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EC number: 261-919-2 | CAS number: 59766-31-3
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Study period:
- 26 January 2018 till 07 Feb 2018
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- guideline study
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 018
- Report date:
- 2018
Materials and methods
Test guideline
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 202 (Daphnia sp. Acute Immobilisation Test)
- Version / remarks:
- 2004
- Deviations:
- no
- Principles of method if other than guideline:
- Procedures for obtaining a saturated solution were based on the test methods described in the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, 2000.
- GLP compliance:
- yes
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dipotassium titanate(2-)
- EC Number:
- 261-919-2
- EC Name:
- Dipotassium titanate(2-)
- Cas Number:
- 59766-31-3
- Molecular formula:
- K2O17Ti8
- IUPAC Name:
- dipotassium titanate(2-)
- Test material form:
- solid: particulate/powder
- Details on test material:
- Appearance: White powder (fibrous particle)
Test item storage: At room temperature
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- yes
- Details on sampling:
- Samples for possible analysis were taken from all test concentrations and the control at t=0 and t=48 hours. In addition, the filter containing the undissolved residue used in the preparation of test solutions was analysed.
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- The test material was not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared. The water solubility at 20 °C was determined to be ≤ 0.041 mg/L, using the column elution method (Charles River Den Bosch Project 518459).
Preparation of test solutions started with a loading rate of 100 mg/L applying a three-day period of magnetic stirring to ensure maximum dissolution of the test item in test medium. Thereafter, the aqueous Saturated Solution (SS) was collected by filtration and used as the highest test concentration. Lower test concentrations (1% and 10% of the SS) were prepared by subsequent dilutions of the SS in test medium. All test solutions were clear and colorless at the end of the preparation procedure. Hence tested concentrations were TISMO D Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of a Saturated Solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. As controls test medium without test item or other additives was used.
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- Daphnia magna
- Details on test organisms:
- Species: Daphnia magna (Crustacea, Cladocera) (Straus, 1820), at least third generation, obtained by a cyclical parthenogenesis under specified breeding conditions.
Source: In-house laboratory culture with a known history.
Validity of batch: Daphnids originated from a healthy stock, 2nd to 5th brood, showing no signs of stress such as mortality >20%, presence of males, ephippia or discoloured animals and there was no delay in the production of the first brood.
Characteristics: For the test selection of young daphnids with an age of < 24 hours, from parental daphnids of more than two weeks old.
Feeding during test: none.
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- other: Adjusted ISO medium
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 48 h
- Post exposure observation period:
- Not applicable.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 180 mg/L expressed as CaCO3
- Test temperature:
- 20-21°C
- pH:
- Range at start and end in control and all test concentrations: 7.9-8.1
- Dissolved oxygen:
- Range at start and end in control and all test concentrations: 8.6-9.3 mg/L
- Salinity:
- Not applicable.
- Conductivity:
- Not measured.
- Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations were TISMO D Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of a Saturated Solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. No test item was detected in the control samples and test samples (100% of a Saturated Solution). To demonstrate proper preparation of the test solutions, an aliquot of the filter residue was analyzed. The element Titanium was detected in this solution, which demonstrated that the test item was used for the preparation of the test solutions. Based on these results, the effect parameters were based on the applied loading rate.
- Details on test conditions:
- Test vessels: 60 mL, all-glass;
Number of daphnids: 20 each in the control and the highest test concentration, 10 per intermediate test concentration;
Loading: 5 per vessel containing 50 mL of test solution;
Light: 16 hours photoperiod daily;
Feeding: No feeding;
Aeration: No aeration of the test solutions;
Introduction of daphnids: Within 18 minutes after preparation of the test solutions.
Immobility (including mortality): Recorde at 24 hours and at 48 hours.
Dissolved oxygen & pH: Measured at the beginning of the test, for all concentrations and the control. At the end of the test, for the highest concentration and the control.
Temperature of medium: Measured continuously in a temperature control vessel, beginning at the start of the test. - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
Results and discussion
Effect concentrations
- Key result
- Duration:
- 48 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EL50
- Effect conc.:
- > 100 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- other: see remark
- Remarks:
- Tested concentrations were TISMO D Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of a Saturated Solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. The effect parameters were based on the applied loading rate of 100 mg/L.
- Basis for effect:
- mobility
- Details on results:
- In the control and in the TISMO D Solutions containing 1.0, 10 and 100% of a Saturated Solution prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, 0% immobility was recorded after 24 and 48 hours. .
- Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7) was tested in a separate test on 02-04 January 2018. The 24h-EC50 was 0.87 mg/L with a 95% confidence interval between 0.80 and 0.95 mg/L. This is within the expected range according to OECD 202 (2012): 06-2.1 mg/L, confirming the sensitivity of the test organisms.
- Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Not applicable.
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Remarks:
- 1. In the control: 0% immobility, no signs of disease or stress. 2. The oxygen concentration at the end of the test was ≥3 mg/L in control and test vessels.
- Conclusions:
- Under the conditions of the present study with Daphnia magna, no immobilisation was recorded at the maximum soluble concentration of TISMO D in test medium at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. The 48h EL50 for Daphnia magna exposed to TISMO D was beyond the range tested, i.e. exceeded a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
- Executive summary:
The objective of the study was to evaluate TISMO D for its ability to generate acute toxic effects on the mobility of Daphnia magna during an exposure period of 48 hours and, if possible, to determine the EL50 at 24 and 48 hours of exposure.
The study procedures described in this report were based on the OECD guideline No. 202, 2004. In addition, procedures were based on the test methods described in the OECD series on testing and assessment number 23, 2000.
The batch of TISMO D tested was a white powder (fibrous particle) with a purity of 99.7% and not completely soluble in test medium at the loading rate initially prepared.
A Saturated Solution (SS) was prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L and used as the highest concentration. Lower concentrations were prepared by diluting the highest concentration in test medium.
A combined limit/range-finding test was performed. Twenty daphnids per group (5 per replicate, quadruplicate) were exposed to an untreated control and to an undiluted SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg/L, in a limit test. In addition ten daphnids per group (5 per replicate, duplicate) were exposed to solutions containing 1.0 and 10% of the SS prepared at a loading rate of 100 mg TISMO D per litre in the combined range-finding test. The total exposure period was 48 hours and samples for analytical confirmation of exposure concentrations were taken at the start and at the end of the test.
No immobilisation was observed at any of the loading rates tested.
Samples taken from the control and the highest test concentration were analysed. No test item could be detected. Consequently the undissolved residue collected in the filter used in the preparation of test solutions was analysed. This analysis proved that the residue was test item related and the test solutions had been prepared correctly. Based on these results, the effect parameters were based on the applied loading rate.
The study met the acceptability criteria prescribed by the study plan and was considered valid.
In conclusion, due to the very low solubility of TISMO D in test medium, concentration levels that might be toxic for D. magna could not be reached. Under the conditions of the present study with D. magna, no immobilisation was recorded at the maximum soluble concentration of TISMO D in test medium at a loading rate of 100 mg/L. The 48h EL50 for Daphnia magna exposed to TISMO D was beyond the range tested, i.e. exceeded a loading rate of 100 mg/L.
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