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EC number: 824-962-3 | CAS number: 14488-58-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
Description of key information
In water, calcium azelate is expected to dissociate to calcium ions and azelaic acid. As it is inorganic, the calcium ion will not undergo biodegradation, however, the acid component may be biodegraded. Adipic acid (C6) is readily biodegradable based on publicly available data from five ready biodegradation tests and this result has been read across to the azelaic acid (C9), the organic component of calcium azelate. This conclusion is supported by Mizuki et al (2010), which provides data for longer-chain metal salts of carboxylic acids (approximately 60% sodium oleate (C18 unsaturated) and 40% potassium laurate (C12)).
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
In water, calcium azelate is expected to dissociate to calcium ions and azelaic acid. As it is inorganic, the calcium ion will not undergo biodegradation, however, the acid component may be biodegraded. The OECD has published a risk assessment under the high production volume program which considers the salts of dicarboxylic acids (C6 - C10) as part of a larger aliphatic acid category (CoCAM 2014). This risk assessment covers 78 member substances consisting of C4 -C22 aliphatic acids (also called fatty acids) and their salts. The CoCAM report (2014) concludes that 'the weight of evidence indicates that the aliphatics acid category members are readily biodegradable'. They share a common degradation pathway in which they are degraded to acetyl-Co A or other key metabolites in all living systems. Differences in metabolism or biodegradation of even or odd numbered carbon chain compounds are not expected (CoCAM 2014).
There is publicly available biodegradation data for adipic acid (C6) which supports the conclusions of the CoCAM report (2014) that calcium azelate will be readily biodegradable. Although no specific biodegradation studies are available for azelaic acid (C9), the substance would be expected to be readily biodegradable based on read across from adipic acid based on structural similarity and also on the conclusions of the CoCAM (2014) report.
Adipic acid was found to be readily biodegradable in five ready biodegradation studies (Gerike and Fischer, 1978; Kim et al. 2001) and inherently biodegradable in a Zahn-Wellens test (Gerike and Fischer 1978). All the biodegradation studies conducted by Gerike and Fischer (1978) are based on standard methods but pre-date current OECD guideline methods. There is therefore no reporting of the criteria based on the 10-day window. There is also only limited reporting of the specific methods for these tests. The results for adipic acid in the ready biodegradation tests (based on OECD 301B, C, D and E) and in the Zahn-Wellens test (based on OECD 302B) all showed similar results to the OECD recommended reference substance, aniline, with at least 83% biodegradation within 30 days (Gerike and Fischer 1978). In a Modified Sturm test following ASTM D5209 -91, adipic acid showed > 70% biodegradation in 10 days and >80% biodegradation in 30 days based on CO2 evolution. In this study, adipic acid would fulfil the criteria for ready biodegradation within the 10-day window. Overall, the consistent results for biodegradation in a number of different tests confirms that adipic acid is readily biodegradable.
The biodegradability of longer-chain fatty acids is supported by data read across from a non-GLP, non-guideline, batch respirometric study (Mizuki et al 2010). The results suggest that a soap-based fire-fighting agent containing long chain fatty acids (58.9% sodium oleate, 40.5% potassium laurate, 0.6% potassium palmitate) is readily biodegradable. The data are taken from published, peer-reviewed literature and are considered reliable and relevant for use. Mizuki et al have shown that a mixture of ~60% sodium oleate (C18 unsaturated) and ~40% potassium laurate (C12) is readily biodegradable, indicating that longer carbon chain length substances are expected to have the same properties as those of shorter chain substances. Although no data are available for azelaic acid, or the calcium salt, calcium azelate is expected to have similar environmental fate properties to other fatty acids and is considered readily biodegradable.
The overall conclusion is that calcium azelate is readily biodegradable.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
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