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EC number: 257-471-2 | CAS number: 51850-20-5
- Life Cycle description
- Uses advised against
- Endpoint summary
- Appearance / physical state / colour
- Melting point / freezing point
- Boiling point
- Density
- Particle size distribution (Granulometry)
- Vapour pressure
- Partition coefficient
- Water solubility
- Solubility in organic solvents / fat solubility
- Surface tension
- Flash point
- Auto flammability
- Flammability
- Explosiveness
- Oxidising properties
- Oxidation reduction potential
- Stability in organic solvents and identity of relevant degradation products
- Storage stability and reactivity towards container material
- Stability: thermal, sunlight, metals
- pH
- Dissociation constant
- Viscosity
- Additional physico-chemical information
- Additional physico-chemical properties of nanomaterials
- Nanomaterial agglomeration / aggregation
- Nanomaterial crystalline phase
- Nanomaterial crystallite and grain size
- Nanomaterial aspect ratio / shape
- Nanomaterial specific surface area
- Nanomaterial Zeta potential
- Nanomaterial surface chemistry
- Nanomaterial dustiness
- Nanomaterial porosity
- Nanomaterial pour density
- Nanomaterial photocatalytic activity
- Nanomaterial radical formation potential
- Nanomaterial catalytic activity
- Endpoint summary
- Stability
- Biodegradation
- Bioaccumulation
- Transport and distribution
- Environmental data
- Additional information on environmental fate and behaviour
- Ecotoxicological Summary
- Aquatic toxicity
- Endpoint summary
- Short-term toxicity to fish
- Long-term toxicity to fish
- Short-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Long-term toxicity to aquatic invertebrates
- Toxicity to aquatic algae and cyanobacteria
- Toxicity to aquatic plants other than algae
- Toxicity to microorganisms
- Endocrine disrupter testing in aquatic vertebrates – in vivo
- Toxicity to other aquatic organisms
- Sediment toxicity
- Terrestrial toxicity
- Biological effects monitoring
- Biotransformation and kinetics
- Additional ecotoxological information
- Toxicological Summary
- Toxicokinetics, metabolism and distribution
- Acute Toxicity
- Irritation / corrosion
- Sensitisation
- Repeated dose toxicity
- Genetic toxicity
- Carcinogenicity
- Toxicity to reproduction
- Specific investigations
- Exposure related observations in humans
- Toxic effects on livestock and pets
- Additional toxicological data
Toxicity to microorganisms
Administrative data
- Endpoint:
- activated sludge respiration inhibition testing
- Type of information:
- experimental study
- Adequacy of study:
- key study
- Reliability:
- 1 (reliable without restriction)
- Rationale for reliability incl. deficiencies:
- other: GLP-compliant, guideline study, available as an unpublished report, no restrictions, fully adequate for assessment.
Data source
Reference
- Reference Type:
- study report
- Title:
- Unnamed
- Year:
- 2 014
- Report date:
- 2014
Materials and methods
Test guidelineopen allclose all
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- OECD Guideline 209 (Activated Sludge, Respiration Inhibition Test
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The T°C in the 1st and 2nd experiment was slightly higher, the measurement period was partly less than 5 min, and in some cases the O2 concentration within the measurement period was not between 6.5-2.5 mg/L.
- Qualifier:
- according to guideline
- Guideline:
- EU Method C.11 (Biodegradation: Activated Sludge Respiration Inhibition Test)
- Deviations:
- yes
- Remarks:
- The T°C in the 1st and 2nd experiment was slightly higher, the measurement period was partly less than 5 min, and in some cases the O2 concentration within the measurement period was not between 6.5-2.5 mg/L.
- GLP compliance:
- yes (incl. QA statement)
Test material
- Reference substance name:
- Dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate
- EC Number:
- 257-471-2
- EC Name:
- Dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate
- Cas Number:
- 51850-20-5
- Molecular formula:
- H6O6Pt.2H
- IUPAC Name:
- hexahydroxyplatinate(2-)
- Test material form:
- solid: crystalline
Constituent 1
Sampling and analysis
- Analytical monitoring:
- no
Test solutions
- Vehicle:
- no
- Details on test solutions:
- PREPARATION AND APPLICATION OF TEST SOLUTION
- Method: treatments were prepared by putting the appropriate amount of test item (1st experiment 0.5, 5.1, 50.6 and 500.1 mg test item, 2nd experiment 500 mg test item, and 3rd experiment 50 and 160 mg test item) into the respective test vessel, adding 16 mL nutrient solution and then water to give 250 mL. Additionally, the second series in the 1st and 2nd experiments with ATU was prepared by putting additional 2.5 mL ATU stock solution into the respective test vessel. Then, 250 mL inoculum was added in five minutes intervals and the mixture was aerated.
- Controls: activated sludge containing nutrient solution and tap water without test item
Test organisms
- Test organisms (species):
- activated sludge of a predominantly domestic sewage
- Details on inoculum:
- - Name and location of sewage treatment plant where inoculum was collected: the sludge was taken from the activation basin of the ESN (Stadtentsorgung Neustadt) sewage treatment plant D-67435 NW-Lachen-Speyerdorf.
- Preparation of inoculum for exposure: the sludge was filtrated, washed with tap water and resuspended in tap water. Volume was adapted to the desired content of dry matter. The activated sludge was aerated until usage in the test and fed daily with 50 mL/L synthetic sewage feed.
- Initial biomass concentration: not reported
Study design
- Test type:
- static
- Water media type:
- freshwater
- Limit test:
- yes
- Total exposure duration:
- 3 h
- Remarks on exposure duration:
- Experiment 2
- Post exposure observation period:
- Based on the results of experiment 1, experiment 2 was conducted as a limit test. Because statistically significant inhibition was observed for the test item in the test series without ATU, a third experiment was performed for determination of the NOEC with two concentrations of the test item and without ATU.
Test conditions
- Hardness:
- 0.9 mmol/L
- Test temperature:
- 1st experiment: 21.3 – 24.0 °C
2nd experiment: 22.2 – 24.2 °C
3rd experiment: 20.4 – 21.9 °C - pH:
- 1st experiment: 8.1 (with ATU) and 8.0-8.1 (without ATU) at the end of the test
2nd experiment: 7.8 - 7.9 (with ATU) and 7.7 - 8.0 (without ATU) at the end of the test
3rd experiment: 7.5 - 7.7 (without ATU) at the end of the test - Nominal and measured concentrations:
- Nominal concentrations - 1st experiment: 1, 10, 100 and 100 mg test item/L
Nominal concentrations - 2nd experiment: 1000 mg test item/L
Nominal concentrations - 3rd experiment: 100 and 320 mg test item/L - Details on test conditions:
- TEST SYSTEM
- Test vessel: glass beakers, containing 500 mL test solution, as test vessels. Narrow-neck glass bottles with flat bottoms as measuring flasks
- Aeration: purified air using Pasteur pipettes, flow rate of approximately 0.75L/min
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates) - 1st experiment: 1 (with and without ATU)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates) - 2nd experiment: 5 (with and without ATU)
- No. of vessels per concentration (replicates) - 3rd experiment: 5 (without ATU)
- No. of vessels per control (replicates): 6 (with and without ATU)
- Sludge concentration (weight of dry solids per volume): 2.22 g suspensed solids/L (1st exp.), 3.20 g suspended solids/L (2nd exp.), 2.76 g suspended solids/L (3rd exp.)
- Weight of dry solids per volume in the test: 1.11 g suspended solids/L (1st exp.), 1.60 g suspended solids/L (2nd exp.), 1.38 g suspended solids/L (3rd exp.)
- Nutrients provided for bacteria: 16 mL per vessel of synthetic sewage, containing peptone 16.0 g, meat extract 11.0 g, urea 3.0 g, NaCl 0.7 g, CaCl2.2H2O 0.4 g, MgSO4.7H2O 0.2 g, K2HPO4 2.8 g and deionised water ad 1000 mL. The pH of solution was 7.0.
- Nitrification inhibitor used: N-allylthiourea (ATU)
TEST MEDIUM / WATER PARAMETERS
- Source/preparation of dilution water: tap water
EFFECT PARAMETERS MEASURED: the respiration rate was measured after three hours of contact time by measurement of the oxygen concentration over a period of maximum five minutes.
TEST CONCENTRATIONS
- Range finding study (1st exp.)
- Test concentrations: 0, 10, 101, 1000 mg test item/L
- Results used to determine the conditions for the definitive study: no significant inhibition was observed in the highest test concentration - Reference substance (positive control):
- yes
- Remarks:
- 3,5-dichlorophenol
Results and discussion
Effect concentrationsopen allclose all
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 648 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 320 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 207 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Key result
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- 648 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of total respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC50
- Effect conc.:
- > 648 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- NOEC
- Effect conc.:
- 648 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 1 000 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- test mat.
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Duration:
- 3 h
- Dose descriptor:
- EC10
- Effect conc.:
- > 648 mg/L
- Nominal / measured:
- nominal
- Conc. based on:
- element
- Remarks:
- Pt
- Basis for effect:
- inhibition of heterotrophic respiration
- Details on results:
- 3h EC10 (respiration rate) = 1000 mg/L (nominal based on test mat.)
3h EC10 (respiration rate) = 648 mg/L (nominal based on element)
3h EC10 (heterotrophic respiration) > 1000 mg/L (nominal based on test mat.)
3h EC10 (heterotrophic respiration) > 648 mg/L (nominal based on element) - Results with reference substance (positive control):
- Without ATU - 1st experiment: 3-hour EC50 15 mg/L (95% CL 9.0 - 23 mg/L); 2nd experiment: 3-hour EC50 14 mg/L (95% CL 11 - 17 mg/L); 3rd experiment: 3-hour EC50 8.4 mg/L (95% CL 5.3 - 12 mg/L) all of which are within the recommended range of 2- 25 mg/L.
With ATU - 1st experiment: 3-hour EC50 15 mg/L (95% CL 8.9 - 28 mg/L) and 2nd experiment: 3-hour EC50 17 mg/L (95% CL <26 mg/L) both are within the recommended range of 5- 40 mg/L. - Reported statistics and error estimates:
- Oxygen consumption was calculated using linear regression.
EC50 was calculated using linear fit on a probability-logarithmic scale using Origin™ software.
NOEC was determined by testing equality of variance and then using either a t-test or WEIR test, in order to evaluate statistically significant differences between treatment groups and control groups.
Any other information on results incl. tables
Table 1. First experiment (range-finding test) - Oxygen consumption and % Inhibition after 3 hours of exposure of activated sludge to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate with N-allylthiourea (ATU)
Content | Concentration (mg test item/L) | O2 consumption in (mg/(L*h)) | % Inhibition |
Control | 0 | 35.748 | - |
0 | 35.199 | - | |
0 | 34.813 | - | |
0 | 35.575 | - | |
0 | 32.817 | - | |
0 | 32.998 | - | |
Test item | 1 | 32.520 | 5.8 |
10 | 32.072 | 7.1 | |
101 | 35.365 | -2.4 | |
1000 | 32.318 | 6.4 | |
Positive control | Concentration (mg positive control/L) | ||
5 | 32.258 | 6.6 | |
10 | 22.986 | 33.4 | |
20 | 9.515 | 72.4 | |
40 | 5.642 | 83.7 |
Table 2. First experiment (range-finding test) - Oxygen consumption and % Inhibition after 3 hours of exposure of activated sludge to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate without ATU
Content | Concentration (mg test item/L) | O2 consumption in (mg/(L*h)) | % Inhibition |
Control | 0 | 35.491 | - |
0 | 35.142 | - | |
0 | 34.177 | - | |
0 | 34.714 | - | |
0 | 35.315 | - | |
0 | 35.938 | - | |
Test item | 1 | 34.583 | 1.6 |
10 | 34.093 | 3.0 | |
101 | 34.700 | 1.2 | |
1000 | 34.297 | 2.4 | |
Positive control | Concentration (mg positive control/L) | ||
5 | 32.021 | 8.9 | |
10 | 21.794 | 38.0 | |
20 | 10.016 | 71.5 | |
40 | 5.3940 | 84.6 |
Table 3. Second experiment (limit test) - Oxygen consumption and % Inhibition after 3 hours of exposure of activated sludge to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate with ATU
Content | Concentration (mg test item/L) | O2 consumption in (mg/(L*h)) | % Inhibition |
Control | 0 | 67.698 | - |
0 | 67.814 | - | |
0 | 70.990 | - | |
0 | 64.839 | - | |
0 | 60.654 | - | |
0 | 63.872 | - | |
Test item | 1002 | 64.689 | 2.0 |
1000 | 59.562 | 9.7 | |
1001 | 67.510 | -2.3 | |
1000 | 58.686 | 11.1 | |
1001 | 57.221 | 13.3 | |
Positive Control | Concentration (mg positive control/L) | ||
5 | 67.235 | -1.9 | |
10 | 47.370 | 28.2 | |
20 | 27.519 | 58.3 | |
40 | 12.583 | 80.5 |
Table 4. Second experiment (limit test) - Oxygen consumption and % Inhibition after 3 hours of exposure of activated sludge to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate without ATU
Content | Concentration (mg test item/L) | O2 consumption in (mg/(L*h)) | % Inhibition |
Control | 0 | 75.581 | - |
0 | 71.959 | - | |
0 | 72.532 | - | |
0 | 73.974 | - | |
0 | 78.714 | - | |
0 | 73.554 | - | |
Test item | 1000 | 67.902 | 8.7 |
1000 | 66.139 | 11.1 | |
1000 | 65.534 | 11.9 | |
1002 | 67.229 | 9.6 | |
1000 | 66.609 | 10.5 | |
Positive Control | Concentration (mg positive control/L) | ||
5 | 62.066 | 16.6 | |
10 | 44.055 | 40.8 | |
20 | 26.079 | 64.9 | |
40 | 13.802 | 81.4 |
Table 5. Third experiment - Oxygen consumption and % Inhibition after 3 hours of exposure of activated sludge to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate without ATU
Content | Concentration (mg test item/L) | O2 consumption in (mg/(L*h)) | % Inhibition |
Control | 0 | 49.368 | - |
0 | 48.389 | - | |
0 | 50.986 | - | |
0 | 49.711 | - | |
0 | 51.952 | - | |
0 | 51.600 | - | |
Test item | 100 | 53.089 | -5.5 |
100 | 51.434 | -2.2 | |
101 | 52.379 | -4.1 | |
100 | 51.553 | -2.4 | |
100 | 53.548 | -6.4 | |
320 | 49.985 | 0.7 | |
321 | 53.109 | -5.5 | |
321 | 48.301 | 4.0 | |
319 | 49.747 | 1.2 | |
321 | 51.081 | -1.5 | |
Positive control | Concentration (mg positive control/L) | ||
5 | 35.510 | 29.5 | |
10 | 20.831 | 58.6 | |
20 | 9.869 | 80.4 | |
40 | 5.074 | 89.9 |
Applicant's summary and conclusion
- Validity criteria fulfilled:
- yes
- Conclusions:
- As regards the inhibition of the respiration of activated sludge when exposed to dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate, the 3-h EC50, EC10 and NOEC without ATU were determined to be > 1000 mg test item/L (> 648 mg Pt/L), 1000 mg test item/L (648 mg Pt/L), and 320 mg test item/L (207 mg Pt/L), respectively. The 3-h EC50 and EC10 with ATU were both determined to be > 1000 mg test item/L (> 648 mg Pt/L), and the relative NOEC was determined to be 1000 mg test item/L (648 mg Pt/L).
- Executive summary:
An activated sludge respiration inhibition test was conducted with dihydrogen hexahydroxyplatinate. The study is reliable without restriction, being GLP-compliant and having followed the standard test guidelines (OECD 209 and EU Method C.11). Three experiments were performed, including a range-finding test, a limit test using the concentration of 1000 mg/L, and a third test using the concentrations of 100 and 320 mg/L. Two test series were tested with and without the nitrification inhibitor N- allylthiourea (ATU) to discern between inhibition of nitrificators and inhibition of the total population. A positive control was used, and all validity criteria were met.
The 3-h EC50, EC10 and NOEC without ATU were determined to be > 1000 mg test item/L (> 648 mg Pt/L), 1000 mg test item/L (648 mg Pt/L), and 320 mg test item/L (207 mg Pt/L), respectively. The 3-h EC50 and EC10 with ATU were both determined to be > 1000 mg test item/L(> 648 mg Pt/L), and the relative NOEC was determined to be 1000 mg test item/L (648 mg Pt/L).
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