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Ecotoxicological information

Toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods

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Endpoint:
toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
Type of information:
migrated information: read-across based on grouping of substances (category approach)
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Test method described in detail, no GLP and no detailed information on test substance.
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
range finding test
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Test organisms (species):
other: Eisenia andrei
Animal group:
annelids
Details on test organisms:
Age: 9-12 weeks old with a well-developed clitellum
Starting weight: 259 - 529 mg
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
artificial soil
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
18 d
Test temperature:
20 ± 2 °C
pH:
nominal pH (KCl): 3.5, 5.0 and 7.0
measured pH (KCl): 3.24±0.10, 4.86±0.54 and 7.22±0.17
Moisture:
55% (w/w)
Details on test conditions:
Test soils: artificial soil according to OECD (1984)
Number of replicates / conc: 1
Test container: 1 L glass test containers with 400 g dry soil
Organisms per container: 10
Light: continuous illumination (400 lux)

TEST PARAMETER
Mortality and reproduction
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal: 0, 10, 100, 1000 and 4000 mg Al/kg dw
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
457 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CI: 286-729 mg Al/kg dw; pH (KCl) 3.24±0.10
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 4 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: pH (KCl) 4.86±0.54
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 4 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: pH (KCl) 7.22±0.17
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
330 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
reproduction
Remarks on result:
other: pH (KCl) 3.24 ± 0.10
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
197 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
reproduction
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CI: 8.3-4661 mg Al/kg dw; pH (KCl) 4.86±0.54
Duration:
18 d
Dose descriptor:
EC50
Effect conc.:
883 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
reproduction
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CI: 209-3722 mg Al/kg dw; pH (KCl) 7.22±0.17
Reported statistics and error estimates:
Trimmed Spearman-Karber method
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Conclusions:
Mortality increased with decreasing pH level, reproduction was lowest at a nominal pH level of 5.0.
Executive summary:

This eartchworm toxicity test was similar to an OECD guideline 207, on Eisenia andrei. The test ran for 18 days and was not performed under GLP. The tested concentrations were : 0, 10, 100, 1000 and 4000 mg Al/kg soil dw. Aluminium sulphate and aluminium chloride were tested in this test. pH levels decreased when aluminium concentration increased.

The results obtained are the following :

18 d-LC50 (mortality)= 457 mg/kg soil dw (95% CI: 286-729 mg Al/kg dw; pH (KCl) 3.24 ± 0.10)

18 d-LC50 > 4000 mg/kg soil dw (pH (KCl) 4.86 ± 0.54)

18 d-LC50 > 4000 mg/kg soil dw (pH (KCl) 7.22 ± 0.17)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) = 330 mg Al/kg soil dw (pH (KCl) 3.24 ± 0.1)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) =197 mg Al/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 8.3 - 4661 kg Al/kg soil dw, pH (KCl) 4.86 ± 0.54)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) =883 mg Al/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 209 - 3722 mg Al/kg soil dw, pH (KCl) 7.22 ± 0.17).

Endpoint:
toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods: short-term
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Test method described in detail, no GLP and no detailed information on test substance.
Qualifier:
equivalent or similar to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 207 (Earthworm, Acute Toxicity Tests)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
range finding test
GLP compliance:
no
Analytical monitoring:
no
Vehicle:
no
Test organisms (species):
other: Eisenia andrei
Animal group:
annelids
Details on test organisms:
Age: 9-12 weeks old with a well-developed clitellum
Starting weight: 259 - 529 mg
Study type:
laboratory study
Substrate type:
artificial soil
Limit test:
no
Total exposure duration:
14 d
Test temperature:
20 ± 2 °C
pH:
nominal pH (KCl): 3.5, 5.0 and 7.0
measured pH (KCl): 3.21-3.52, 3.69-4.38 and 4.37-6.70 (lowest pH value measured at the highest aluminium concentration)
Moisture:
55% (w/w)
Details on test conditions:
Test soils: artificial soil according to OECD (1984)
Number of replicates / conc: 1
Test container: 1 L glass test containers with 400 g dry soil
Organisms per container: 10
Light: continuous illumination (400 lux)

TEST PARAMETER
Mortality
Nominal and measured concentrations:
nominal: 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Al/kg dw
Reference substance (positive control):
no
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
316 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: pH (KCl) 3.21-3.52
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
359 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: 95% CI: 274-471 mg Al/kg dw; pH (KCl) 3.69-4.38
Duration:
14 d
Dose descriptor:
LC50
Effect conc.:
> 1 000 mg/kg soil dw
Nominal / measured:
nominal
Conc. based on:
other: Al
Basis for effect:
mortality
Remarks on result:
other: pH (KCl) 4.37-6.70
Details on results:
pH levels decreased with increasing aluminium concentrations.
Reported statistics and error estimates:
Trimmed Spearman-Karber method
Validity criteria fulfilled:
not specified
Executive summary:

This acute eartchworm toxicity test was similar to an OECD guideline 207, on Eisenia andrei. The test ran for 14 days and was not performed under GLP. The tested concentrations were : 0, 10, 100 and 1000 mg Al/kg soil dw. Aluminium sulphate and aluminium chloride were tested in this test. pH levels decreased when aluminium concentration increased.

The results obtained are the following :

14 d-LC50 = 316 mg/kg soil dw (pH KCl = 3.21 - 3.52)

14 d-LC50 = 359 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 274 - 471 mg Al/ kg soil dw)

14 d-LC50 > 1000 mg/kg soil dw (pH KCl = 4.37 - 6.70).

Description of key information

Similar to OECD guideline 207, not GLP, key study, validity 2 (van Gestel, 2001, aluminium chloride and aluminium sulphate):

18 d-LC50 = 457 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 286 - 729 mg AI/kg dw, pH (KCl) 3.24 +- 0.1)

18 d-LC50 > 4000 mg/kg soil dw (pH (KCl) 4.86 +-0.54)

18 d-LC50 > 4000 mg/kg soil dw (pH (KCl) 7.22 +- 0.17)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) = 330 mg/kg soild dw (pH (KCl) 3.24 +- 0.1)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) = 197 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 8.3 - 4661 mg AI/kg soil dw)

18 d-EC50 (reproduction) = 883 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 209 - 3722 mg AI/kg soil dw)

Similar to OECD guideline 207, not GLP, key study, validity 2 (van Gestel, 2001, aluminium chloride hexahydrate):

14 d-LC50 = 359 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI = 274 - 471 mg Al/kg soil dw)

14 d-LC50 = 316 mg/kg soil dw (pH KCl = 3.21 - 3.52)

14 d-LC50 > 1000 mg/kg soil dw (pH KCl = 4.37 - 6.70)

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Long-term EC10, LC10 or NOEC for soil macroorganisms:
197 mg/kg soil dw

Additional information

Two studies simillar to OECD guideline 207 are available to assess the toxicity to soil macroorganisms except arthropods. One was performed on aluminium chloride and aluminium sulphate while the other one was performed on aluminium chloride hexahydrate. The lowest EC50 obtained was 197 mg/kg soil dw (95 % CI : 8.3 - 4661 mg AI/kg soil dw) based on reproduction of Eisenia andrei exposed to aluminium chloride or aluminium sulphate. The lowest LC50 was 316 mg/kg soil dw (pH KCl = 3.21 - 3.52) based onEisenia andreimortality on a 14 days period.