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Diss Factsheets
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EC number: 200-655-4 | CAS number: 67-48-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 1984-02-10
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study performed according to DIN, no GLP compliance and not well documented.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: DIN 38 409 Teil 43
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- other: H5 (Bestimmung des biochemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs)
- GLP compliance:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- No information available.
- Specific details on test material used for the study:
- Details on properties of test surrogate or analogue material: No surrogate or analogue material was used.
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- not specified
- Details on inoculum:
- No details given.
- Duration of test (contact time):
- ca. 5 d
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 1.716 g/L
- Based on:
- other: 78 % Choline chloride
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 2.574 g/L
- Based on:
- other: 78 % Choline chloride
- Initial conc.:
- ca. 3.861 g/L
- Based on:
- other: 78 % Choline chloride
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: 78 % Choline chloride diluted by water (not further specified)
TEST SYSTEM
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2 flasks/concentration
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: at the beginning and the end of the test - Reference substance:
- not specified
- Preliminary study:
- No details are reported.
- Test performance:
- No details are reported.
- Parameter:
- % degradation (O2 consumption)
- Value:
- > 75
- Sampling time:
- 5 d
- Details on results:
- The percentage of degradation was calculated by dividing BOD5 by ThOD.
1280 mg/g divided by 1710 mg/g amounts to 75 % of degradation. - Parameter:
- BOD5
- Value:
- > 1 066 - < 1 400 other: mg/L
- Parameter:
- COD
- Value:
- > 321 - < 322 mg O2/g test mat.
- Results with reference substance:
- Not applicable.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Basic scientifical principles are fulfilled.
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Within 5 days, a degradation of 75 % was determined for Choline chloride under the given test conditions. Therefore, the substance is considered as readily biodegradable. The study was conducted without GLP compliance and the study report is not well documented. However, the experimental procedure can be considered as valid. Nevertheless, choline is a naturally occurring compound and a strong biodegradation potential for the test substance can be foreseen.
- Executive summary:
Choline chloride was found to be readily biodegradable based upon an experiment conducted according to H5 (Bestimmung des biochemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs) published in "Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung, 3. Auflage, 11. Lieferung, Weinheim (1982)" (BASF AG, 1984). Thereby, the biodegradation of the test material was calculated by dividing the measured BOD5 by the calculated ThOD resulting in 75 - 90 % biodegradation within 5 days. The COD determined according to DIN 38 409 (part 43) was not considered as suitable reference value.
Reference
Table 1. Test results
BOD [mg/L] |
TOC [mg/L] |
COD [mg/L] |
Initial weight [mg/L] |
Oxygen consumption | |
stock solution | 1305 | 338 | 322 | 1022.5 | 0 |
1003.7 (COD) | |||||
BOD [mg/L] |
TOC [mg/L] |
COD [mg/L] |
ThOD [mg/g] |
% Degradation based on ThOD |
|
test material | 1276 | 331 | 321 | 1430 - 1710 | 75-89 |
Remarks COD was repeatedly determined; no appropriate reference value |
Table 2. BOD5 determination
Oxygen content [mg/L] | Biochemical Oxygen Demand | |||||
Dilution [mL] p |
Flask No. | Beginning | End | Consumption [mg/L] Z- ZV |
single value 1000/p x (Z-ZV) |
Mean value |
2 | 118 | 9.6 | ||||
348 | 6.9 | 2.7 | 1350 | |||
145 | 6.8 | 2.8 | 1400 | |||
3 | 257 | 9.5 | ||||
315 | 5.9 | 3.6 | 1200 | |||
535 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 1270 | 1305 | ||
4.5 | 494 | 9.5 | ||||
194 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 1066 | |||
538 | 4.6 | 4.9 | 1090 | |||
Remarks | ||||||
Laboratory No. | 2567 | |||||
TOC [mg/L] | 338 | |||||
BOD5 [mg/L] | 1305 | |||||
COD [mg/L] | 322 | |||||
Initial weight [g/L] | 1.0225 | |||||
Initial weight [g/L] for COD |
1.0027 |
Description of key information
Readily biodegradability_DIN 38 409 part 43/H5 (Determination of Biological Oxygen Demand; BOD): 75 % degradation within 5 days - readily biodegradable
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
Choline chloride was found to be readily biodegradable based upon an experiment conducted according to H5 (Bestimmung des biochemischen Sauerstoffbedarfs) published in "Deutsche Einheitsverfahren zur Wasser-, Abwasser- und Schlammuntersuchung, 3. Auflage, 11. Lieferung, Weinheim (1982)" (BASF AG, 1984). Thereby, the biodegradation of the test material was calculated by dividing the measured BOD5 by the calculated ThOD resulting in 75 - 90 % biodegradation within 5 days. The COD determined according to DIN 38 409 (part 43) was not considered as suitable reference value. The study was conducted without GLP compliance and the available study report is not well documented. However, the experimental procedure can be considered as valid. Nevertheless, choline is a naturally occurring compound and a strong biodegradation potential for the test substance can be foreseen.
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