Registration Dossier
Registration Dossier
Data platform availability banner - registered substances factsheets
Please be aware that this old REACH registration data factsheet is no longer maintained; it remains frozen as of 19th May 2023.
The new ECHA CHEM database has been released by ECHA, and it now contains all REACH registration data. There are more details on the transition of ECHA's published data to ECHA CHEM here.
Diss Factsheets
Use of this information is subject to copyright laws and may require the permission of the owner of the information, as described in the ECHA Legal Notice.
EC number: 278-585-9 | CAS number: 76994-37-1
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Endpoint summary
Administrative data
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Genetic toxicity in vitro
Description of key information
Link to relevant study records
- Endpoint:
- in vitro gene mutation study in bacteria
- Remarks:
- Type of genotoxicity: gene mutation
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Experimental study according to guideline and GLP
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 471 (Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay)
- Version / remarks:
- 1997
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method B.13/14 (Mutagenicity - Reverse Mutation Test Using Bacteria)
- Version / remarks:
- 2008
- Deviations:
- no
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EPA OPPTS 870.5100 - Bacterial Reverse Mutation Test (August 1998)
- Deviations:
- no
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
- Remarks:
- BASF SE, Experimental Toxicology and Ecology, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany
- Type of assay:
- bacterial reverse mutation assay
- Species / strain / cell type:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98 and TA 100
- Species / strain / cell type:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Metabolic activation system:
- S9 (Phenobarbital/β-naphthoflavone induced rat liver)
- Test concentrations with justification for top dose:
- Experiment 1 (standard plate test): 0, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2750 and 5500 μg/plate
Experiment 2 (standard plate test): 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10 and 33 μg/plate (TA strains) and 0, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10, 33 and 100 μg/plate (E.coli)
Experiment 3 (preincubation test): 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3 and 10 μg/plate (TA strains) and 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10 and 33 μg/plate (E.coli) - Vehicle / solvent:
- - Solvent: DMSO
- Justification for choice of solvent/vehicle: Due to the insolubility of the test substance in water, DMSO was used as vehicle, which had been demonstrated to be suitable in bacterial reverse mutation tests and for which historical control data are available. - Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine
- Remarks:
- (MNNG) TA 1535, TA 100 (without activation)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine
- Remarks:
- (NOPD) TA 98 (without activation)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide
- Remarks:
- (4-NQO) WP2 uvrA (without activation)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- 9-aminoacridine
- Remarks:
- (AAC) TA 1537 (without activation)
- Untreated negative controls:
- yes
- Remarks:
- sterility control
- Negative solvent / vehicle controls:
- yes
- True negative controls:
- no
- Positive controls:
- yes
- Positive control substance:
- other: 2-aminoanthracene
- Remarks:
- (2-AA) TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100, WP2 uvrA (with activation)
- Details on test system and experimental conditions:
- METHOD OF APPLICATION: pre-incubation, in agar (plate incorporation)
DURATION
- Preincubation period: 20 min
- Exposure duration: 48 - 72 h
NUMBER OF REPLICATIONS: 3
DETERMINATION OF CYTOTOXICITY
Toxicity detected by a decrease in the number of revertants (factor ≤ 0.6) and/or clearing or diminution of the background lawn (= reduced his- or trp- background growth). It was recorded for all test groups both with and without S9 mix in all experiments. Single values with a factor ≤ 0.6 were not detected as toxicity in low dose groups. - Evaluation criteria:
- The test substance was considered positive in this assay if a dose-related and reproducible increase in the number of revertant colonies, i.e. at least doubling (bacteria strains with high spontaneous mutation rate, like TA 98, TA 100 and E.coli WP2 uvrA) or tripling (bacteria strains with low spontaneous mutation rate, like TA 1535 and TA 1537) of the spontaneous mutation rate in at least one tester strain either without S9 mix or after adding a metabolizing system.
A test substance was generally considered non-mutagenic in this test if the number of revertants for all tester strains were within the historical negative control data range under all experimental conditions in at least two experiments carried out independently of each other. - Species / strain:
- E. coli WP2 uvr A
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 100
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 98
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1537
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Species / strain:
- S. typhimurium TA 1535
- Metabolic activation:
- with and without
- Genotoxicity:
- negative
- Cytotoxicity / choice of top concentrations:
- cytotoxicity
- Vehicle controls validity:
- valid
- Untreated negative controls validity:
- valid
- Positive controls validity:
- valid
- Additional information on results:
- TEST-SPECIFIC CONFOUNDING FACTORS
- Precipitation: starting at 5500 μg/plate with and without S9 mix
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION ON CYTOTOXICITY: It was dependent on test strain used but independent of metabolic activation. The lowest concentrations inducing a decreased revertant number were 10 µg/plate (standard plate test) and 3.3 µg/plate (preincubation test). - Remarks on result:
- other: all strains/cell types tested
- Remarks:
- Migrated from field 'Test system'.
Reference
Experiment 1 (standard plate)
Dose (µg/plate) | Mean number of revertant colonies/3 replicate plates (± S.D.) with different strains of Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli | ||||
TA1535 | TA100 | TA1537 | TA98 | WP2 uvrA | |
Results without S9 | |||||
DMSO | 7.7 ± 2.1 | 95.7 ± 1.5 | 7.0 ± 2.0 | 17.0 ± 3.6 | 18.7 ± 0.6 |
33 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 7.7 ± 0.6 |
100 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
333 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
1000 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
2750 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
5500 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
MNNG (5) | 4633 ± 203 | 3648 ± 86.5 | |||
AAC (100) | 1686.7 ± 190 | ||||
NOPD (10) | 407.3 ± 25.3 | ||||
4-NQO (5) | 1337 ± 88.7 | ||||
Results with S9 | |||||
DMSO | 9.3 ± 2.5 | 92.3 ± 5.5 | 9.3 ± 1.2 | 26 ± 3.5 | 26.3 ± 2.1 |
33 | 7.0 ± 4.0 | 56.3 ± 3.5 | 0 ± 0 | 15 ± 1 | 21 ± 1 |
100 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 11.7 ± 3.1 |
333 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
1000 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
2750 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
5500 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 |
2-AA (2.5) | 240.3 ± 22.8 | 2082.3 ± 105 | 145 ± 8.2 | 1519.7 ± 182.8 | |
2-AA (60.0) | 71.3 ± 10 |
Experiment 2 (standard plate)
Dose (µg/plate) | Mean number of revertant colonies/3 replicate plates (± S.D.) with different strains of Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli | ||||
TA1535 | TA100 | TA1537 | TA98 | WP2 uvrA | |
Results without S9 | |||||
DMSO | 9 ± 2 | 83.3 ± 7.4 | 6 ± 1 | 20 ± 4.4 | 21.7 ± 2.5 |
0.1 | 9.7 ± 3.8 | 84 ± 17.1 | 7.3 ± 2.1 | 16.3 ± 3.2 | |
0.3 | 7 ± 2.6 | 90 ± 5.3 | 5.7 ± 2.1 | 18 ± 2.6 | 21.3 ± 4.9 |
1 | 7.7 ± 0.6 | 73.7 ± 14 | 6.7 ± 3.2 | 15.3 ± 2.1 | 17.3 ± 2.5 |
3.3 | 9.7 ± 5.1 | 73.7 ± 7.2 | 5.3 ± 3.5 | 17.3 ± 1.5 | 19 ± 2.6 |
10 | 6 ± 1 | 34 ± 8 | 2.7 ± 0.6 | 9 ± 3.6 | 12.7 ± 2.5 |
33 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 0 ± 0 | 11 ± 3.6 |
100 | 0 ± 0 | ||||
MNNG (5) | 4562.7 ± 89.6 | 3249 ± 145.7 | |||
AAC (100) | 1444.3 ± 205.7 | ||||
NOPD (10) | 377.3 ± 24.8 | ||||
4-NQO (5) | 1109.7 ± 17.9 | ||||
Results with S9 | |||||
DMSO | 11 ± 1.7 | 105.3 ± 10 | 8 ± 2 | 23.7 ± 1.2 | 24 ± 4.4 |
0.1 | 8 ± 1.7 | 84.7 ± 3.2 | 7.7 ± 1.2 | 28.3 ± 7.6 | |
0.3 | 8 ± 3 | 99 ± 7 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 20.7 ± 2.1 | 18.7 ± 3.8 |
1 | 10.3 ± 1.5 | 95.3 ± 12.1 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 20.3 ± 2.3 | 18 ± 6.6 |
3.3 | 7 ± 1 | 88 ± 11.3 | 6 ± 1 | 19 ± 3.6 | 17.3 ± 4.7 |
10 | 8.3 ± 4 | 86.7 ± 11.6 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 8.7 ± 3.8 | 21.7 ± 3.1 |
33 | 4 ± 3.5 | 55 ± 7.5 | 0 ± 0 | 6 ± 2.6 | 15.7 ± 4 |
100 | 4.3 ± 0,6 |
||||
2-AA (2.5) | 241.3 ± 15.8 | 2033.3 ± 236.1 | 124.7 ± 15.5 | 1529.7 ± 326 | |
2-AA (60.0) | 90 ± 8.9 |
Experiment 3 (preincubation)
Dose (µg/plate) | Mean number of revertant colonies/3 replicate plates (± S.D.) with different strains of Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli | ||||
TA1535 | TA100 | TA1537 | TA98 | WP2 uvrA | |
Results without S9 | |||||
DMSO | 11 ± 1.7 | 81.7 ± 8.5 | 6.7 ± 3.1 | 13.7 ± 4.2 | 22 ± 7.2 |
0.03 | 12.7 ± 3.5 | 85 ± 4 | 5.7 ± 2.9 | 12 ± 4.4 | |
0.1 | 13.7 ± 3.5 | 84.3 ± 8.1 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 16.3 ± 2.3 | 22 ± 3.6 |
0.3 | 9 ± 3.5 | 75.3 ± 10.4 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 22 ± 6.6 | 16 ± 2.6 |
1 | 10.3 ± 1.5 | 84.3 ± 5 | 8 ± 3 | 14.7 ± 2.1 | 19.3 ± 2.9 |
3.3 | 9.7 ± 4 | 52 ± 3.5 | 3.3 ± 1.5 | 11 ± 3.6 | 20.7 ± 3.8 |
10 | 7.3 ± 1.5 | 20.3 ± 5.5 | 0 ± 0 | 10.7 ± 1.2 | 19.7 ± 1.2 |
33 | 12 ± 5.3 | ||||
MNNG (5) | 2228 ± 67.8 | 2206.7 ± 195.8 | |||
AAC (100) | 688.3 ± 232.8 | ||||
NOPD (10) | 416.7 ± 13.5 | ||||
4-NQO (5) | 447 ± 3 | ||||
Results with S9 | |||||
DMSO | 5.7 ± 2.1 | 89.3 ± 6.5 | 11 ± 4.6 | 20 ± 2 | 25 ± 8.7 |
0.03 | 10 ± 4 | 80.7 ± 7.6 | 9.3 ± 3.2 | 21.3 ± 11 | |
0.1 | 11.7 ± 4.5 | 80.7 ± 12.1 | 6 ± 2 | 25 ± 3.6 | 20 ± 5.3 |
0.3 | 8.7 ± 2.9 | 19.7 ± 10.5 | 9.3 ± 0.6 | 22 ± 7.9 | 23.7 ± 7.2 |
1 | 13.3 ± 4.2 | 76.3 ± 9.2 | 10.3 ± 6.5 | 28.7 ± 1.2 | 20 ± 0 |
3.3 | 10.3 ± 2.5 | 13.7 ± 13 | 6 ± 1 | 23 ± 5 | 14.3 ± 2.1 |
10 | 5.7 ± 2.3 | 82.3 ± 10.1 | 6.3 ± 2.3 | 16.7 ± 3.1 | 18.3 ± 4 |
33 | 14.3 ± 3.2 | ||||
2-AA (2.5) | 168.3 ± 28.2 | 1467.3 ± 26.3 | 107.7 ± 15.5 | 1242.3 ± 11.6 | |
2-AA (60.0) | 60 ± 9.5 |
Endpoint conclusion
- Endpoint conclusion:
- no adverse effect observed (negative)
Additional information
Reverse mutation assay (BASF 2016)
This study was performed to investigate the potential of the test substance dissolved in DMSO to induce gene mutations according to OECD guideline 471. Two plate incorporation tests (experiment 1 + 2) and a pre-incubation test (experiment 3) using the Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 1535, TA 1537, TA 98, TA 100, and the Escherichia coli strain WP2 uvrA were conducted. The assay was performed with and without metabolic activation (S9 mix). Each concentration, including the controls, was tested in triplicate. The test item was tested at the following concentrations: experiment 1 (standard plate test): 0, 33, 100, 333, 1000, 2750 and 5500 μg/plate; experiment 2 (standard plate test): 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10 and 33 μg/plate (TA strains) and 0, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10, 33 and 100 μg/plate (E.coli); experiment 3 (preincubation test): 0, 0.03, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3 and 10 μg/plate (TA strains) and 0, 0.1, 0.3, 1.0, 3.3, 10 and 33 μg/plate (E.coli). The test item precipitated at 5500 μg/plate. The undissolved particles had no influence on the data recording. The observed cytotoxicity was dependent on test strain used but independent of metabolic activation. The lowest concentrations inducing a decreased revertant number were 10 µg/plate (standard plate test) and 3.3 µg/plate (preincubation test). No substantial increase in revertant colony numbers of any of the five tester strains was observed following treatment with the test substance at any dose level, neither in the presence nor absence of metabolic activation. Appropriate reference mutagens were used as positive controls and showed a distinct increase of induced revertant colonies. In conclusion, it can be stated that during the described mutagenicity test and under the experimental conditions reported, the test item did not induce gene mutations by base pair changes or frameshifts in the genome of the strains used. Therefore, the test substance is considered to be non-mutagenic in this Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli reverse mutation assay.
Justification for selection of genetic toxicity endpoint
GLP and guideline compliant study available for mutagenicity in bacteria.
Justification for classification or non-classification
The available experimental in vitro test data are reliable and suitable for classification purposes under Regulation 1272/2008. As a result the substance does not need to be classified and labelled for mutagenic toxicity under Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008, as amended for the sixth time in Regulation (EC) No 605/2014.
Information on Registered Substances comes from registration dossiers which have been assigned a registration number. The assignment of a registration number does however not guarantee that the information in the dossier is correct or that the dossier is compliant with Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 (the REACH Regulation). This information has not been reviewed or verified by the Agency or any other authority. The content is subject to change without prior notice.
Reproduction or further distribution of this information may be subject to copyright protection. Use of the information without obtaining the permission from the owner(s) of the respective information might violate the rights of the owner.