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EC number: 212-298-1 | CAS number: 778-94-9
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to terrestrial plants
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to terrestrial plants: long-term
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 23 – 20 Dec 2019
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 019
- Report date:
- 2020
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: HJ/T 153-2004, The Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals [S]. Beijing: State Environmental Protection Administration
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The test was performed in compliance with the requirements of the Principles of Good Laboratory Practices (GB/T 22278-2008).
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
- EC Number:
- 212-298-1
- EC Name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
- Cas Number:
- 778-94-9
- Molecular formula:
- C8H3F3N2O2
- IUPAC Name:
- 2-nitro-4-(trifluoromethyl)benzonitrile
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: 0.0 (Control), 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50 and 100 mg/L
- Sampling method: For blank control and 3.125 mg/L: 20 mL stock solution water samples were collected for each treatment group. For 6.25 mg/L, 12.5 mg/L, 25 mg/L: 10 mL stock solution water samples were collected for each treatment group. For 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L: 2 mL stock solution water samples were collected for each treatment group.
Test substrate
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on preparation and application of test substrate:
- - Method of mixing into soil (if used): 30 mL test solution was added to 100 g quartz sand and mixed thoroughly.
Test organisms
open allclose all
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: radish
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Glycine max (G. soja)
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: soybean
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: tomato
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- other: Capsicum frutescens L.
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: green chili pepper
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Zea mays
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: corn
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Cucumis sativus
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: cucumber
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Brassica oleracea var. capitata
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: cabbage
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Oryza sativa
- Plant group:
- Monocotyledonae (monocots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: rice
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: lettuce
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
- Species:
- Brassica campestris var. chinensis
- Plant group:
- Dicotyledonae (dicots)
- Details on test organisms:
- - Common name: pak choi
- Source of seed: Nanjing Vegetable Science Research Institute
- Seed storage: Test plant seeds were sealed and stored in a refrigerator at 5 °C
Study design
- Test type:
- seed germination/root elongation toxicity test
- Study type:
- laboratory study
- Substrate type:
- artificial soil
- Limit test:
- no
- Remarks:
- When the seed germination rate in the control group reached 65% or higher and when root length was at least 20 mm, the test was terminated.
Test conditions
- Test temperature:
- 24.8 - 25.2 °C
- pH:
- 7.59 - 7.77 (blank control)
6.58 - 7.91 (treatments) - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Testing facility: Testing laboratory
- Test container (type, material, size): Culture dish (diameter 120 mm, Xuzhou Dahua Glass Products Co., Ltd.); Artificial climate incubator (JM-600, Jiangsu Jiamei Instrument Manufacturing Co., Ltd.)
- Amount of soil: 100 g
- Method of seeding: The plant seeds used in the test were placed on the surface of the test substrate ensuring the direction of the ends of the seed radicles and the direction of growth were in a straight line. These were then sealed using perforated film and placed in an artificial climate box.
- No. of seeds per container: 10 seeds/dish
- No. of replicates per treatment group: 3
- No. of replicates per control: 3
GROWTH CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: complete darkness
- Day/night temperatures: 24.8 - 25.2 °C
- Relative humidity (%): 79.8 - 80.2%
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable):
- When the seed germination rate in the control group reached 65% or higher and when root length was at least 20 mm, the test was terminated. When both conditions had been satisfied, mean germination count and mean root length were determined for each treatment (and control) seed
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study
- Test concentrations: 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 1000 mg/L test substance
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: Obvious inhibitory effects on germination and root elongation in the test groups of the 10 seed species exposed to 100 mg/L - 1000 mg/L - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- See Table 2 in "Any other information on results incl. tables"
- Reference substance (positive control):
- no
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Species:
- Brassica campestris var. chinensis
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Oryza sativa
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Brassica oleracea var. capitata
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 24.1 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Cucumis sativus
- Duration:
- 6 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Zea mays
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- other: Capsicum frutescens L.
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 29.4 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Glycine max (G. soja)
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- germination
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Brassica campestris var. chinensis
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 8.16 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Lactuca sativa
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 9.62 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Oryza sativa
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 11.7 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Brassica oleracea var. capitata
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 6.28 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Cucumis sativus
- Duration:
- 6 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 5.06 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Zea mays
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 53.5 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- other: Capsicum frutescens L.
- Duration:
- 12 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 11.1 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Lycopersicon esculentum
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 3.41 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Glycine max (G. soja)
- Duration:
- 13 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 36.1 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Species:
- Raphanus sativus
- Duration:
- 7 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 13.9 other: mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: root elongation
- Remarks on result:
- other:
- Remarks:
- Test was ended when germination rates for each seed species in the blank control group reached 65% or higher and root length exceeded 20 mm.
- Details on results:
- SEED GERMINATION
- Percent seed germination: At the end of the pre-test and the actual test, germination rates for all seed species in the blank control group were 73.3% - 100% (> 65%). At the lowest concentration (100 mg/L), there were already obvious inhibitory effects on germination rates in these 10 seed species, the inhibition rates for all seeds were 6.70% - 84.7%. In the 100 mg/L, 500 mg/L, and 1000 mg/L treatment groups, root elongation was inhibited in all seeds to varying degrees.
- Root length: At the end of the pre-test and the actual test, root lengths exceeded 20 mm.
SEEDLING EMERGENCE
- Percent seedling emergence: Rate of inhibition on root elongation for all seeds increased as test substance concentration increased. At the highest concentration, the range of root elongation inhibition rates for all seeds was 54.9% - 97.9%.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1: Newly Prepared Test Medium Actual Measured Concentration and pH Measurement Results
Batch no. |
Prepared concentration (mg/L) |
Measured concentration (mg/L) |
pH |
First batch |
Blank control |
ND |
7.77 |
3.125 |
3.13 |
7.91 |
|
6.25 |
6.20 |
7.60 |
|
12.5 |
12.1 |
7.44 |
|
25.0 |
25.4 |
7.14 |
|
50.0 |
50.1 |
6.84 |
|
100 |
103 |
6.59 |
|
Second batch |
Blank control |
ND |
7.59 |
3.125 |
3.18 |
7.41 |
|
6.25 |
6.22 |
7.15 |
|
12.5 |
12.3 |
7.10 |
|
25.0 |
25.2 |
6.90 |
|
50.0 |
49.9 |
6.80 |
|
100 |
101 |
6.58 |
Table 2: Effect concentrations with 95% confidence interval for the tested species.
Seed name |
EC10 (mg/L) 95% confidence interval (mg/L) |
EC50 (mg/L) 95% confidence interval (mg/L) |
||
Germination |
Root elongation |
Germination |
Root elongation |
|
Brassica chinensis pak choi |
8.77 |
2.25 |
>100 |
8.16 |
4.42-13.4 |
1.65-2.84 |
/ |
7.08-9.31 |
|
Lactuca sativa lettuce |
23.2 |
1.33 |
>100 |
9.62 |
17.4-28.9 |
0.806-1.92 |
/ |
7.87-11.5 |
|
Oryza sativa rice |
56.0 |
2.23 |
>100 |
11.7 |
38.5-93.5 |
1.56-2.93 |
/ |
9.97-13.6 |
|
Brassica oleracea cabbage |
1.55 |
0.776 |
24.1 |
6.28 |
0.113-4.02 |
0-2.77 |
13.4-51.2 |
0.535-13.4 |
|
Cucumis sativus cucumber |
71.5 |
0.787 |
>100 |
5.06 |
55.4-97.0 |
0.099-1.89 |
/ |
2.25-8.02 |
|
Zea mays corn |
22.8 |
2.46 |
>100 |
53.5 |
17.4-28.0 |
1.21-3.93 |
/ |
39.8-79.5 |
|
Capsicum frutescens L. green chili pepper |
28.4 |
1.93 |
>100 |
11.1 |
20.5-37.2 |
1.31-2.61 |
/ |
9.37-13.0 |
|
Lycopersicon esculentum tomato |
2.45 |
0.636 |
29.4 |
3.41 |
0.369-5.37 |
0.033-1.70 |
17.5-60.8 |
0.996-5.81 |
|
Glycine max soybean |
6.11 |
1.96 |
>100 |
36.1 |
1.95-10.9 |
0.928-3.23 |
/ |
27.5-49.5 |
|
Raphanus sativus radish |
6.83 |
3.15 |
>100 |
13.9 |
0.904-14.4 |
0.502-6.35 |
/ |
7.23-24.3 |
Table 3: Validity criteria for OECD 208
Criterion |
Outcome |
Criterion fulfilled |
Seedling emergence in the controls is ≥ 70%. |
Germination rates for all seed species in the blank control group were 73.3% - 100% |
yes |
No visible phytotoxic effects (e.g. chlorosis, necrosis, wilting, deformatons) in control seedlings and the plants of every particular species exhibit normal variation in growth and morphology. |
not specified |
- |
In the controls, the mean survival of emerged control seedlings is ≥ 90% for the duration of the study. |
In the controls, the mean survival of emerged control seedlings was 100% for the duration of the study of all species. |
yes |
The environmental conditions for a particular species are identical and the growing media contain the same amount of soil matrix, support media or substrate from the same source. |
The environmental conditions for a particular species were identical and the growing media contain the same amount of soil matrix, support media or substrate from the same source. |
yes |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See Table 3 in "Any other information on results incl. tables".
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