Registration Dossier

Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets

Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.

The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.

Diss Factsheets

Physical & Chemical properties

Water solubility

Currently viewing:

Administrative data

Link to relevant study record(s)

Referenceopen allclose all

Endpoint:
water solubility
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
27 May - 22 June 2010
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method A.6 (Water Solubility)
Deviations:
yes
Remarks:
Deviations from standard method due to readily and high solubility of the test item
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Type of method:
other: Due to the high water solubility as determined in the pretest, no main study was performed.
Water solubility:
> 1 000 g/L
Temp.:
20 °C
pH:
0.05
Details on results:
The pH of sample 10 was inconsistently high. Sample solutions generated during the water solubility test were stable, without any significant precipitation of insoluble zirconium oxide hydrolysis product. This was attributed to the acidic nature of the sample solutions, in that rapid, but only limited hydrolysis occured on dissolution, resulting in an acidic solution pH at which the parent test item was both soluble and more critically, stable.

During the second experiment, investigating the reactivity with water, a precipitate was observed after neutralisation of the sample and the total dissolved zirconium concentration was demonstrated by ICP-MS to have reduced drastically. These results were consistent with data from literature. Hydrolysis of ZrOCl2 is recognised as being incomplete in the presence of hydrochloric acid, with the formation of a stable zirconium oxychloride intermediate, not the anticipated oxide.

Conclusions:
Based on the outcome of the study the test item is considered highly soluble (miscible at a 1 to 1 ratio), and by limited hydrolysis generating hydrochloric acid and thus acidifying the sample solution, a stable equilibrium is reached. On neutralisation of the solution, the hydrochloric acid is consumed, the eliquibrium disrupted and hydrolysis is able to continue towards completion. The zirconium content of the solution is lost through precipitation, most probably as the proposed insoluble hydrolysis product zirconium dioxide.
Endpoint:
water solubility
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
no data
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Data in this peer-reviewed publication were taken from many sources, including both compilations and primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen for inclusion in the handbook. Reference sources were not provided for this parameter, nor was the experimental method.
GLP compliance:
not specified
Remarks on result:
other: The test substance is very soluble in water
Details on results:
It was reported that the test substance was very soluble in water and alcohol.
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions it was reported that the test substance was very soluble in water and alcohol.
Endpoint:
water solubility
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
no data
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
reference to same study
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Data in this peer-reviewed publication were taken from many sources, including both compilations and primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen for inclusion in the handbook. Reference sources were not provided for this parameter, nor were the experimental methods.
GLP compliance:
no
Remarks on result:
other: The test substance is very soluble in water
Details on results:
It was reported that the test substances was very soluble in water.
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions it was reported that the test substance was very soluble.
Endpoint:
water solubility
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
supporting study
Study period:
no data
Reliability:
2 (reliable with restrictions)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
data from handbook or collection of data
Principles of method if other than guideline:
Data in this peer-reviewed publication were taken from many sources, including both compilations and primary literature. Where conflicts were found, the value deemed most reliable was chosen for inclusion in the handbook. Reference sources were not provided for this parameter, nor were the experimental methods.
GLP compliance:
no
Remarks on result:
other: The test substance is freely soluble in water
Details on results:
It was reported that the test substance was freely soluble in water.
Conclusions:
Under the test conditions it was reported that the test substance is freely soluble in water.

Description of key information

The water solubility of zirconium dichloride oxide was determined following a pre-test of the EC A.6 test method to be very soluble (miscible at a 1 to 1 ratio) at 20 °C (O'Connor and Woolley, 2010). This study was considered as the key study.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Additional information

The key study was the study of O'Connor and Woolley (2010). In this study zirconium dichloride oxide was determined to be miscible with water at a 1 to 1 ratio. When dissolving zirconium dichloride oxide, hydrochloric acid is generated, acidifying the sample solution and establishing a stable equilibrium. On neutralisation of the solution, the hydrochloric acid is consumed, the equilibrium disrupted and hydrolysis is able to continue towards completion. The zirconium content of the solution is lost through precipitation, most probably as the insoluble hydrolysis product zirconium dioxide.

The concluded high solubility from the study was supported by peer-reviewed data from three handbooks indicating zirconium dichloride oxide to be very soluble in water (Lewis, 1992; Lide, 2001; O'Neil, 2006).