Tar, wood

Endpoint summary

Description of key information

Sensitizing.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records

Reference

Endpoint:

skin sensitisation, other

Remarks:

in vivo

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

04.12.2013 - 10.12.2013

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Deviations:

no

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)

Deviations:

no

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Type of study:

mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)

Species:

mouse

Strain:

CBA

Sex:

female

Route:

epicutaneous, open

Vehicle:

other: N,N-Dimethylformamide

Concentration / amount:

Tar wood was examined in the LLNA as 25 %, 10 %, 5 % or 2.5 % (w/v) formulations in DMF according to the relevant guidelines.

Concentration / amount:

Tar wood was examined in the LLNA as 25 %, 10 %, 5 % or 2.5 % (w/v) formulations in DMF according to the relevant guidelines.

Vehicle:

other: N,N-Dimethylformamide

Concentration:

Tar wood was examined in the LLNA as 25 %, 10 %, 5 % or 2.5 % (w/v) formulations in DMF according to the relevant guidelines.

Parameter:

other: Migrated information from in vivo LLNA study

Remarks on result:

other: Group: other: Vehicle control for the PC: AOO. Dose level: 0. No with. + reactions: 0.0. Total no. in groups: 4.0.

Parameter:

SI

Remarks on result:

other: see Remark

Remarks:

Each mouse was topically treated with 25 µL of the appropriate formulations of the test item, the positive control substance (positive control group) or the vehicles (DMF or AOO as negative control groups) using a pipette, on the dorsal surface of each ear.

DPM, DPN and Stimulation Index Values for all Groups in the Main Test:

Test Group	Measured DPM/group	Group* DPM	DPN (DPM/Node)	Stimulation
Name				Index Values
Vehicle control	7638	7612.0	951.5	1.0
for the positive control: AOO
Positive control:	118205	118179.0	14772.4	15.5
25 % HCA in AOO
Tar wood	65558	65532.0	8191.5	11.4
25 % in DMF
Tar wood	61656	61630.0	7703.8	10.8
10 % in DMF
Tar wood	26602	26576.0	3322.0	4.6
5 % in DMF
Tar wood	15367	15341.0	1917.6	2.7
2.5 % in DMF
Vehicle control	5759	5733.0	716.6	1.0
for the test item: DMF

Interpretation of results:

other: a moderate skin sensitizer

Remarks:

Criteria used for interpretation of results: OECD GHS

Conclusions:

In conclusion, under the conditions of the present Local Lymph Node Assay, Tar wood tested at the maximum applicable (non-toxic, non-irritant) concentration of 25 % and at concentrations of 10 %, 5 % and 2.5 % (w/v) as formulations in an appropriate vehicle (DMF) was shown to have skin sensitization potential. Based on the EC3 value calculated using the dose-response curve Tar wood was classified as a moderate skin sensitizer in this LLNA according to the published data.

Executive summary:

The aim of this study was to evaluate the skin sensitization potential of Tar wood following dermal exposure in the Local Lymph Node Assay.

Selection of test item concentrations based on the results of a formulation evaluation and also result of a preliminary irritation/toxicity test according to the relevant guidelines [1-2]. The test item was a liquid hence applicability of the undiluted test item (100 %) was evaluated. Due to its high viscosity, the undiluted test item could not be applied on the ears of animals. The test item was formulated in the selected vehicle ofN,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF). In the preliminary test significant adverse effects (irritation and/or toxicity) were observed at higher test concentrations (75 % or 50 %, w/v) so Tar wood was examined in the LLNA as 25 %, 10 %, 5 % or 2.5 % (w/v) formulations in DMF according to the relevant guidelines.

In the main test 28 female CBA/Ca mice were allocated to 7 groups of four animals each:

-four groups received Tar wood at four different concentrations of 25 %, 10 %, 5 % and 2.5 % (w/v),

-the positive control group receivedα-Hexylcinnamaldehyde (HCA) at concentration of 25 % (w/v),

-one control group (used as negative control for the groups treated with the test item) received the vehicle of the test item (DMF) only,

-one control group (used as negative control for the group treated with the positive control substance) received the vehicle of the positive control (AOO) only.

Each substance was applied on the external surface of each ear (25µL/ear) of the animals for three consecutive days (Day 1, 2 and 3). There was no treatment on Days 4, 5 and 6. On Day 6 animals were intravenously injected via the tail vein with tritiated methyl thymidine (³HTdR), than sacrificed approximately 5 hours after the injection. Auricular lymph nodes were removed and processed. The cell proliferation in the local lymph nodes was measured by incorporation of³HTdR and the obtained values were used to calculate stimulation indices (SI).

The positive control item (25 % HCA in AOO) induced the appropriate (SI≥3) stimulation over the control (SI value was 15.5), thus confirming the validity of the assay.

No mortality was observed during the study. No significant, treatment related effect on body weights or any other signs of systemic toxicity were observed in any treatment group during the test. No signs of significant irritation or any other significant local effect were observed at the treatment site (ears) in any treatment group. Although slight loss of hair (at the base of ears) was observed in the 25 % dose group the effect was considered not significant.

Visually larger lymph nodes than the relevant controls were observed in the positive control group and in the 25 % and 10 % (w/v) dose groups. Visual appearance of the lymph nodes was normal in the negative control groups (both DMF and AOO) and in the 5 % and 2.5 % (w/v) dose groups.

Significantly increased lymphoproliferation (indicated by an SI≥3) compared to the relevant control (DMF) was noted for Tar wood at concentrations of 25 %, 10 % and 5 % (w/v) No significantly increased lymphoproliferation was observed at test item concentration of 2.5 % (w/v). The stimulation index values were 11.4, 10.8, 4.6 and 2.7 at concentrations of 25 %, 10 %, 5 % and 2.5 % (w/v), respectively. Dose-related response was observed, although its linearity was not statistically significant (p = 0.17, r = 0.83, evaluated by linear regression using SI values).

Since the test was valid and no sign of systemic toxicity or significant irritation was observed during the main test, the proliferation values obtained are considered to reflect the real potential of the test item to cause/not cause lymphoproliferation in the Local Lymph Node Assay.

According to evaluation criteria of the relevant guidelines the increased lymphoproliferation observed at three test concentrations (25 %, 10 % and 5 %, w/v) and the dose related response are considered evidence that Tar wood has skin sensitization potential.

EC₃calculation was conducted by linear interpolation using data points lying immediately above and below the SI value of 3 on the LLNA dose-response curve (based on published method [5]). The calculated EC₃value of Tar wood based on the dose-response was 2.9 % in this LLNA. Using the EC₃value Tar wood can be ranked among moderate skin sensitizers (1 ≤ EC₃< 10) in this LLNA according to the published data for classification of contact allergens.

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

adverse effect observed (sensitising)

Additional information:

Interpretation of Observations:

The maximum dose selection was performed according to the relevant guidelines [1-2] and based on results of a formulation evaluation and also results of the preliminary irritation/toxicity test. The test item was a liquid. Due to its high viscosity the undiluted test item (100 % concentration) was not applicable on the ears of animals. The test item was miscible withN,N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) hence formulations in this vehicle was evaluated in the preliminary irritation toxicity test. Significant adverse effects (irritation and/or toxicity) were observed at higher test concentrations (75 % or 50 %, w/v) so Tar wood was examined in the LLNA as 25 %, 10 %, 5 % or 2.5 % (w/v) formulations in DMF according to the relevant guidelines.

Since the test was valid and no sign of systemic toxicity or significant irritation was observed during the main test, the proliferation values obtained are considered to reflect the real potential of the test item to cause/not cause lymphoproliferation in the Local Lymph Node Assay.

 

Significantly increased lymphoproliferation (indicated by an SI≥3) compared to the relevant control (DMF) was noted for Tar wood at concentrations of 25 %, 10 % and 5 % (w/v) in DMF with SI values of 11.4, 10.8 and 4.6, respectively. Dose-related response was observed, although its linearity was not statistically significant

According to evaluation criteria of the relevant guidelines the increased lymphoproliferation observed at three test concentrations (25 %, 10 % and 5 %, w/v) and the dose related response are considered evidence that Tar wood has skin sensitization potential.

EC₃calculation was conducted by linear interpolation using data points lying immediately above and below the SI value of 3 on the LLNA dose-response curve (based on published method [5]). The calculated EC₃value of Tar wood based on the dose-response was 2.9 % in this LLNA.

Using the EC₃value Tar wood can be ranked among moderate skin sensitizers (1 ≤ EC₃< 10) in this LLNA according to the published data for classification of contact allergens.

Migrated from Short description of key information:
Based on the EC3 value calculated using the dose-response curve Tar wood was classified as a moderate skin sensitizer in this LLNA according to the published data.

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion

Endpoint conclusion:

no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

Under the conditions of the present  Local Lymph Node Assay, Tar wood tested at the maximum applicable (non-toxic, non-irritant) concentration of 25 % and at concentrations of 10 %, 5 % and 2.5 % (w/v) as formulations in an appropriate vehicle (DMF) was shown to have skin sensitization potential.

Based    on   the   EC₃     value    calculated    using    the   dose-response    curve Tarwood was classified as a moderate skin sensitizer in this LLNA according to the puplished data.