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EC number: 231-441-9 | CAS number: 7550-45-0
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Specific investigations: other studies
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- specific investigations: other studies
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 1980-05-21 to 1980-05-29
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: The study is well documented and meets generally accepted scientific principles.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 1 980
- Report date:
- 1980
Materials and methods
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Eight week old male rats were exposed (head only) to TiCl4 vapours in air. Groups of four rats were exposed for single 20 minute periods.
Respiratory rate was monitored by recording pressure fluctuations (due to breathing) in the body plethysmorgraph. Respiratory rate (breaths per
minute) was recorded for a 5 minute control period pre- and post-exposure as well as during exposure. Respiratory rate was determined by
counting breaths for a 10 to 20 second interval each minute. Each animal served as its own control. Percent decrease in respiratory rate from mean
control value (5 minute pre-exposure) was calculated. A group average of respiratory depression (RD) was determined at several time intervals
during exposure. An RD50 value was calculated by linear regression analysis from the interval during which maximum respiratory rate depression
was observed.
During exposure all rats were observed and clinical signs noted. Following each exposure rats were observed and weighed daily for a 48 hour
period. - GLP compliance:
- no
- Type of method:
- in vivo
- Endpoint addressed:
- respiratory irritation
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Titanium tetrachloride
- EC Number:
- 231-441-9
- EC Name:
- Titanium tetrachloride
- Cas Number:
- 7550-45-0
- Molecular formula:
- Cl4Ti
- IUPAC Name:
- titanium tetrachloride
Constituent 1
Test animals
- Species:
- rat
- Strain:
- other: ChR-CD
- Sex:
- male
- Details on test animals or test system and environmental conditions:
- TEST ANIMALS
- Source: No information
- Age at study initiation: 8 weeks
- Weight at study initiation: 232-274 g
- Fasting period before study: Not stated
- Housing: Suspended stainless steel wire-mesh cages, in pairs
- Diet: Purina Certified Rodent Chow #5002 ad libitum
- Water: ad libitum
- Acclimation period: one week
Administration / exposure
- Route of administration:
- inhalation: vapour
- Vehicle:
- unchanged (no vehicle)
- Details on exposure:
- GENERATION OF TEST ATMOSPHERE / CHAMBER DESCRIPTION
- Exposure apparatus: 23 litre rectangular polymethylmethacrylate chamber with four animal ports and four sampling ports.
- Method of holding animals in test chamber: Body plethysmograph positioned such that only the animal's snout protruded into a sealed inner
compartment (ca. 1.5 litres)
TEST ATMOSPHERE
- Brief description of analytical method used: Chloride specific ion electrode
- Samples taken from breathing zone: Yes - Analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- yes
- Details on analytical verification of doses or concentrations:
- Two samples collected during each exposure. A known volume of test atmosphere was drawn through
two midget impingers, connected in series, which contained 10 ml of a 0.5 M sodium acetate solution as trapping solvent. Samples were analysed
using a chloride specific ion electrode. - Duration of treatment / exposure:
- 20 minutes
- Frequency of treatment:
- Once
- Post exposure period:
- 48 hours
Doses / concentrations
- Remarks:
- Doses / Concentrations:
0.04, 0.11, 0.20, 0.32, 1.23, 2.80, 2.94, 4.30 mg/l
Basis:
analytical conc.
average measured values
- No. of animals per sex per dose:
- 4
Examinations
- Examinations:
- Respiratory rate
Clinical observations
Body weight - Positive control:
- None
Results and discussion
- Details on results:
- Individual respiratory rate decrease values for each test concentration are shown in Table 1.
The calculated atmospheric concentration of TiCl4 necessary to produce a 50% decrease in respiratory rate was determined to be 2.43 mg/l. A dose response relationship was apparent. The decrease in respiratory rate was observed within the first minute of exposure and reached a relatively stable
level prior to the recovery period. Only a slight return toward the normal respiration rate was observed during the final 5 minutes of the exposure
period. During a 5 minute period following exposure a slight recovery in respiratory rate was observed but remained below control values.
The lower exposure levels produced an apparent increase in respiratory rate. This was also observed, but less pronounced, in rats exposed only to
houseline air.
Rats exhibited lacrimation and clear nasal discharge immediately following exposure. There was mild weight loss observed within 24 hours post-
exposure, followed by normal weight gain within 48 hours. No other adverse signs were observed post-exposure.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1 Respiratory Rate Decrease
Average exposure concentration (mg/l) |
% Respiratory rate decrease |
Standard deviation (%) |
0.04 |
-18.2 |
± 12.9 |
0.11 |
-6.0 |
± 35.6 |
0.20 |
12.0 |
± 9.8 |
0.32 |
17.8 |
± 25.8 |
1.23 |
42.5 |
± 10.9 |
2.80 |
63.3 |
± 8.5 |
2.94 |
62.0 |
± 21.8 |
4.30 |
75.5 |
± 5.1 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Conclusions:
- Groups of four male ChR-CD rats were exposed to hydrolysis products of TiCl4 in air. Respiratory rate was monitored. The amount of respiratory
rate depression was found to be proportional to the atmospheric concentration of TiCl4. The calculated RD50 is 2.43 mg/l/
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