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Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Description of key information

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Skin sensitisation

Link to relevant study records
Reference
Endpoint:
skin sensitisation: in vivo (LLNA)
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
2012-02-01 to 2012-02-29
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
other: Guideline study under GLP without deviations
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 429 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
EU Method B.42 (Skin Sensitisation: Local Lymph Node Assay)
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Remarks:
acc. to §19 German Chemikaliengesetz
Type of study:
mouse local lymph node assay (LLNA)
Species:
mouse
Strain:
CBA
Sex:
female
Details on test animals and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS: mice, CBA/CaOlaHsd
- Source: Harlan Laboratories B.V., Postbus 6174, 5960 AD Horst / The Netherlands
- Age at study initiation: 9 - 11 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 17.8 - 22.9 g
- Housing: group caging
- Diet: pelleted standard diet (Harlan Laboratories B.V., 5960 AD Horst, The Netherlands), ad libidum
- Water: tap water, (Gemeindewerke, 64380 Rossdorf, Germany), ad libitum
- Acclimation period: At least 5 days prior to the start of dosing under test conditions after health examination. Only animals without any visible signs of illness were used for the study

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 22 + 2°C
- Humidity (%): 45-65 %
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): artificial light 6:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m.
- Bedding: granulated soft wood bedding (Rettenmaier & Söhne GmbH + Co. KG, 73494 Rosenberg, Germany)

Vehicle:
acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)
Concentration:
10, 25 and 50% (w/w)
No. of animals per dose:
4
Details on study design:
RANGE FINDING TESTS:

A solubility experiment was performed according to the recommendations given by OECD 429. The highest test item concentration, which could be technically used was a 50 % suspension in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)). Vortexing was necessary to formulate the test item. At higher concentrations, an applicable formulation of the test item was not achieved, neither by the use of other vehicles nor by using additional methods to formulate the test item (e.g. sonicating, warming to 37°C).
To determine the highest non-irritant test concentration that at the same time did not induce signs of systemic toxicity, a pre-test was performed in two animals and stated in raw data and report. Two mice were treated by (epidermal) topical application to the dorsal surface of each ear with test item concentrations of 25 and 50% once daily each on three consecutive days. Prior to the first application of the test item and before sacrifice the body weight was determined. Clinical signs were recorded at least once daily. Eventual signs of local skin irritation were documented and a score was used to grade a possible erythema of the ear skin. Furthermore, prior to the first application of the test item (day 1), on day 3 and before sacrifice (day 6) the ear thickness was determined using a micrometer (S0247 Kroeplin, 36381 Schlüchtern, Germany). Additionally, for both animals, the ears were punched after sacrifice (day 6) at the apical area using a biopsy punch (Stiefel, Ø 8 mm corresponding to 0.5 cm2) and were immediately pooled per animal and weighed using an analytical balance. Eventual ear irritation was considered to be excessive if an erythema of the ear skin of a score value ≥3 was observed at any observation time and/or if an increase in ear thickness of ≥25% was recorded on day 3 or day 6 (for detailed results see Annex 1). On day 2, the animal treated with 25% test item concentration showed an erythema of the ear skin (Score 1). The animal treated with 50% test item concentration did not show any signs of local skin irritation.
Thus, the test item in the main study was assayed at 10, 25 and 50% (w/w).


MAIN STUDY:

TOPICAL APPLICATION:
Each test group of mice was treated by topical (epidermal) application to the dorsal surface of each ear (left and right) with different test item concentrations of 10, 25 and 50% (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)). The application volume, 25 µL was spread over the entire dorsal surface (~ 8 mm) of each ear once daily for three consecutive days. A futher group of mice was treated with an equivalent volume of the relevant vehicle alone (control animals).

ADMINISTRATION OF 3H-METHYL THYMIDINE AND DETERMINATION OF INCORPORATED 3H-METHYL THYMIDINE

Five days after the first topical application, all mice were intraveneously injected into a tail vein with radio-labelled thymidine (3HTdR). Approximately five hours after treatment with 3HTdR all mice were sacrificed and the draining lymph nodes were excised and pooled per group. Single cell suspensions of lymph node cells were prepared from pooled lymph nodes, which were subsequently washed with phosphate buffered saline and incubated with trichloroacetíc acid overnight. The proliferative capacity of pooled lymph node cells was determined by the incorporation of 3H-methyl thymidine measured in scintillation counter.

INTERPRETATION OF RAW DATA

The proliferation response of lymph node cells is expressed as the number of radioactive disintegrations per minute per lymph node (DPM/node) and as the ratio of 3HTdR incorporated into lymph node cells of test lymph nodes relative to that recorded for control lymph nodes (stimulation index). Before DPM/node values were determined, mean scintillation-background DPM was subtracted from test and control raw data. A test item is regarded as a sensitiliser in the LLNA if the following criteria are fulfilled:
-First, that exposure to at least one concentration of the test item resulted in an incorporation of 3HTdR at least 3-fold or greater than that recorded in control mice, as indicated by the stimulation index.
-Second, that the data are compatible with a conventional dose response, although allowance must be made (especially at high topical concentrations) for either local toxicity or immunological suppression.

OBSERVATIONS

In addition to the sensitising reactions the following observations and data were recorded during the test and observation period:
Mortality / Viability: At least once daily from experimental start to necropsy.
Body weights: In the pre-test prior to the first application and prior to sacrifice. In the main experiment: prior to the first application and prior to treatment with 3HTdR.
Ear thickness: In the pre-test prior to the first application of the test item (day 1), on day 3 and before sacrifice (day 6).
Ear weights: In the pre-test after sacrifice; biopsy punches were taken from each ear.
Clinical signs (local / systemic): Clinical signs (systemic toxicity or local skin irritation) were recorded at least once daily. Especially the treatment sites were observed carefully.
Positive control substance(s):
hexyl cinnamic aldehyde (CAS No 101-86-0)
Statistics:
The mean values and standard deviations were calculated in the body weight tables.
Positive control results:
Experiment performed in December 2011 (Harlan study number 1486301) using concentrations of 5, 10, and 25 % alpha-hexyl cinnamic aldehyde in acetone:olive oil (4:1). These concentrations yielded S.I.´s of 1.7, 1.8, and 5.9, respectively.
The EC3 value calculated was 14.4 % (w/v).
The positive control substance alpha-hexyl cinnamic aldehyde was found to be a skin sensitizer under the described conditions, demonstrating the validity of the study.
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
0.97
Test group / Remarks:
50 % (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
0.68
Test group / Remarks:
25 % (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Value:
0.93
Test group / Remarks:
10 % (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)
Key result
Parameter:
SI
Remarks on result:
other: see depicted table below
Key result
Parameter:
other: disintegrations per minute (DPM)
Remarks on result:
other: see depicted table below

Calculation and results of individual data; Vehicle: acetone/olive oil (4:1 v/v)

Test item concentration % (w/w)

Group

Measurement DPM

Calculation

Result

DPM-BGa)

number of lymph nodes

DPM per lymph nodeb)

S.I.

---

BG I

18

---

---

---

---

---

BG II

34

---

---

---

---

0

1

2594

2568

8

321.0

1.00

10

2

2416

2390

8

298.8

0.93

25

3

1783

1757

8

219.6

0.68

50

4

2508

2482

8

310.3

0.97

BG =  Background (1 mL 5% trichloroacetic acid) in duplicate

1    =  Control Group

2-4=  Test Group

S.I. =  Stimulation Index

a)   =  The mean value was taken from the figures BG I and BG II

b)    =  As the lymph nodes of the animals of a dose group were pooled, DPM/lymph node was determined by dividing the measured value by the number of lymph nodes pooled

The EC3 value could not be calculated, because all S.I.´s are below the threshold value of 3.

VIABILITY / MORTALITY

No deaths occurred during the study period.

CLINICAL SIGNS

No symtoms of local toxicity at the ears of the animals and no systemic findings were observed during the study period.

BODY WEIGHTS

The body weight of the animals, recorded prior to the first application and prior to treatment with 3HTdR, was within the range commonly recorded for animals of this strain and age.

Interpretation of results:
GHS criteria not met
Conclusions:
The test item was not a skin sensitiser under the test conditions of this study.
Executive summary:

In order to study a possible skin sensitising potential of the test item, three groups each of four female mice were treated once daily with the test item at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50% (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)) by topical application to the dorsum of each ear for three consecutive days. A control group of four mice was treated with the vehicle (acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v))) only. Five days after the first topical application the mice were injected intravenously into a tail vein with radio-labelled thymidine (3H-methyl thymidine). Approximately five hours after intravenous injection, the mice were sacrificed, the draining auricular lymph nodes excised and pooled per group. Single cell suspensions of lymph node cells were prepared from pooled lymph nodes, which were subsequently washed and incubated with trichloroacetic acid overnight. The proliferative capacity of pooled lymph node cells was determined by the incorporation of3H-methyl thymidine measured in ab-scintillation counter.

All treated animals survived the scheduled study period and no signs of systemic toxicity or local skin irritation were observed.

A test item is regarded as a sensitiser in the LLNA if the exposure to one or more test concentration resulted in a 3-fold or greater increase in incorporation of3HTdR compared with concurrent controls, as indicated by the Stimulation Index (S.I.). The estimated concentration of test item required to produce a S.I. of 3 is referred to as the EC3 value.

In this study Stimulation Indices (S.I.) of 0.93, 0.68 and 0.97 were determined with the test item at concentrations of 10, 25 and 50% (w/w) in acetone:olive oil (4:1 (v/v)), respectively. A dose response was not observed.

The EC3 value could not be calculated, because none of the tested concentrations induced a S.I. greater than the threshold value of 3 for a positive response. The test item was not a skin sensitiser under the test conditions of this study.
Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no adverse effect observed (not sensitising)
Additional information:

There is one LLNA assay available to assess the sensitising properties of the test substance (guideline study, RL1), applied in acetone:olive oil (4:1) in dilutions up to 50%. No signs of irritation or systemic toxicity were observed. In this study Stimulation Indices (SI) of 0.93, 0.68 and 0.97 were determined with the test item extract concentrations of 10, 25 and 50%, respectively.

Two reliable (RL2) Human Insult Repeated Patch tests (HRIPT) reported no sensitising effects (see chapter 7.10.4). The submission substance was tested either as 60 % paste in a concentration of 0.1 g/cm2 or as fibres containing 22% test substance on alpha-Cellulose.

Therefore, the test substance was not considered to be a skin sensitiser in this assay.


Migrated from Short description of key information:
A local lymph node assay (LLNA) according to guideline revealed the test substance as not sensitising. Two reliable human studies (HRIPT-tests) did not report sensitising properties.

Justification for selection of skin sensitisation endpoint:
Guideline conform GLP study.

Respiratory sensitisation

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available

Justification for classification or non-classification

Based on the findings of a guideline LLNA and HRIPT data, the test substance has not to be classified for sensitisation according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008.