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Diss Factsheets

Administrative data

Description of key information

The substance is hazardous with oral LD50-values reported in the range of 1000 to 2700 mg/kg bw. After intravenous application the LD50 is between 200 and 400 mg/kg bw.

Key value for chemical safety assessment

Acute toxicity: via oral route

Link to relevant study records
Reference
Endpoint:
acute toxicity: oral
Type of information:
experimental study
Adequacy of study:
key study
Study period:
15 June 1995 to 19 October 1995
Reliability:
1 (reliable without restriction)
Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
guideline study
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
OECD Guideline 401 (Acute Oral Toxicity)
Deviations:
no
Qualifier:
according to guideline
Guideline:
other: Directive 92/69/EEC, B.1. "Acute Toxicity-Oral", July 31, 1992.
Deviations:
no
GLP compliance:
yes (incl. QA statement)
Test type:
standard acute method
Limit test:
no
Species:
rat
Strain:
Wistar
Sex:
male/female
Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
TEST ANIMALS
- Source: BRL, Biological Research Laboratories Ltd.; Wölferstrasse 4, 4414 Füllingsdorf/Switzerland
- Age at study initiation: male: 8 weeks, females: 10 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: males: 200.9 - 221.6 g; females: 179.8 - 196.6 g
- Fasting period before study: approximately 16h
- Housing: Makrolon type 4 with standard softwood bedding ("Lignocel", Schill AG, CH-4132 Muttenz)
- Diet: Pellet standard Kliba 343, Batch no. 86/95 rat maintainance diet, ad libitum
- Water: Tap water from Füllingsdorf, ad libitum
- Acclimation period: One week under laboratory condtions, after health examination. Only animals without any visible signs of illnes were used for the study.

ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
- Temperature (°C): 21-24°C
- Humidity (%): 48 to 90 %
- Air changes (per hr): 10-15
- Photoperiod (hrs dark / hrs light): 12/12 artificial fluorescent light (approx. 100 Lux)
Route of administration:
oral: gavage
Vehicle:
water
Remarks:
(bi-distilled)
Details on oral exposure:
The test article was placed into a glas beaker on a tared Mettler PM 480 balance, and the vehicle (bi-distilled water) was added. A weight by volume dilution was prepared using a homogenizer (Ultra Turax, Janke & Kunkel, D-79219 Staufen). Homogeneity of the test article was maintained during treatment using a magnetic stirrer (Janke & Kinkel, D.-79219 Staufen). The preparation was made shortly before dosing. The animals received a single dose of the test article on a mg/kg bw basis by oral gavage following fasting for approx. 16 hours, but with free access to water. Food was provided again approx. 3 hours after dosing.
Application Volume: 10 ml/kg
Doses:
500 mg/kg bw (Group 1)
1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2)
2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3)
No. of animals per sex per dose:
5 males and 5 females: 500 mg/kg bw (Group 1)
5 males and 5 females: 1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2)
5 males and 5 females: 2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3)

Control animals:
no
Details on study design:
- Duration of observation period following administration: 14 days
- Frequency of observations and weighing: observation: each animal was examined for changes in apperance and behaviour four to five times during day 1 and once daily for surviving animals during days 2-15. weighing: day 1 (pre-administration), 8 and 15
- Necropsy of survivors performed: yes
- Other examinations performed: clinical signs, body weight, organ weights
Statistics:
The LOGIT-Model (COX, Analysis of Binary Data, London 1977) was used to calculate the mean lethal dose. The 90%, 95% and 99% confidence limits for the toxicity value and the slope of the dos response line were calculated.
Preliminary study:
not applicable
Sex:
male/female
Dose descriptor:
LD50
Effect level:
1 212 mg/kg bw
Based on:
test mat.
95% CL:
927 - 1 704
Sex:
male
Dose descriptor:
LD50
Effect level:
1 529 mg/kg bw
Based on:
test mat.
95% CL:
959 - 6 036
Sex:
female
Dose descriptor:
LD50
Effect level:
952 mg/kg bw
Based on:
test mat.
95% CL:
574 - 1 451
Mortality:
The following mortality was observed:
500 mg/kg bw (Group 1): males: 0%, females: 0%
1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2): males: 0%, females: 60%
2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3): males: 80%, females: 100%

For further details please see also the attached background material: Pfister.1995.Acute oral toxicity study with N-chlorosuccinimide in rats_ tabels and appendices.pdf
Clinical signs:
other: The following clinical signs were observed during the observation period: 500 mg/kg bw (Group 1): sedation (5/5)*, ruffled fur (3/5) 1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2): sedation (5/5), ruffled fur (3/5), emaciation (1/3), lacrimation (0/2) 2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3):
Gross pathology:
The following macroscopic organ findings were observed at necropsy:

500 mg/kg bw (Group 1): scheduled necropsy - no findings

1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2): scheduled necropsy - one male presented stomache distended with gas; spontaneous deaths - one female presented stomache distended with gas and black-brown contents in jejunum

2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3): scheduled necropsy - one male presented distended stomache; spontaneous deaths - one male and two females contained reddish fluid in body cavities, one male presented distended stomache

For further details please see also the attached background material: Pfister.1995.Acute oral toxicity study with N-chlorosuccinimide in rats_ tabels and appendices.pdf
Other findings:
For further details please see also the attached background material: Pfister.1995.Acute oral toxicity study with N-chlorosuccinimide in rats_ tabels and appendices.pdf

For further details please see also the attached background material: Pfister.1995.Acute oral toxicity study with N-chlorosuccinimide in rats_ tabels and appendices.pdf

Interpretation of results:
Category 4 based on GHS criteria
Conclusions:
The oral LD50 of N-chlorosuccinide is 1212 mg/kg bw in rats.
Executive summary:

N-chlorosuccinimide was administered to three groups of 5 male and f 5 male and 5 female rats by oral gavage at single doses of 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg bw.

The following mortality was observed:
500 mg/kg bw (Group 1): males: 0%, females: 0%
1000 mg/kg bw (Group 2): males: 0%, females: 60%
2000 mg/kg bw (Group 3): males: 80%, females: 100%

Based on these observations, the LD50 estimation for acute oral toxicity in rats of both sexes, observed over a period of 14 days is 1212 mg/kg bw.

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
adverse effect observed
Dose descriptor:
LD50
Value:
1 212 mg/kg bw

Acute toxicity: via inhalation route

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available

Acute toxicity: via dermal route

Endpoint conclusion
Endpoint conclusion:
no study available

Additional information

The newer guideline study of Pfister 1995 was selected as the key study.

Justification for classification or non-classification

Three acute oral and one acute intravenous results are availbale for N-chlorosuccinimide:

- According to Pfister (Key, 1995) the oral LD50 to rats is 1212 mg/kg bw.

- According to Stohlman (Supporting, 1944) the LD50 after oral application to rats is between 1000 and 2700 mg/kg bw, and after intravenous application the LD50 is between 200 and 400 mg/kg bw.

Both acute oral values are within the same range. The Key study (Pfister, 1995) is deemed as most reliable as this study is the most recent one, conducted according to GLP and the study report is fully available. Therefore the oral LD50 of N-chlorosuccinimide is set to 1212 mg/kg bw.

The results of the available acute toxicity studies indicate a classification of N-chlorosuccinimide according to DSD and CLP as follows:

CLP: Acute Toxicity Category 4