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EC number: 271-516-3 | CAS number: 68583-51-7
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Biodegradation in water: screening tests
Administrative data
Link to relevant study record(s)
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 11 Jul - 10 Aug 1995
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.4-C (Determination of the "Ready" Biodegradability - Carbon Dioxide Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Temperature exceeded 24 °C on one day of the test
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- activated sludge, domestic, non-adapted
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: obtained from sewage treatment plant 'Marl Ost', Germany (11 Jul 1995)
- Initial cell/biomass concentration: 102*10^4 colony-forming units/mL
- Other: dry weight of inoculum: 4.2 g/L - Duration of test (contact time):
- 29 d
- Initial conc.:
- 21.2 mg/L
- Based on:
- test mat.
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: mineral medium according to guideline 92/69/EWG C.4-C
- Test temperature: 22.2 - 24.2 °C
- pH: 7.6 - 7.7 after 28 d
- Suspended solids concentration: 28.0 mg/L
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 5 L glass vessels
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: 2
- Measuring equipment: TAC analyser (Shimadzu)
- Details of trap for CO2 and volatile organics if used: sodium hydroxide solution
- Other: 2.4 L of constantly aerated mineral medium was added to each vessel, incoulated and filled-up to a final volume of 3 L. The test vessels were acidified to eliminate the remaining dissolved CO2 on day 28. The bacteria were crucified and the degradation was stopped. The biodegradation rate obtained on day 29 was allocated to the result on day 28.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: days 0, 2, 5, 8, 14, 19, 23, 28, 29
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: 2 replicates
- Other: positive control: sodium benzoate, 1 bottle - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- concentration: 25 mg/L
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 82
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Details on results:
- Within the 10-day window the 60% level was passed. Therefore, the test substance is regarded as readily biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- The reference substance is degraded by 89% after 28 days and it meets the 10-day window requirement.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- See Table 2 in "Any other onformation on results incl. tables".
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 15 Apr - 13 May 1994
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Temperature was not in the range of 22 ± 2 °C
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: secondary effluent from activated-sludge plant
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Activated sludge plant at URL North (unacclimatised)
- Pretreatment: The level of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was reduced by sparging the filtered effluent with nitrogen after prior adjustment of the pH to 6.5.
- Water filtered: yes
- Type and size of filter used, if any: Whatman filter paper (541) - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 9.99 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Test temperature: 16 - 21 °C
- pH: The pH of the inoculum was adjusted to 6.5
- pH adjusted: yes
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 160 mL hypovials containing 100 mL mineral salts medium inoculated with secondary effluent and the respective test or reference substance. The sealed vessels were incubated at 20 °C on a rotary shaker. The headspace in each vessel has a volume of 60 mL and, when filled with air, contains approx. 6 times the mass of oxygen required for the complete oxidation of the substance.
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: multiple vessels
- Measuring equipment: Ionics 555 Inorganic Carbon Analyser to analyse the CO2/DIC in the headspace gas and the liquid medium. The total inorganic carbon in the vessel is calculated and corrected by subtracting the total inorganic carbon produced in a control.
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: Sampled on day 4, 7, 11, 14, 18, 21 and 28
- Sampling method: One vessel per substance and control was analysed except on day 28 when five vessels were analysed
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: yes
- Abiotic sterile control: no
- Toxicity control: no - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- concentration: 10 mg DOC/L
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 104.5
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 99.9 - 109.2%
- Details on results:
- Within the 10-day time window the 60% level was passed. Therefore, the test substance is regarded as readily biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- Degradation: 89.8% after 28 days, 60% pass level was reached within 10 days.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- See Table 2 in "Any other onformation on results incl. tables".
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
- Endpoint:
- biodegradation in water: ready biodegradability
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- supporting study
- Study period:
- 29 Jun - 27 Jul 1993
- Reliability:
- 2 (reliable with restrictions)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study with acceptable restrictions
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 301 B (Ready Biodegradability: CO2 Evolution Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- Temperature was not in a range of 22 ± 2 °C
- GLP compliance:
- yes
- Oxygen conditions:
- aerobic
- Inoculum or test system:
- other: 10% by volume of activated sludge plant secondary effluent
- Details on inoculum:
- - Source of inoculum/activated sludge: Activated sludge plant at URL North, UK
- Water filtered: yes
- Type and size of filter used, if any: Whatman filter paper (541)
- Other: The level of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) was reduced by sparging the filtered effluent with nitrogen after prior adjustment of the pH to 6.5. - Duration of test (contact time):
- 28 d
- Initial conc.:
- 10 mg/L
- Based on:
- DOC
- Parameter followed for biodegradation estimation:
- CO2 evolution
- Details on study design:
- TEST CONDITIONS
- Composition of medium: mineral salts medium according to guideline OECD 301B
- Test temperature: 19 - 23 °C
TEST SYSTEM
- Culturing apparatus: 160 mL vessel (hypovials)
- Number of culture flasks/concentration: multiple vessels (one was analysed each day except on day 28 when five vessels were analysed)
- Method used to create aerobic conditions: incubated on a rotary shaker
- Measuring equipment: Ionics 555 Inorganic Carbon Analyser
- Test performed in closed vessels due to significant volatility of test substance: sealed with butyl rubber septum and aluminium crimp seal
SAMPLING
- Sampling frequency: on day 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, 21, 24 and 28
- Sampling method: Concentration of CO2 was determined in the headspace gas. The seal is then broken and the inorganic carbon concentration in the test medium is also determined.
CONTROL AND BLANK SYSTEM
- Inoculum blank: multiple vessels (one was analysed each day except on day 28 when five vessels were analysed)
- Abiotic sterile control: no
- Toxicity control: no - Reference substance:
- benzoic acid, sodium salt
- Remarks:
- concentration: 10 mg DOC/L
- Parameter:
- % degradation (CO2 evolution)
- Value:
- 107.6
- Sampling time:
- 28 d
- Remarks on result:
- other: 95% CL: 99.1 - 116.1%
- Details on results:
- Within the 10-day time window the 60% level was passed. Therefore, the test substance is regarded as readily biodegradable.
- Results with reference substance:
- 99.5% after 28 days, 60% pass level was reached.
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- not specified
- Remarks:
- See Table 2 in "Any other onformation on results incl. tables".
- Interpretation of results:
- readily biodegradable
Referenceopen allclose all
The temperature exceeded 24 °C on one day of the test. This has not affected the outcome of the study since the biodegradation of the reference substance was normal.
Table 1: Biodegradation (%) of test substance (TS) and reference substance (RS)
Day |
TS I |
TS II |
TS Mean |
RS |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
22 |
16 |
19 |
45 |
5 |
57 |
53 |
55 |
70 |
8 |
59 |
68 |
69 |
80 |
14 |
78 |
78 |
78 |
85 |
19 |
80 |
81 |
81 |
85 |
23 |
81 |
79 |
80 |
88 |
28 |
82 |
81 |
82 |
88 |
29 |
83 |
82 |
83 |
89 |
Table 2: Validity criteria for OECD 301B.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the plateau, at the end of the test or at the end of the 10-d window, as appropriate, is less than 20%. |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical were less than 20% at all times. |
yes |
Percentage degradation of the reference compound reached the pass level by day 14 (≥ 60%). |
85%degradation of the reference compound by day 14. |
yes |
The toxicity control should degrade to at least 35% (based on DOC) or at least 25% (based on ThOD or ThCO2) within 14 d. |
no toxicity control performed |
- |
The IC content of the test substance suspension in the mineral medium at the beginning of the test must be less than 5% of the TC. |
TC was not determined. |
- |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test should not normally exceed 40 mg/L medium. |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blanks at the end of the test was 14.52 and 15.20 mg/L. |
yes |
Two biodegradation on day 21 and 28 were > 100%. These test vessels were probably contaminated with organic material.
Table 1: Percentage biodegradation over 28 day test period
Day No. |
Control vessel µg IC |
% biodegradation of test substance |
4 |
40.6 |
60.4 |
7 |
58.6 |
89.3 |
11 |
59.7 |
94.7 |
14 |
81.7 |
101.8 |
18 |
106.9 |
99.3 |
21 |
71.1 |
105.4 |
28 (mean) |
118.6 |
104.5 |
95% Confid. Limits |
not determined |
99.9 - 109.2 |
Table 2: Validity criteria for OECD 301B.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the plateau, at the end of the test or at the end of the 10-d window, as appropriate, is less than 20%. |
Information on replicates is not given. |
- |
Percentage degradation of the reference compound reached the pass level by day 14 (≥ 60%). |
>90% degradation of the reference compound by day 14. |
yes |
The toxicity control should degrade to at least 35% (based on DOC) or at least 25% (based on ThOD or ThCO2) within 14 d. |
No toxicity control was performed. |
- |
The IC content of the test substance suspension in the mineral medium at the beginning of the test must be less than 5% of the TC. |
Information on TC is not given. |
- |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test should not normally exceed 40 mg/L medium. |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test 1.2 mg/L medium. |
yes |
Two control vessels on day 24 (one vessel) and 28 (one vessel) gave very high inorganic carbon values (IC) of 345 and 372.6 µg, respectively. These test vessels were probably contaminated with organic material. Since only one vessel was analysed on day 24, the biodegradation is lower then expected on this day. On day 28, replicates were analysed and the high IC value was excluded from calculation using Dixon’s test.
Table 1: Percentage biodegradation over 28 day test period
Day No. |
Control vessel µg IC |
% biodegradation of test substance |
3 |
37.8 |
60.4 |
7 |
79.4 |
97.8 |
10 |
103.0 |
88.2 |
14 |
79.6 |
98.1 |
17 |
78.9 |
101.9 |
21 |
171.3 |
94.1 |
24 |
345.0 |
72.5 |
28 (mean) |
95.9 |
107.6 |
95% Confid. Limits |
not determined |
99.1 – 116.1 |
Table 2: Validity criteria for OECD 301B.
Criterion from the guideline |
Outcome |
Validity criterion fulfilled |
Difference of extremes of replicate values of the removal of the test chemical at the plateau, at the end of the test or at the end of the 10-d window, as appropriate, is less than 20%. |
Information on replicates is not given. |
- |
Percentage degradation of the reference compound reached the pass level by day 14 (≥ 60%). |
>90% degradation of the reference compound by day 14. |
yes |
The toxicity control should degrade to at least 35% (based on DOC) or at least 25% (based on ThOD or ThCO2) within 14 d. |
No toxicity control was performed. |
- |
The IC content of the test substance suspension in the mineral medium at the beginning of the test must be less than 5% of the TC. |
Information on TC is not given. |
- |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test should not normally exceed 40 mg/L medium. |
The total CO2 evolution in the inoculum blank at the end of the test 0.95 mg/L medium. |
yes |
Description of key information
Readily biodegradable: ≥ 60% in 28 days
Key value for chemical safety assessment
- Biodegradation in water:
- readily biodegradable
Additional information
Three studies are available to evaluate the readily biodegradability of decanoic acid, mixed diesters with octanoic acid and propylene glycol (CAS 68583-51-7).
The first study (1995) was conducted according to the EU Method C.4-C (GLP) under aerobic conditions using domestic activated sludge as inoculum. A mean biodegradation of 82% was observed after 28 d. Since the substance reached the pass level (biodegradation is > 60% within the 10-day window) the test substance is considered to be readily biodegradable according to the OECD criteria.
This result is supported by two GLP-Guideline studies with decanoic acid, mixed diesters with octanoic acid and propylene glycol according to OECD 301B using secondary effluent from an activated-sludge plant as inoculum. A mean biodegradation of 104.5 and 107.6%, respectively, and the fulfilment of the 10-day window criterion consider the substance to be readily biodegradable.
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