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EC number: 825-663-0 | CAS number: 148520-81-4
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- June 7, 1984-June 22, 1984
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP study done according to national guideline. (Study done before implementation of GLP, but adhered to GLP comparable quality conditions.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: EPA-600/9-78-018
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- not specified
- Details on sampling:
- no information
- Details on test solutions:
- A stock solution of 1,000 mg product/1000 ml DI water was prepared. From this, a second stock solution was prepared with a dilution factor of 20.
- Test organisms (species):
- other: Chlorella kessleri
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 15 d
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, 1000 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 ml DI water, and 10 ml mineral medium
- Initial cells density: 10^4 cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 3.7 x 10^15
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: deionized water, AAP-Medium
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: ~2000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : number of cells was determined on days 5, 7, 12, and 15 - Duration:
- 15 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Duration:
- 15 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Conclusions:
- The NOEC for algae was 3.1 mg/L (active ingredient), and the LOEC was 10 mg/L (active ingredient).
- Executive summary:
Chlorella kessleri algae was exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1, 3, 10, 30, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/L (nominal) of test substance for 15 days. The number of cells were counted to determine the toxicity of the test substance. The NOEC was 3.1 mg/L active ingredient, and the LOEC was 10 mg/L active ingredient. The data are for C11.6 LABS Na and no normalization is required.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Dec. 8, 1992-Dec. 11, 1992
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: 88/302/EWG
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Desmodesmus subspicatus (previous name: Scenedesmus subspicatus)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): Institut fur Wasser-, Boden- und Lufthygiene, Berlin
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: 3 days - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Total exposure duration:
- 72 h
- Test temperature:
- 24 ± 2 °C
- pH:
- 7.7-9.0
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- 0, 0.6, 2.4, 10, 40, and 160 mg/L
- Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Initial cells density: 2 x 10^4 cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 95 x 10^4 cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 8
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 8
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Light intensity and quality: 8000 Lux - Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 47.3 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- biomass
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: ErC50
- Effect conc.:
- 127.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Details on results:
- The pH as measured at the end of the experiment was very high (pH=9.0), however, as growth was not affect, the experiment was considered valid.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 72-hr NOEC for algae was 2.4 mg/L. The 72-hr EbC50 was 47.3 mg/L, and the 72-hr ErC50 was 127.9 mg/L for algae.
- Executive summary:
Scenedesmus subspicatus was exposed to concentrations of 0, 0.6, 2.4, 10, 40, or 160 mg/L of test substance for 72 hrs. The cell concentration was measured at 24, 48, and 72 hrs. The 72-hr NOEC for algae was 2.4 mg/L. The 72-hr EbC50 was 47.3 mg/L, and the 72-hr ErC50 was 127.9 mg/L for algae. The NOEC of 2.4 mg/L does not require normalization since the compound tested was C11.6 LABS Na.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1982-09-17 To 1982-10-01
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- reference to same study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Payne AG, Hall RH, 1979, in Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM, STP 667, pp. 171-180; and US EPA, 1978, The Selenastrum capricornutum Printz algal assay. Deviations, reliability, and validity will be evaluated using the USEPA OPPTS 850.5400 (1996) guideline.
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Not applicable
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- (pre-GLPs)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material (migrated information):
Not applicable - Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: Not available
- Sampling method: Not available
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: Not available - Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A primary stock solution of X0235.01 was prepared by adding a weighed amount of test material to algal growth medium and other stock solutions were prepared by serial dilution. A growth medium control was conducted concurrently and contained no test material. All test concentrations, except 1,000 ppm, were prepared by pipeting 1 milliliter (m2) of the appropriate stock solution to each test flask. The 1,000 ppm test concentration was prepared by adding 50ml of primary stock solution to each test flask.
- Eluate: Not applicable
- Differential loading: Not applicable
- Controls: AAP medium
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): Not available
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None - Test organisms (species):
- Microcystis aeruginosa
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Green algae
- Strain: Not available
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): Not available
- Method of cultivation:
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not available
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: Not available - Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 120 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- 96 hour results reported here
- Post exposure observation period:
- Yes (9 days)
- Hardness:
- Not available
- Test temperature:
- Static bioassays were conducted at 24 ± 1 °C in water bath
- pH:
- Not available
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Not available
- Salinity:
- Not applicable
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal laboratory exposure concentrations based on active ingredient were control, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1,000mg/L
No measurements of test concentrations. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed: Not available
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Test containers were 125-ml flasks with 50 ml of test medium
- Aeration: Not available
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Not available
- Initial cells density: 1x10(5) cells/ml
- Control end cells density: 18.5x10(5) cells/ml
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: Yes, AAP nutrient medium
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: Regular Algal Assay Procedure (AAP) medium prepared with deionized water
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: Not available
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: Not available
- Conductivity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Not available
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: Yes
- Adjustment of pH: Not applicable
- Photoperiod: Not available
- Light intensity and quality: Approximately 2,000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Hemacytometer
- Cell counts were made on day 0,2,3,4,5.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2-5 (except for the highest test concentration of 1000 mg/L)
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study: no - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.91 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95%CL: 0.84- 10mg/L
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): Yes (18.5x growth)
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): Not available
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: Not available
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: None - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Not applicable
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The EC50 values were calculated using the following three statistical methods: moving average angle analysis, Probit analysis, and binominal probability. The results of the moving average angle method were used to report the EC50 values.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- In a 96 hour algae growth inhibition test, the EC50 of LABS Na to Microcystis aeruginosa was 0.91 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
In a 96 hour algae growth inhibition test, the green algae Microcystis aeruginosa was exposed to Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate (C11.9 LABS Na) in accordance with USEPA OPPTS 850.5400. The nominal test concentrations were 0 (control), 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1,000 mg a.i./L.
The 96 hour EC50, based on cell number, was 0.91 mg a.i./L (0.84 -10.0). The NOEC is estimated to be 0.35 mg/L for C11.6 LABS Na (van de Plassche et al., 1999).
This algal growth inhibition test satisfies the guideline requirements of the USEPA OPPTS 850.5400.
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- Aug. 20, 1982-Sept. 13, 1982
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The studies are very well documented in this peer-reviewed publication and deserving of a reliability 2.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: Payne AG, Hall RH, 1979, in Aquatic Toxicology, ASTM, STP 667, pp. 171-180; and US EPA, 1978, The Selenastrum capricornutum Printz algal assay. Deviations, reliability, and validity will be evaluated using the USEPA OPPTS 850.5400 (1996) guideline.
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Standard Practice for Conducting Toxicity Tests with Microalgae, Draft #7, Philadelphia, PA.
Assumed 1 x 10^4 cells/mL because ASTM protocol, but not reported. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: A primary stock solution of X0235.01 was prepared by adding a weighed amount of test material to algal growth medium and other stock solutions were prepared by serial dilution. A growth medium control was conducted concurrently and contained no test material. All test concentrations, except 1,000 ppm, were prepared by pipeting 1.0 milliliter (ml) of the appropriate stock solution to each test flask.
- Eluate: Not applicable
- Differential loading: Not applicable
- Controls: AAP medium
- Chemical name of vehicle (organic solvent, emulsifier or dispersant): Not applicable
- Concentration of vehicle in test medium (stock solution and final test solution(s) including control(s)): Not available
- Evidence of undissolved material (e.g. precipitate, surface film, etc): None - Test organisms (species):
- Raphidocelis subcapitata (previous names: Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata, Selenastrum capricornutum)
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Green algae
- Strain: Not available
- Source (laboratory, culture collection): University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas
- Age of inoculum (at test initiation): Not available
- Method of cultivation: Not available
ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: Not available
- Culturing media and conditions (same as test or not): Same as test
- Any deformed or abnormal cells observed: Not available - Test type:
- other: static open-system
- Water media type:
- not specified
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 96 h
- Hardness:
- Total mean water hardness was 137 mg/L as CaCO3.
- Test temperature:
- Mean test temperature was 23.6 (21.2-25.6 °C).
- pH:
- The pH range was 6.8 to 7.2.
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Mean dissolved oxygen was 9.1 mg/L.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal: 0, 16, 32, 63, 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mg/L first test
0.1, 1.0, 5.0, and 10 mg/L second test - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel:
- Type (delete if not applicable): open / closed: Not available
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: Test containers were 125-ml flasks with 50 ml solution
- Aeration: Not available
- Type of flow-through (e.g. peristaltic or proportional diluter): Not applicable
- Renewal rate of test solution (frequency/flow rate): Not available
- Initial cells density: Both test 1 and test 2: 2x10(4) cells/ml
- Control end cells density: Test 1: 318x10(4); Test 2: 245x10(4)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 3
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 3
GROWTH MEDIUM
- Standard medium used: Yes, AAP nutrient medium
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: AAP media prepared with deionized water
- Total organic carbon: Not available
- Particulate matter: Not available
- Metals: Not available
- Pesticides: Not available
- Chlorine: Not available
- Alkalinity: Not available
- Ca/mg ratio: Not available
- Conductivity: Not available
- Culture medium different from test medium: No
- Intervals of water quality measurement: Not available
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Sterile test conditions: yes/no Not available
- Adjustment of pH: Not applicable
- Photoperiod: Not available
- Light intensity and quality: Approximately 2,000 lux
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) :
- Determination of cell concentrations: Hemacytometer
- Cell counts were made on day 0,2,3,4,5.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Spacing factor for test concentrations: 2 (test 1). 2-10 (test 2).
- Justification for using less concentrations than requested by guideline: Not applicable
- Range finding study: no - Reference substance (positive control):
- not specified
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 29 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: cell density
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: cell density
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: cell density
- Details on results:
- - Exponential growth in the control (for algal test): Yes. Test 1 (159x growth). Test 2 (122x growth)
- Observation of abnormalities (for algal test): In all test concentrations >=1.0 mg/L, the algal cells were abnormally large and malformed. Because of this observation, algae previously exposed to 1000 mg/L were tested for their ability to recover. Their growth was similar to the growth of the control during a 9-day recovery period in test material-free medium, and the algal cells had returned to normal appearance.
- Any stimulation of growth found in any treatment: Not available
- Any observations (e.g. precipitation) that might cause a difference between measured and nominal values: None
- Effect concentrations exceeding solubility of substance in test medium: None - Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The 96-hr EC50 for aquatic algae was 29.0 mg/L based on cell density.
- Executive summary:
This study was done to determine the toxicity of the test substance to aquatic algae. Selenastrum capricornutum was exposed to the test substance for 96 hrs. During this time, the cell density of the algae was measured. The 96 -hr NOEC was 0.5 mg/L. The 96 -hr LOEC was 1 mg/L. The 96 -hr EC50 was 29.0 mg/L based on cell density. Normalized to C11.6 LABS Na, the value is 0.58 mg/L for the NOEC (method: van de Plassche et al., 1999).
- Endpoint:
- toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Justification for type of information:
- Data from the related substance Benzenesulfonic acid (LABS Na) is used to cover this endpoint. The read across justification document is under development and will be attached to section 13 as part of a spontaneous dossier update.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Duration:
- 15 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 3.1 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Remarks on result:
- other: Muehlberg et al. (1984) on Chlorella kessleri
- Duration:
- 15 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Remarks on result:
- other: Muehlberg et al. (1984) for Chlorella kessleri
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 0.91 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- cell number
- Remarks on result:
- other: Ward et al. (1992) for Microcystis aeruginosa
- Remarks:
- 95% CI: 0.84-10 mg/L
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- 29 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: cell density
- Remarks on result:
- other: Lewis et al. (1999) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Key result
- Duration:
- 96 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 0.5 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- act. ingr.
- Basis for effect:
- other: cell density
- Remarks on result:
- other: Lewis et al. (1999) for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- other: EbC50
- Effect conc.:
- 127.9 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: Scholz et al. (1992) for Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Duration:
- 72 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 2.4 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- growth rate
- Remarks on result:
- other: Scholz et al. (1992) for Desmodesmus subspicatus
- Conclusions:
- No study was available on the toxicity of the target substance to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria. Therefore, read across is performed using four studies from the related substance benzenesulfonic acid (LABS Na).
The study of Muehlberg et al. (1984) obtained a 15 day NOEC of 3.1 mg/L and 15 day LOEC of 10 mg/L for the algae Chlorella kessleri. Ward et al. (1982) obtained a 96 hour EC50 of 0.91 mg/L for the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Lewis al. (1986) obtained a 96 hour EC50 of 29 mg/L and a 96 hour NOEC of 0.5 mg/L for the algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Scholz al. (1992) obtained a 72 hour EbC50 of 127.9 mg/L and 72 hour NOEC of 2.4 mg/L for the algae Desmodesmus subspicatus. A worst case approach was applied for chemical safety assessment and the most conservative (no-)effect concentrations were used (96 hour EC50 of 0.91 mg/Lfor Microcystis aeruginosa and 96 hour NOEC of 0.5 mg/L for Daphnia magna).
Referenceopen allclose all
Number of cells/ml (average of 3 replicates)
Concentration (mg/L) |
5 days |
7 days |
12 days |
15 days |
0 |
7.2 x 105 |
1.5 x 106 |
3.9 x 106 |
3.7 x 106 |
0.01 |
5.9 x 105 |
1.4 x 106 |
2.4 x 106 |
3.2 x 106 |
0.03 |
3.0 x 105 |
1.4 x 106 |
3.4 x 106 |
3.6 x 106 |
0.1 |
2.6 x 105 |
1.3 x 106 |
2.4 x 106 |
3.0 x 106 |
0.3 |
2.5 x 105 |
1.3 x 106 |
3.2 x 106 |
3.5 x 106 |
1 |
2.6 x 105 |
1.3 x 106 |
2.5 x 106 |
2.8 x 106 |
3 |
1.6 x 105 |
1.0 x 106 |
2.3 x 106 |
3.2 x 106 |
10 |
3.9 x 105 |
6.3 x 105 |
1.5 x 106 |
1.7 x 106 |
30 |
1.9 x 105 |
3.9 x 105 |
1.1 x 106 |
1.4 x 106 |
100 |
2.9 x 104 |
4.5 x 104 |
4.2 x 104 |
6.1 x 104 |
300 |
1.3 x 104 |
2.7 x 104 |
1.9 x 104 |
1.1 x 104 |
1000 |
1.6 x 104 |
2.6 x 104 |
2.5 x 104 |
2.0 x 104 |
Cell count ( x 104cells/ml)
Concentration (mg/L) |
0 hrs |
24 hrs |
48 hrs |
72 hrs |
Control |
2 |
8 |
29 |
95 |
0.6 |
2 |
8 |
30 |
89 |
2.4 |
2 |
9 |
28 |
85 |
10 |
2 |
9 |
27 |
75 |
40 |
2 |
8 |
20 |
48 |
160 |
2 |
7 |
9 |
8 |
Comparison was also made to in situ studies conducted in which lake water was bottled and suspended in Lake Acton (Ohio) for 3 hour periods. The mean 3-h EC50(photosynthesis) for the in situ studies was 3.4 mg/L (0.5-8.0 mg/L).Using the acute to chronic ratio calculation (documented in Annex 3 of the LABS Na SIAR), the EC50/3 for Microcystis is 0.3 mg/L. The NOEC normalized by van de Plassche et al. (1999) to C11.6 LABS Na was 0.35 mg/L.
Results of the laboratory studies were compared with enclosure studies conducted with natural phytoplankton assemblages. Concentrations in the enclosures that first altered community structure were found to be between 27 and 108 mg/L.
Description of key information
No study was available on the toxicity of the test substance to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria. Therefore, read across is performed using four studies from the related substance benzenesulfonic acid sodium salt (LABS Na). The study of Muehlberg et al. (1984) obtained a 15 day NOEC of 3.1 mg/L and 15 day LOEC of 10 mg/L for the algae Chlorella kessleri. Ward et al. (1982) obtained a 96 hour EC50 of 0.91 mg/L for the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa. Lewis al. (1986) obtained a 96 hour EC50 of 29 mg/L and a 96 hour NOEC of 0.5 mg/L for the algae Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata. Scholz al. (1992) obtained a 72 hour ErC50 of 127.9 mg/L and 72 hour NOEC of 2.4 mg/L for the algae Desmodesmus subspicatus. A worst case approach was applied for chemical safety assessment and the most conservative (no-)effect concentrations were used (96 hour EC50 of 0.91 mg/Lfor Microcystis aeruginosa and 96 hour NOEC of 0.5 mg/L for Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- EC50 for freshwater algae:
- 0.91 mg/L
- EC10 or NOEC for freshwater algae:
- 0.5 mg/L
Additional information
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