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EC number: 246-515-6 | CAS number: 24887-06-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- November 2009 - January 2010
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-guideline study: The test was made in accordance with the „Revised OECD Principles of Good Laboratory Practice“ (Paris, 1997) as stated in the following guideline: OECD 301B resp. EU C.4.C
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
- Melting point: no melting point, but a melting range (139.0 to 140.7 °C (412.2 to 413.9 K))
- Boiling point: no boiling point (decomposition)
- log Pow: < 0.3
- pKa: 9.61 ± 0.02 and 6.62 ± 0.01
- Stability in water: the substance is only used in aqueous solutions (water solubility: 636.4 ± 13.0 g/L)
- pH dependance on stability: the stability of the chemical in alkaline solution is usually better than in neutral or acid solution.
OTHER PROPERTIES (if relevant for this endpoint)
- Results of test for ready biodegradability: readily biodegradable - Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic (adaptation not specified)
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge:
Activated sludge from a biological sewage treatment plant was used. The chosen plant is treating mostly domestic sewage.The sludge was taken from the activation basin of the ESN (Stadtentsorgung Neustadt) sewage treatment plant, Im Altenschemel, NW-Lachen-Speyerdorf (date of collection: 06. Nov. 2009, batch no: 06112009).
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: . The inoculum was taken from its source, washed, aerated and the dry matter was determined.
- Pretreatment: The sludge was filtrated, washed with tap water twice, then washed with and resuspended in test medium. It was then aerated for
>=12 hours.
- Concentration of sludge: 4600 mg suspended solids/litre
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: The test was performed with a nominal start concentration of 20 mg organic carbon/L
- Water filtered: yes - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 20 mg/L
- Based on:
- other: organic carbon/L
- Initial conc.:
- 25 mg/L
- Based on:
- other: dry matter/L, sludge used in inoculum
- Initial conc.:
- 233 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium:
The medium was freshly prepared.
Composition:
Solution a 10 mL
Solution b 1 mL
Solution c 1 mL
Solution d 1 mL
H2O demin. ad 1000 mL
Solution a)
Potassium dihydrogenephosphate (KH2PO4) 8.5 g
Di-potassium hydrogenephosphate (K2HPO4) 21.75 g
Di-sodiumhydrogenephosphate dihydrate (Na2HPO4*2H2O) 33.4 g
Ammonia chloride (NH4Cl) 0.5 g
H2O demin. ad 1000 mL
The pH was adjusted to 7.4 0.1.
Solution b)
Calcium chloride dihydrate (CaCl2*2H2O) 36.4 g
H2O demin. ad 1000 mL
Solution c)
Magnesium sulfate heptahydrate (MgSO4*7H2O) 22.5 g
H2O demin. ad 1000 mL
Solution d)
Iron(III) chloride hexahydrate (FeCl3*6H2O) 0.25 g
Di-sodium-ethylendiamintetraacetate dihydrate (Na2EDTA*2H2O) 0.4 g
H2O demin. ad 1000 mL
- Test temperature: 22 +/- 2°C
- pH adjusted: yes ( Solution a: The pH was adjusted to 7.4 +/- 0.1)
TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration:
Controls: 2, containing mineral medium and inoculum
Positive control flasks: 2, containing positive control, mineral medium and inoculum
Test flasks: 2, containing test item, mineral medium and inoculum
Abiotic control: 1, containing test item, mineral medium and HgCl2
Toxicity control: 1, containing test item, positive control, mineral medium and inoculum
Incolum concentration: 25.0 mg dry matter/L
Flask Volume: 1500 mL
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: all flasks were aerated for 24 hours with purified, CO2-free, moistened air to purge the system of CO2
- Measuring equipment:
The following instruments and devices were used in the performance of the study:
• Data logger for temperature
• Analytical scales Mettler Toledo AB 184 SA
• Precision scales Sartorius 1403
• Adjustable pipettes with one-way tips Rainin® (for volumes 1 mL, 1 – 10 mL); LAUS-No.s 24; 29
• Carbon analyser TOC multi N/C 2100S, Analytik Jena
• Magnetic stirrers
• pH-meter 340i wtw
• Heating chamber Memmert 4
SAMPLING
From each front scrubber flask, ten samples were taken in order to determine the emitted CO2. (on days 0, 2, 4, 7, 9, 11, 14, 18, 23 and 29). The sample volume was 1 mL. The resulting change in the volume of the front flask was considered in the calculation of emit-ted CO2 (see also chapter 8.2.1).
On day 28, 5 mL HCl 2-m. were added to each test flask in order to drive off dissolved CO2. On day 29, samples from both scrubber flasks were taken.
STATISTICAL METHODS:
Analyses of the emitted CO2 were made by IC measurement using the carbon analyser TOC multi N/C 2100S, Analytik Jena. Each sample was measured at least in duplicate. The carbon analyser was calibrated with freshly prepared reference solutions once a week. After every start, quality control samples were measured.
Emitted Carbon in mg/L test solution at time t is calculated using the following equation:
emittC=(IC(t) - IC(0))* VolNaOH(t)/VolTestVessel
with
emittC emitted carbon in mg/L test solution
IC(t) net inorganic carbon in mg/L NaOH at time t
IC(0) inorganic carbon in mg/L NaOH at the start of the test
VolNaOH (t) remaining volume NaOH in L in the scrubber at time t
(Volume at t = 0 (here: 0.1 L) - ∑ (all sample volumes up to time t))
VolTestVessel test vessel volume in L (here: 1.5) - Reference substance:
- aniline
- Preliminary study:
- No preliminary study was conducted.
- Test performance:
- The test was performed at 22+/- 2. No unusual observations during test or any other information affecting results.
- Parameter:
- other: biodegradation
- Value:
- 67
- Sampling time:
- 9 d
- Parameter:
- other: biodegradation
- Value:
- 72
- Sampling time:
- 10 d
- Parameter:
- other: biodegradation
- Value:
- 77
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: end of the test
- Results with reference substance:
- Degradation behaviour of positive control and toxicity control was normal. Abiotic degradation was less than 5 %. Both replicates of the test item showed very good correspondence.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- • The test item is considered as “readily biodegradable“.
• The degree of biodegradation reached 77 % after 28 days.
• The 10-day-window began on day 8, at its end, 72 % were reached, surpassing the pass level of 60 % given in the OECD guideline.
• The abiotic degradation reached 3.6 %. - Executive summary:
The test item was tested using a concentration of nominally 20 mg organic carbon/L (corresponding to 233.4 mg test item/L) in test medium. Aniline was chosen as positive control. Activated sludge was used as inoculum (concentration
in the test 25 mg dry matter/L). The test was left running for 28 days. All validity criteria were met.
Degradation of the positive control was 67 % after nine days.
The following data were determined for the test item:
10-day-window: day 8-18
degradation at the end of 10-day-window: 72%
degradation at the end of the test: 77 %
pass level: 60% at the end of 10-day-window
Reference
Table 1 emmited carbon in mg/L:
Day |
Control 1 |
Control 2 |
Positive Control 1 |
Positive Control 2 |
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Abiotic Control |
Toxicity Control |
2 |
0.30 |
0.92 |
0.98 |
0.69 |
0.27 |
0.54 |
0.55 |
0.07 |
4 |
0.61 |
1.34 |
3.64 |
5.28 |
0.95 |
2.29 |
0.73 |
1.66 |
7 |
1.22 |
1.64 |
10.56 |
12.50 |
2.44 |
3.38 |
0.64 |
11.16 |
9 |
1.92 |
2.31 |
15.29 |
15.52 |
5.42 |
9.04 |
0.72 |
18.19 |
11 |
2.07 |
2.47 |
15.83 |
16.34 |
8.13 |
9.87 |
0.66 |
22.59 |
14 |
2.28 |
2.38 |
17.15 |
17.01 |
14.94 |
13.90 |
1.08 |
28.02 |
18 |
2.67 |
3.01 |
18.07 |
17.77 |
16.45 |
17.41 |
0.71 |
31.34 |
23 |
3.03 |
2.57 |
18.41 |
17.04 |
17.38 |
18.61 |
0.72 |
32.99 |
29 |
3.78 |
3.53 |
17.54 |
18.94 |
18.10 |
19.45 |
0.71 |
33.85 |
table 2 Degradation Values:
Day |
Positive Control 1 |
Positive Control 2 |
Positive Control Mean |
Test 1 |
Test 2 |
Test Mean |
Abiotic Control |
Toxicity Control |
2 |
1.9 |
0.4 |
1.1 |
-1.8 |
-0.4 |
-1.1 |
2.8 |
-1.4 |
4 |
13.5 |
21.8 |
17.6 |
-0.1 |
6.7 |
3.3 |
3.7 |
1.7 |
7 |
46.2 |
56.0 |
51.1 |
5.1 |
10.0 |
7.6 |
3.3 |
24.8 |
9 |
66.7 |
67.8 |
67.2 |
16.9 |
35.5 |
26.2 |
3.7 |
40.9 |
11 |
68.6 |
71.2 |
69.9 |
30.0 |
38.9 |
34.5 |
3.4 |
51.7 |
14 |
75.0 |
74.3 |
74.6 |
64.6 |
59.3 |
61.9 |
5.5 |
65.4 |
18 |
77.1 |
75.6 |
76.3 |
69.7 |
74.6 |
72.1 |
3.6 |
72.5 |
23 |
79.0 |
72.0 |
75.5 |
74.6 |
80.9 |
77.8 |
3.7 |
76.8 |
29 |
70.2 |
77.3 |
73.8 |
73.9 |
80.9 |
77.4 |
3.6 |
76.8 |
table 3: Validity:
Parameter |
Criterion |
Found |
Assessment |
IC content of test item solution in medium |
<=5% of TC |
2.66% |
valid |
CO2emitted by the controls |
< 70 mg/L |
13.4mg/L |
valid |
Difference within replicates |
<=20% |
6.9% |
valid |
Degradation of positive control > 60% |
< 14 days |
9 days |
valid |
Degradation in the toxicity flask on day 14 |
> 25% |
65.4 % |
valid |
All validity criteria were met. Degradation behaviour of positive control and toxicity control was normal. Abiotic degradation was less than 5 %. Both replicates of the test item showed very good correspondence. If degradation in the toxicity flask is below 25% after 14 days, the test item can be considered as toxic towards the inoculum. As degradation in the toxicity flask was 65.4% after 14 days, the test item can be stated as “not toxic towards the inoculum in a concentration of 233.4 mg/l”.
Description of key information
The biodegradation of the substance is 77 % (28 d), respectively 72 % (10-day-window)
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
According to the guideline study OECD 301 B, the substance was tested using a concentration of nominally 20 mg organic carbon/L in test medium. Activated sludge was used as inoculum. The test was left running for 28 days. All validity criteria were met. The biodegrading of the substance is 77 % (28 d), respectively 72 % (10-day-window). The test can be considered as valid.
A supporting study according to OECD 302 B proofed the biodegradability; however the given data are not sufficient for a terminal conclusion.
Another non GLP-Study according to OECD 301 B shows deficiencies and results that could not be reproduced. Therefore these results will not be taken into the further considerations.
Additionally the substance’s biodegradability was also estimated by a calculation using the software “Biowin”. The estimation resulted in a conclusion to consider the organic part of the substance as readily biodegradable.
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