8 | 17.1 | 21.4 | ||
14CO2 | A | n.p. | n.p. | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0.5 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 3.7 | |
B | n.p. | n.p. | <0.1 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 0.6 | 1.4 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 3.5 | ||
Mean | n.p. | n.p. | <0.1 | <l.d. | 0.1 | 0.6 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 3.2 | 3.6 |
l.d.: limit of detection
A/B: Replicates
100 % corresponds to 1.047 mg parent equivalents/I
1 Corresponding to Tokyo, Japan (35°N latitude) spring sunlight
2 natural summer sunlight at latitude 30 to 50°N
Table 5. Degradation of 14C-labelled test substance in the dark control samples. Results are shown in % of the applied radioactivity.
Dark Control Pond Water Pattern | |||||||
(% applied) | Incubation Time in days | ||||||
0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 | 11 | 15 | |
Test substance | 100 | 96.8 | 91.1 | 91.5 | 84.5 | 83.2 | 76.3 |
Unknown 3 | <0.1 | <0.1 | 1.9 | 3 | 4.2 | 7.3 | 8.2 |
M1 | <0.1 | <l.d. | 2.2 | 1.7 | 2.5 | 3.4 | 3.4 |
Unknown 11 | <0.1 | <l.d. | 0.6 | 0.5 | <l.d. | <l.d. | <l.d. |
TOTAL | 100 | 96.8 | 95.8 | 96.7 | 91.1 | 94 | 88 |
A/B: Replicates
l.d.: limit of detection
100 % corresponds to 0.948 mg parent equivalents/I
Note: The backwash from the samples represented only the parent compound. It should be noted that the parent compound was completely photo-degraded within in the irradiated sample less than 17 days.
Table 6. Comparison of the major metabolites detected by HPLC and 2D/1D-TLC.
HPLC | 2D-TLC | ||
Interval | Name of fraction | (% applied) | (%applied) |
Test substance | 100 | 99.5 | |
M1 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
Day0 A | Unknown 5 | <l.d. | <l.d. |
Unknown 11 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
Unknown 12 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
Test substance | 4.9 | 7.7 | |
M1 | 75.6 | 71.4 | |
1hour B | Unknown 5 | <l.d. | <l.d. |
Unknown 11 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
Unknown 12 | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
Day 15 A | Test substance | <l.d. | 0.8 |
M1 | 2.6 | 2.4 | |
Unknown 5 | 15.2 | 6.1 | |
Unknown 11 | 31.8 | ||
Unknown 12 | 17.9 | 59.11 | |
1D-TLC2 | |||
Test substance | <l.d. | <l.d. | |
M1 | 2.6 | 4.8 | |
Day 15 A | Unknown 5 | 15.2 | 14.6 |
Unknown 11a | 31.8 | 20.3 | |
Unknown 12 | 17.9 | 14.3 | |
Unknown 11b3 | n.d. | 12.8 | |
l.d. limit of detection
n.d. not detected
1 Unknown 11a+b and unknown 12 were not resolved by 2D-TLC
2 1D-TLC was developed two times in SS17 and thereafter in SS16
3 unknown 13 was only detected by 1D-TLC. It co-eluted with unknown 11 by HPLC
Table 7. Values used for kinetic fitting
Test substance | M1 | ||
Incubation day | Value | Incubation day | Value |
[% applied of radioactivity] | [% applied of radioactivity] | ||
0 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
0.02 | 25.9 | 0.02 | 57.7 |
0.04 | 6 | 0.04 | 76.4 |
0.17 | 0 | 0.17 | 78.5 |
-- | -- | 1 | 60.7 |
-- | -- | 3 | 30 |
-- | -- | 5 | 15.7 |
-- | -- | 7 | 10.7 |
-- | -- | 10 | 5.2 |
-- | -- | 15 | 3 |
Results | |||
Test substance | M1 | ||
Half-life | 0.01d | 2.1d | |
co | 100.04 | 82.9229 | |
k1 | 68.119 | 61.43676 | |
k2 | -- | 0.32306 | |
f | 1 | 0.99787 |
-- not applicable
Description of key information
All available data were assessed and the results from the most representative study are selected for the CSA.
Nature pond water, DT50 = 0.07 d, 25 °C, JMAFF Agchem Test guideline 12 Nousan N and a proposal of new OECD Guideline: Phototransformation of Chemicals in Water, direct and indirect photolysis, Adam 2005
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Half-life in water:
- 0.07 d
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