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EC number: 947-865-9 | CAS number: -
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 07 October 1999 to 20 December 1999
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- other: read-across target
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-D (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 F (Ready Biodegradability: Manometric Respirometry Test)
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- ISO DIS 9408 (Ultimate Aerobic Biodegradability - Method by Determining the Oxygen Demand in a Closed Respirometer)
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- Municipal activated sludge from the waste water treatment plant of Mannheim, stored for 5 days in laboratory waste water treatment plant (WWTP) No.1 which was fed with municipal waste water. One day before the start of the test the sludge from laboratory WWTP No.1 was washed and aerated for 24 hours and then added to the test vessels to obtain a sludge concentration of 30 mg/L dry solids.
- Duration of test (contact time):
- 74 d
- Initial conc.:
- 50 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- O2 consumption
- Details on study design:
- Test temperature: 22 ± 1 °C
PRINCIPLE OF THE MANOMETRIC RESPIROMETRY TEST
The Manometric Respirometry Test is a static method for testing the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of a test material in water. Mixtures of the test material, a defined inorganic medium and an inoculum, which is not pre-adapted (e.g. activated sludge or effluent of a municipal or laboratory waste water treatment plant), are incubated and aerated in a respirometer (Sapromat) at room temperature up to 28 days regularly. The test period may be expanded if biodegradation processes are still ongoing after 28 days. The oxygen used for the biodegradation of the test material (biochemical oxygen demand, BOD) is continuously produced and measured by the test apparatus.
In addition to the assays with test material (in triplicate) the following investigations are required: blank values (BC), biodegradation of a reference substance (RS), inhibition of the inoculum (I H) and abiotic elimination (PC).
EVALUATION OF TEST RESULTS
The biochemical oxygen demand gives unequivocal evidence for biodegradation. The measured BOD is compared with the calculated theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) or the measured chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the test material and indicated as biodegradation degree in per cent. Since the micro-organisms oxidise only part of the test material and incorporate the rest as biomass, substances with a degree of > 60 % biodegradation are considered to be sufficiently biodegradable. The relation BOD to ThOD or COD is considered as follows:
> 60 % in 10 days - "readily biodegradable (OECD criteria)"
> 60% - "biodegradable"
20 - 60% - "in this test primarily biodegradable"
< 20% - "in this test poorly biodegradable"
One of the OECD criteria for ready biodegradable substances is the threshold value of 60% biodegradation within a period of 10 days during a total test period of 28 days. If a test material is biodegradable in this test, it can be assumed that it will be biodegraded in the environment, especially in wastewater treatment plants and surface waters. - Reference substance:
- aniline
- Test performance:
- No unusual observations.
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: %BOD/ThOD
- Value:
- >= 30 - <= 40
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Results with reference substance:
- Degradation degree of the reference substance was > 60% after 14 days and therefore met the validity criteria.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- with the minor exception noted in "Overall remarks"
- Interpretation of results:
- not readily biodegradable
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of this study, the test material was not biodegradable (e.g. BOD > 60% of ThOD) within a 10-d window within the 28-d period, as required by OECD 301 to be considered "readily biodegradable." However, biodegradation continued after 28 d and thus measurements continued to 74 d. At 74 d, triplicate results ranged 40-50%. Thus the test material may be considered somewhat biodegradable, but not "ready biodegradable".
- Executive summary:
The biodegradability of the test material was investigated in the Manometric Respirometry Test according to OECD Guideline 301 F, EU Method C.4 -D and ISO Standard 9408.
Biodegradation degree (BOD of THOD) after 28 days was 30-40 % and the biodegradation degree (BOD of THOD) after 74 days was 40-50 %.
Biodegradation of the test material was shown to be a comparatively slow process. Therefore the test duration was prolonged. After a test period of 74 days biodegradation processes were still ongoing.
Under the conditions of this study, the test material was not biodegradable (e.g. BOD > 60% of ThOD) within a 10-d window within the 28-d period, as required by OECD 301 to be considered "readily biodegradable." However, biodegradation continued after 28 d and thus measurements continued to 74 d. At 74 d, triplicate results ranged 40-50%. Thus the test material may be considered somewhat biodegradable, but not "readily biodegradable".
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- read-across from supporting substance (structural analogue or surrogate)
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: Study conducted on read-across material
- Justification for type of information:
- Read-across from Dioctyltin bis (2-ethylhexylmercaptoacetate) (DOTE) (CAS No. 15571-58-1), see attached justification.
- Reason / purpose for cross-reference:
- read-across source
- Key result
- Parameter:
- other: %BOD/ThOD
- Value:
- >= 30 - <= 40
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
Referenceopen allclose all
TEST INFORMATION
No pre-adapted inoculum used.
Test duration: 74 days
Duration of adaptation phase: 8 days
Duration of degradation phase: 22 days
Degradation of the test material at the end of the ten-day window (%BOD/ThOD): -
Degradation degree of the test material after 28 days (%BOD/ThOD): 30-40
Degradation degree of the test material at the end of the test (%BOD/ThOD): 40-50
Degree of degradation of the test material in abiotic control at the end of the test (%BOD/ThOD): 0-10
Degradation degree of the reference substance after 14 days (%BOD/ThOD): 80-90
Degradation degree in the inhibition control after 14 days (%BOD/ThOD): 40-50
Data results from study report:
Calculated specific BOD values (cumulative, by day sampled), in mg/g:
[data are reported as reference (aniline), followed by each test material replicate]
1d: -40, 20, 0, 40
4d: 1460, 141, 79, 160
7d: 2020, 242, 159, 280
10d: 2060, 423, 357, 520
13d: 2080, 504, 536, 700
16d: 2140, 565, 694, 820
19d: 2260, 605, 754, 840
22d: 2360, 645, 774, 900
25d: 2400, 665, 813, 980
28d: 2440, 685, 813, 1020
*74d: 2700, 1028, 853, 1600
* - incubation time was increased to 74 days as biodegradation of the test material was shown to be a comparatively slow process
BOD of blank (after 74 days) = 50 mg/L
Biodegradation in relation to ThOD (cumulative, by day sampled), in %:[data are reported as reference (aniline), followed by each test material replicate]
1d: -2, 1, 0, 2
4d: 61, 6, 3, 7
7d: 84, 10, 7, 12
10d: 86, 18, 15, 22
13d: 87, 21, 23, 30
16d: 89, 24, 30, 35
19d: 94, 26, 32, 36
22d: 99, 27, 33, 38
25d: 100, 28, 35, 42
28d: 102, 29, 35, 43
*74d: 113, 44, 36, 68
* - incubation time was increased to 74 days as biodegradation of the test material was shown to be a comparatively slow process
Test material was degraded 29-43% in 28 days and was determined to be not readily biodegradable.
Degradation products: not measured
Description of key information
Read-across to structurally similar substance Dioctyltin bis (2-ethylhexylmercaptoacetate) (DOTE) (CAS No. 15571-58-1).
Under the conditions of the study, DOTE (CAS No 15571-58-1) was not biodegradable (e.g. BOD > 60% of ThOD) within a 10-d window within the 28-d period, as required by OECD 301 to be considered "readily biodegradable." However, biodegradation continued after 28 d and thus measurements continued to 74 d. At 74 d, triplicate results ranged 40-50%. Thus the test material may be considered somewhat biodegradable, but not "ready biodegradable".
Key value for chemical safety assessment
Additional information
Read-across to structurally similar substance Dioctyltin bis (2-ethylhexylmercaptoacetate) (DOTE) (CAS No. 15571-58-1). Read-across from DOTE can be justified by structural analogy (dioctyltin and two thiogylocolate ligands).
The biodegradability of the test material was investigated in the Manometric Respirometry Test according to OECD Guideline 301 F, EU Method C.4 -D and ISO Standard 9408.
Biodegradation degree (BOD of THOD) after 28 days was 30-40 % and the biodegradation degree (BOD of THOD) after 74 days was 40-50 %.
Biodegradation of the test material was shown to be a comparatively slow process. Therefore the test duration was prolonged. After a test period of 74 days biodegradation processes were still ongoing.
Under the conditions of this study, the test material was not biodegradable (e.g. BOD > 60% of ThOD) within a 10-d window within the 28-d period, as required by OECD 301 to be considered "readily biodegradable." However, biodegradation continued after 28 d and thus measurements continued to 74 d. At 74 d, triplicate results ranged 40-50%. Thus the test material may be considered somewhat biodegradable, but not "readily biodegradable".
The Baumann, 1992a, and Baumann, 1992b, studies are presented here as supporting information only. Both studies were conducted according to EC Method C.5 (84/449/EEC) and under good laboratory practice conditions. The results of the Baumann, 1992a, and Baumann, 1992b, studies were 11 -19% degradation after 28 days and 23% degradation after 28 days respectively and support that DOTE is not readily biodegradable.
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