Phosphoric acid, chromium(3+) salt (1:2.5)

Short-term toxicity to fish

Administrative data

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to fish

Type of information:

other: read-across from constituent CrIII

Adequacy of study:

key study

Reliability:

2 (reliable with restrictions)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

study well documented, meets generally accepted scientific principles, acceptable for assessment

Data source

Reference

Reference Type:

publication

Title:

Tolerance of Fundulus heteroclitus to different metals in saltwater

Author:

Dorfman D

Year:

1977

Bibliographic source:

ull New Jersey Acad Sci 22:21-23.

Materials and methods

Test guideline

Qualifier:

equivalent or similar to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 203 (Fish, Acute Toxicity Test)

Deviations:

yes

Remarks:

Test was performed with saltwater species

GLP compliance:

no

Test material

Test material information

1

Reference substance name:

Cr III

Molecular formula:

Cr III

IUPAC Name:

Cr III

Details on test material:

CrCl3.6H2O or CrCl3

Sampling and analysis

Analytical monitoring:

no

Details on sampling:

No details given

Test solutions

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

Serial dilutions of the metals ion concentrations: 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L.

Test organisms

Test organisms (species):

Fundulus heteroclitus

Details on test organisms:

Fish were collected with seines from waters with salinities in excess of 17 ppt.
The collection areas, all in New Jersey, included Shark River, Shrewsbury River and Horseshoe Cove at Sandy Hook. They were acclimated in the laboratory for at least three days prior to testing in plastic tubs in either waters of low salinities (3 to 8 ppt) or high salinities (17 to 23 ppt).
Waters for fish maintenance and subsequent assays were obtained from either Horseshoe Cove or from the ocean of Asbury Park, New Jersey. These waters were diluted to the salinity ranges (low or high) with aged tap water.

Study design

Test type:

static

Water media type:

saltwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

96 h

Remarks on exposure duration:

Evaluation of mortality at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h.

Post exposure observation period:

not reported

Test conditions

Hardness:

not reported

Test temperature:

ca. 20°C

pH:

not reported

Dissolved oxygen:

not reported

Salinity:

low salinity: for chromium chloride 6.1 ppt
high salinity: for chromium chloride 24.0ppt

Nominal and measured concentrations:

nominal concentration given as metal ion Cr(III): 0, 1, 10, 100 and 1000 mg/L

Details on test conditions:

For the assays glass 3.7 liter vessels were filled with salt waters obtained directly from either the low or high salinity fish acclimation tanks. Serial dilutions of the metals used in the assays were made in the following concentrations (of the metal ion), 1000, 100, 10, 1 and 0 mg/L. Additional dilutions of 0.1, 0.01 and 0.001 mg/L were added for mercury. Nine fish, selected at random, were exposed in each concentration, with three fish per vessel. Tests were performed in both low and high salinities. These were completed during May and June, 1976. Tests in which more than one control fish expired were repeated. Fish were maintained and tested at 20 °C. Natural-lighting allowed a normal day-night regime. Fish weights (average wet weight was 2.7 g, range 1.1 - 6.0) were recorded at the completion of each test. Tolerance level 50s (TL50 - the level at which 50 percent of the test organisms survive) for each metal for 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours at low and high salinities were obtained by straight-line graphical interpolation.

Reference substance (positive control):

not specified

Results and discussion

Effect concentrations

Key result

Duration:

96 h

Dose descriptor:

LC50

Effect conc.:

31.5 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

other: Cr III ion

Basis for effect:

mortality (fish)

Remarks on result:

other: identical LC50 was obtained with high salinity (24 ppt) and low salinity (6.1 ppt) respectively

Details on results:

The LC50 was 31.5 mg/L after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, independent of salinity (low: 6.1 and high: 24.0 ppt). Tthe dominant effect for toxicity was concluded to be the reduction of pH.

Applicant's summary and conclusion

Conclusions:

For chromium chloride a LC50 (96h) of 31.5 mg Cr/L (equivalent to 96 mg CrCl3/L or 161 mg CrCl3.6H2O/L) was obtained for Fundulus heteroclitus.