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EC number: 246-376-1 | CAS number: 24634-61-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 20.01.1999 - 30.06.2000
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP guideline study
- Justification for type of information:
- Since sorbic acid is the corresponding acid to potassium sorbate, the substance in question, extrapolation of the obtained results is not considered to be restricted.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 211 (Daphnia magna Reproduction Test)
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Date received: December 14, 1998
Lot No.: ACH5495
Appearance: White crystals
Purity: 99.5% - Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- - Concentrations: the test concentrations were determined at each of the test concentrations. Samples were taken at the beginning of the exposure and before water replacements after day 2, 6, 8, and 14. In additon, samples were collected on day 16 before water replacement.
- Sample storage conditions before analysis: No, samples were analysed directly - Vehicle:
- no
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- TEST ORGANISM
- Age at study initiation (mean and range, SD): up to 24 hours
- Method of breeding: under laboratory conditions
- Feeding during test: no
TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Water flea. Japanese name as mentioned in the report: Ohmijinko
- Source: initially obtained form the National Environmental Research Center, and successively bred at the lab
- Age of parental stock (mean and range, SD): 2-4 weeks
- Feeding during test
- Food type: algae (Chlorella vulgaris)
- Amount: 0.15 mg C per animal
- Frequency: once per day
METHOD FOR PREPARATION AND COLLECTION OF EARLY INSTARS OR OTHER LIFE STAGES: Parent daphnids were transferred into the freshly prepared test medium by means of a glass pipette. Juveniles remaining in the old test medium were counted. - Test type:
- semi-static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- no
- Total exposure duration:
- 21 d
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- water replacement one every 48 hours
- Hardness:
- 87 mg/L (as CaCO3)
- Test temperature:
- 20 +/- 1°C
- pH:
- 7.6 - 8.2
- Dissolved oxygen:
- The dissolved oxygen was 8.1 - 9.4 mg/L which is more than 60% of the saturated dissolved oxygen concentration.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations: 0.46, 1.0, 2.2, 4.6, 10, 22 and 46 mg/L
Time weighted mean measured test concentrations (day 0 - 21): 0.343, 0.909, 2.12, 4.76, 10.2, 23.7 and 50.2 mg/L
Since the measured concentrations of the test substance concentrations deviated by more than 20% of the nominal concentration, the results were calculated based on measured values. - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: screw mouth flask
- Type (delete if not applicable): open
- Material, size, headspace, fill volume: 100 mL glass flask, 80 mL fill volume
- No. of organisms per vessel: 1
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 10
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 10
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water of Tsukaba city
- Alkalinity: 46 mg/L
- Ca/mg ratio: 20:8.7 mg/L
- Conductivity: 350 µS/cm
- Culture medium different from test medium: no
- Intervals of water quality measurement: periodically. No more details are reported
OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: 16 h light/8 h dark
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED (with observation intervals if applicable) : immobility/death of parent animals, mean cumulative number of births per animal after 21 days
RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: The results of an acute toxicity test were used as a basis for setting the concetrations of the definite test - Reference substance (positive control):
- no
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- mortality
- Remarks:
- of parent animals
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- reproduction
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: overall value
- Key result
- Duration:
- 21 d
- Dose descriptor:
- LOEC
- Effect conc.:
- > 50 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- meas. (TWA)
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- other: overall value
- Details on results:
- - Mortality of parent animals: none
- No. of offspring produced per day per female: 114.3 (mean value of the control)
- Body length and weight of parent animals: The sizes of the parent water fleas in all test concentrations did not differ from the control
- Time to first brood release or time to hatch: The average initial birth date in all test concentrations was between 8.0-8.5 days. The average initial birth date in the control was after 8.3 days. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- The NOEC and the LOEC were calculated by means of the Dunnett test. As no effects were observed up to the highest test concentration, both LC50 and EC 50 were determined to be higher than the highest test concentration of 50 mg/L.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- The EC50, LC50 and the LOEC were above the highest test concentration of 50 mg/L. The NOEC was determined to be 50 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The effects of sorbic acid on the reproduction of Daphnia magna was tested in a semi-static test. Animals were exposed to seven different test concentrations over a period of 21 days. No effects were observed at the highest test concentration of 50 mg/L, which was statistically determined as the NOEC. Consequently, all other endpoints were determined to be above the highest test concentration.
Reference
Description of key information
One long-term daphnia study is available which was conducted with sorbic acid. Based on effects on reproduction, the long-term NOEC of sorbic acid to Daphnia magna was determined to be above the highest test concentration of 50 mg/L, based on measured values. All other advere effects were above this test concentration as well.
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Fresh water invertebrates
Fresh water invertebrates
- Effect concentration:
- 50 mg/L
Additional information
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