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Diisotridecyl adipate (DITA)

DITA is a diester of a dicarboxylic acid consisting of adipic acid (C6 carbon frame) and isotridecyl alcohols with a branched carbon chain (n = 13). Accordingly, DITA is expected to show the typical characteristics of an ester. In vivo, esters are hydrolysed by ubiquitous hydrolases to alcohol and carboxylic acid. In case of diesters, this operation will proceed in two steps resulting first in a monoester. Isotridecyl alcohol and adipic acid, formed by hydrolysis of DITA, will then follow metabolic pathways typical for alcohols and carboxylic acids.

 

In principle given the background information on aliphatic saturated long chain esters, alcohols and acids, the following properties and metabolic pathways are expected for DITA.

Absorption: diisotridecyl adipate and eventually isotridecyl alcohol and adipic acid are rapidly absorbed from the gastro-intestinal tract, whereas dermal absorption is expected to be slow.

Biotransformation: diisotridecyl adipate is expected to hydrolyse rapidly in vivo to isotridecyl alcohol and adipic acid. The alcohol will be oxidised by alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase to the corresponding aldehyde and carboxylic acid. Isotridecyl alcohol is not expected to be a good substrate for ADH and AlDH, due to its branched bulky structure. ß-Oxidation of the carboxylic acid may be hindered by methy/alkyl substituents at uneven positions, forcing oxidation at other positions. and preventing further degradation in the citrate cycle. Therefore, significant chain hydroxylation and conjugation reactions of the alcohol and of other metabolic oxidation products are expected to account for the majority of the biotransformation.

Excretion of polar metabolites and conjugates may occur via urine and bile and is estimated to be substantial. Expiration of CO2 is not expected to be important Entero-hepatic circulation of metabolites excreted via bile is likely to occur (Eisenbrand 2002).