3-methyl-1-vinyl-1H-imidazolium chloride

Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Link to relevant study record(s)

Reference

Endpoint:

short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates

Type of information:

experimental study

Adequacy of study:

key study

Study period:

25 Feb 2015 to 27 Feb 2015

Reliability:

1 (reliable without restriction)

Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:

guideline study

Qualifier:

according to guideline

Guideline:

OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)

Version / remarks:

2004

GLP compliance:

yes (incl. QA statement)

Specific details on test material used for the study:

- Name of test material (as cited in study report): 3-Methyl-1-vinyl-1H-imidazolium chloride
- Appearance: brownish yellow liquid with characteristic smelling
- Batch No.: Mischprobe B 407 / 408 vom 23.08.14 14001329T0 – 14001629T0
- Date of manufacture: August 2014
- Expiry date: August 2015
- Purity: 97.7%
- Composition: 58.3% main component (the test substance is an aqueous solution)
- Water solubility: miscible
- Storage condition of test material: at ambient temperature without exposure to light in a tightly sealed container

Analytical monitoring:

yes

Details on sampling:

Samples at exposure initiation and at exposure termination collected from each test item concentration and the control were analyzed.

Vehicle:

no

Details on test solutions:

PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: The 367.23 mg of the test item was weighed into a glass crystallizer and quantitatively transferred into a flask by multiple washing with the Elendt M7 medium and filled up to 1000 mL. The test item concentration of 367 mg/L was visually homogeneous and transparent. Lower test item concentrations were prepared by sequential dilutions with the Elendt M7 medium.
- Controls: Elendt M7 medium

The test material as such exists as aqueous solution. The test material concentrations correspond to certain nominal concentrations based on active ingredient. From here on, test concentrations will be expressed solely as active ingredient (a.i.).

Test organisms (species):

Daphnia magna

Details on test organisms:

TEST ORGANISM
- Common name: Daphnia magna
- Source: The standard laboratory culture cultivated at the Institute of Industrial Organic Chemistry, Branch Pszczyna, Department of Ecotoxicology
- Culture: In glass beakers with a capacity of 150 mL (one parent per vessel) containing 100 mL of Elendt M7 medium at room temperature ranging from 18 to 22 °C with daily cycle 16 h light : 8 h dark (KANLUX electronic time programmer, Poland).
- Culture medium: The Elendt M7 medium was prepared on the basis of deionised water by adding stock solutions of reagent-grade chemicals. The stock solutions for culturing Daphnia magna were renewed on a regular basis.
- Food during culture: mixture of two species Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata: Desmodesmus subspicatus (in 2:1 ratio) originating from separate cultures in the Laboratory of Aquatic Toxicology. Group B vitamins and micronutrients necessary for proper growth were supplied with the lyophilizedsuspension of Spirulina sp..
- Feeding during test: no
- Health: Only organisms up to 24 hours old (not first brood progeny) and in good physiological condition were used in the tests.

ACCLIMATION
- Acclimation period: None; Elendt M7 medium was used to culture the test organism and as a diluent/solvent of the test item, and environmental conditions were the same as in the culture.

Test type:

static

Water media type:

freshwater

Limit test:

no

Total exposure duration:

48 h

Test temperature:

20.0 - 20.9 ºC

pH:

- Start: 7.53 - 7.60
- End: 7.48 - 7.66

Dissolved oxygen:

- Start: 8.8 - 8.9 mg/L
- End: 8.6 - 8.8 mg/L

Nominal and measured concentrations:

- Nominal concentrations: 0 (control), 1.48, 3.25, 7.14, 15.7, 34.5, 75.9, 167 and 367 mg/L test substance (based on range-finding test)
- Nominal concentrations based on active ingredient: 0 (control), 0.86, 1.89, 4.16, 9.15, 20.1, 44.2, 97.3 and 214 mg a.i./L
- Measured concentrations (t = 0h): - Measured concentrations (t = 48h):

Details on test conditions:

TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers of 150 mL capacity, covered with transparent lids
- Fill volume: 100 mL
- No. of organisms per vessel: 5
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates): 4
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 4

TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Test medium: same as culture medium, see 'Details on test organisms'
- Intervals of water quality measurement: The pH values and the dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured in each treatment at exposure initiation before splitting up into replicates. At exposure termination, the pH values and the dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured in pooled replicates of each treatment.

OTHER TEST CONDITIONS
- Photoperiod: daily cycle 16 h light : 8 h dark
- Light: fluorescent lighting was used
- Feeding: the Daphnia magna were not fed during the study
- Aeration: no

EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED:
- Immobilization: Daphnia magna were observed for immobilization after 24 and 48 h of exposure. The Daphnia magna were considered immobile if they showed no ability to swim within 15 seconds after agitation of the test vessel.

RANGE-FINDING STUDY
- Test concentrations: Two range-finding studies; first study: 0, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, 10 and 100 mg/L based on test material, second study: 0, 1.67, 16.7 and 167 mg/L based on test material
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: First study after 48h exposure: no immobilization up to 1.0 mg/L, 20 and 40% immobilization at 10 and 100mg/L, respectively. Second study after 48h exposure: 5, 40, and 85% immobilization at 1.67, 16.7 and 167 mg/L, respectively.

Reference substance (positive control):

yes

Remarks:

potassium dichromate

Key result

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

16.76 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

act. ingr.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% C.I.: 11.66 - 24.27 mg a.i./L

Duration:

48 h

Dose descriptor:

EC50

Effect conc.:

28.77 mg/L

Nominal / measured:

nominal

Conc. based on:

test mat.

Basis for effect:

mobility

Remarks on result:

other: 95% C.I.: 20.01 - 41.66 mg/L

Details on results:

IMMOBILIZATION
No immobilization was observed in the control and 0.86 mg a.i./L groups. At test concentrations of 1.89, 4.16, 9.15, 20.1, 44.2, 97.3 and 214 mg a.i./L, 48-h after exposure, immobilization was 5, 15, 50, 55, 65, 85 and 100%. See 'Any other information on results incl. tables'.

Results with reference substance (positive control):

The 24-h EC50 and 48-h EC50 values were determined to be 0.79 mg/L and 0.49 mg/L, respectively (latest test: January 27-29, 2015). This is within the prescribed concentration range.

Reported statistics and error estimates:

The endpoint values were determined based on nominal test item concentrations and nominal concentrations of the main ingredient (as the test item is a 58.3% aqueous solution). The endpoint values were calculated with the probit method. The lowest observed effect concentration (LOEC) and the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) were estimated on the basis of statistical analyses. To make calculations and to conduct statistical analyses, the ToxRat Professional commercial software was used.

 Table: Immobilization after 24 and 48 hours of exposure

Nominal test item concentration (mg/L) Nominal active ingredient concentration (mg/L) Number of Daphnia magna   Number of immobilized Daphnia magna   Total of immobilized Daphnia magna [%]   24 h 48 h Replicates A B C D A B C D 24 h 48 h Control Control 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.48 0.86 20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3.25 1.89 20 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 5 5 7.14 4.16 20 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 5 15 15.7 9.15 20 1 0 1 0 3 3 2 2 10 50 34.5 20.1 20 2 0 0 0 3 3 3 2 10 55 75.9 44.2 20 0 0 0 0 2 3 4 4 0 65 167 97.3 20 2 0 1 1 4 4 5 4 20 85 367 214 20 3 2 4 4 5 5 5 5 65 100

 

Table: Obtained effect concentrations after 48h of exposure

Toxicity Response Variable	Based on nominal test substance concentration with 95% confidence interval [mg/L]	Based on nominal active ingredient concentration with 95% confidence interval [mg/L]
EC50	28.77 (20.01 – 41.66)	16.76 (11.66 – 24.27)
EC10	4.58 (2.22 – 7.43)	2.67 (1.29 – 4.33)
LOEC	15.7	9.15
NOEC	7.14	4.16

 

Validity criteria fulfilled:

yes

Remarks:

see 'Any other information on materials and methods incl. tables'.

Description of key information

The 48-h EC50 value is 16.76 mg /L (based on active ingredient) in aquatic invertebrates (D. magna).

Additional information

The acute toxicity to aquatic invertebrates was determined in a study according to OECD TG 202 and in compliance with GLP criteria (BASF, 2015). In this study daphnids (D. magna, 20 per concentration) were exposed to nominal concentrations of 0 (control), 0.86, 1.89, 4.16, 9.15, 20.1, 44.2, 97.3 and 214 mg active ingedient./L (corresponding to nominal test substance concentrations of 0 (control), 1.48, 3.25, 7.14, 15.7, 34.5, 75.9, 167 and 367 mg/L) for 48 hours under static conditions. Analytical confirmation of nominal test concentrations showed that all test concentrations remained well within ±20% of nominal concentrations throughout the test. Therefore, effect concentrations are expressed as nominal. Immobilization was recorded after 24 and 48 hours exposure. No immobilization was observed in the control and 0.86 mg a.i./L groups. At test concentrations of 1.89, 4.16, 9.15, 20.1, 44.2, 97.3 and 214 mg a.i./L, 48-h after exposure, immobilization was 5, 15, 50, 55, 65, 85 and 100%. Based on these findings the 48-h EC50 value was determined at 16.76 mg a.i./L (corresponding to 28.77 mg/L based on test substance).